接口隔离原则

目录

1. 接口隔离原则

1.1 案例

1.1.1 改进方案：

1.2 总结

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1. 接口隔离原则

• 接口隔离原则（Interface Segregation Principle）

1.1 案例

• 类图：

•  代码

public class InterfaceSegregationPrincipleOne {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        A  a = new A();
        B  b = new B();
        a.denpend1(b);
        a.denpend2(b);
        a.denpend3(b);
        C c =new C();
        D d = new D();
        c.denpend1(d);
        c.denpend4(d);
        c.denpend5(d);
    }
}
interface InterfaceA{
    void operation1();
    void operation2();
    void operation3();
    void operation4();
    void operation5();
}

class B implements InterfaceA{

    @Override
    public void operation1() {
        System.out.println("B实现operation1");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation2() {
        System.out.println("B实现operation2");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation3() {
        System.out.println("B实现operation3");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation4() {
        System.out.println("B实现operation4");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation5() {
        System.out.println("B实现operation5");
    }
}
class D implements InterfaceA{

    @Override
    public void operation1() {
        System.out.println("D实现operation1");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation2() {
        System.out.println("D实现operation2");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation3() {
        System.out.println("D实现operation3");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation4() {
        System.out.println("D实现operation4");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation5() {
        System.out.println("D实现operation5");
    }
}
class A {
    public void  denpend1(InterfaceA i){
        i.operation1();
    }
    public void  denpend2(InterfaceA i){
        i.operation2();
    }
    public void  denpend3(InterfaceA i){
        i.operation3();
    }
}

class C {
    public void  denpend1(InterfaceA i){
        i.operation1();
    }
    public void  denpend4(InterfaceA i){
        i.operation4();
    }
    public void  denpend5(InterfaceA i){
        i.operation5();
    }
}

• 思考：存在的问题：类B、类D因为实现了接口InterfaceA，重写了接口中的所有方法；但是类B没有必要实现operation4、operation5方法（同理：类D中operation2、operation3也是没必要实现的）现象就是：我们实现了接口中一些不必要的方法

1.1.1 改进方案：

• 类图

• 代码

public class InterfaceSegregationPrincipleTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        A1 aOne = new A1();
        B1 b1 =new B1();
        aOne.denpend1(b1);
        aOne.denpend2(b1);
        aOne.denpend3(b1);
        C1 c1 =new C1();
        D1 d1 =new D1();
        c1.denpend1(d1);
        c1.denpend4(d1);
        c1.denpend5(d1);

    }
}

interface InterfaceA1 {
    void operation1();
}

interface InterfaceA2 {
    void operation2();

    void operation3();
}

interface InterfaceA3 {
    void operation4();

    void operation5();
}

class B1 implements InterfaceA1, InterfaceA2 {

    @Override
    public void operation1() {
        System.out.println("B实现operation1");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation2() {
        System.out.println("B实现operation2");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation3() {
        System.out.println("B实现operation3");
    }
}

class D1 implements InterfaceA1, InterfaceA3 {

    @Override
    public void operation1() {
        System.out.println("D实现operation1");
    }


    @Override
    public void operation4() {
        System.out.println("D实现operation4");
    }

    @Override
    public void operation5() {
        System.out.println("D实现operation5");
    }
}

class A1 {
    public void denpend1(InterfaceA1 i) {
        i.operation1();
    }

    public void denpend2(InterfaceA2 i) {
        i.operation2();
    }

    public void denpend3(InterfaceA2 i) {
        i.operation3();
    }
}

class C1 {
    public void denpend1(InterfaceA1 i) {
        i.operation1();
    }

    public void denpend4(InterfaceA3 i) {
        i.operation4();
    }

    public void denpend5(InterfaceA3 i) {
        i.operation5();
    }
}

• 总结：

   核心思想：拆分接口，隔离接口

 

1.2 总结

接口隔离原则：

• 客户端不应该依赖它不需要的接口，即一个类对另一个类的依赖（如案例，类A通过接口依赖类B、类C通过接口依赖类D）应该建立在最小的接口上
• 保证最小接口（如果不是最小接口，接口对应的实现类就要实现不必要的方法，如类图一中，类B多余实现了operation4、operation5类D多余实现了operation2、operation3）
• 拆分接口（如改进后的接口InterfaceA1 、InterfaceA2、InterfaceA3）