【C++】实现万年历

<span style="font-size:18px;">/******************************************************************************************
Purpose:
声明并实现一个万年历类【腾讯面试题】

Author:
周蒙蒙

Created Time:
2015-8-19
******************************************************************************************/
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Date
{
public:
	// 初始化列表进行初始化。 
	//带缺省值的构造函数
	Date(int year = 1900, int month = 1, int day = 1)
		:_year(year),
		_month(month),
		_day(day)
	{	
		if (CheakDate()==0)
		{
			_year = 1900;
			_month = 1;
			_day = 1;
		}
	}
	//检查日期是否合法
	bool CheakDate()
	{
		if ((_year < 1) || (_month<0) || (_month)>12 || (_day)<0 || (_day)>GetMonthDay(_year, _month))
		{
			cout << "invaled date" << endl;
			return 0;
		}
		return 1;
	}
	//拷贝构造函数
	Date(const Date& d)
		: _year(d._year),
		_month(d._month),
		_day(d._day)
	{}
	//赋值操作符的重载
	Date& operator= (const Date& d)
	{
		if (*this != d)
		{
			_year = d._year;
			_month = d._month;
			_day = d._day;
		}
		return *this;
	}
	void Display()
	{
		cout << _year << "-" << _month << "-" << _day << endl;
	}
public:
	// 比较日期的运算符重载
	// 借鉴代码的复用
	bool operator == (const Date& d)
	{
		return _year == d._year &&
			_month == d._month &&
			_day == d._day;

	}
	bool operator != (const Date& d)
	{
		return !(*this == d);
	}
	bool operator > (const Date& d)
	{
		if (_year > d._year)
		{
			return 1;
		}
		if (_year == d._year)
		{
			if (_month > d._month)
			{
				return 1;
			}
			if (_month == d._month)
			{
				if (_day > d._day)
				{
					return 1;
				}
				if (_day == d._day)
				{
					return 0;
				}
			}
		}
		return 0;
	}
	bool operator >= (const Date& d)
	{
		return ((*this > d) || (*this == d));
	}
	bool operator < (const Date& d)
	{
		return !(*this >= d);
	}
	bool operator <= (const Date& d)
	{
		return !(*this>d);
	}
	//判断是否是闰年
	static int Leap_Year(int year)
	{
		if ((year % 400 == 0) || ((year % 4 == 0) && (year % 100 != 0)))
			return 1;
		else
			return 0;
	}
	//用数组比switch case 语句更简洁
	static int GetMonthDay(int year, int month)
	{
		static int Months[13] = { 0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 };
		if (Leap_Year(year) == 1)
		{
			Months[2] = 29;
		}
		else
		{
			Months[2] = 28;
		}
		return Months[month];
	}
	// 计算一个日期加减一个天数以后的日期。注意：加的天数有可能是负数
	Date operator+(int day)
	{
		Date d(*this);
		d._day += day;
		while (d._day<0)
		{
			if (d._month == 1)
			{
				d._year--;
				d._month = 12;
			}
			else
			{
				d._month--;
			}
			d._day += GetMonthDay(d._year, d._month);
		}
		while (d._day > GetMonthDay(d._year, d._month))
		{
			d._day -= GetMonthDay(d._year, d._month);
			if (d._month == 12)
			{
				d._year++;
				d._month = 1;
			}
			else
			{
				d._month++;
			}
		}
		return d;
	}
	Date operator-(int day)
	{
		Date d(*this);
		if (day < 0)
		{
			day = 0 - day;
			return *this + day;
		}
		d._day -= day;
		if (d._day < 0)
		{
			while (d._day<0)
			{
				if (d._month == 1)
				{
					d._year--;
					d._month = 12;
				}
				else
				{
					d._month--;
				}
				d._day += GetMonthDay(d._year, d._month);
			}
		}
		return d;
	}
	Date& operator-=(int day)
	{
		(*this) = (*this - day);
		return *this;
	}
	Date& operator+=(int day)
	{
		(*this) = (*this + day);
		return *this;
	}

	const Date& operator++()// 前置++
	{
		(*this) = (*this + 1);
		return *this;
	}
	Date operator++(int)		// 后置++
	{
		Date tmp(*this);
		(*this) = (*this + 1);
		return tmp;
	}
	const Date& operator--()	// 前置--
	{
		(*this) = (*this - 1);
		return *this;
	}
	Date operator--(int)		// 后置--
	{
		Date tmp(*this);
		(*this) = (*this - 1);
		return tmp;
	}

	// 两个日期相加没有意义
	// 计算两个日期相减以后的差的天数
	int operator-(const Date& d)
	{
		Date d1(*this);
		Date d2(d);
		if (d1 > d2)
		{
			d1 = d;
			d2 = *this;
		}
		int count = 0;
		while (d1 != d2)
		{
			d1++;
			++count;
		}
		return count;
	}
	friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, Date& d);
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Date& d);
private:
	int _year;
	int _month;
	int _day;

};
//输入运算符的重载
istream& operator>>(istream& is, Date& d)
{
	cout << "请依次输入年-月-日" << endl;
	is >> d._year;
	is >> d._month;
	is >> d._day;
	return is;
}
//输出运算符的重载
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Date& d)
{
	os << d._year << "-";
	os << d._month << "-";
	os << d._day;
	return os;
}
void PromptInfo()
{
	cout << "|**********日期计算器************|"<<endl;
	cout << "|********1.退后几天的日期 *******|"<< endl;
	cout << "|********2.计算日期差************|" << endl;
	cout << "|********0.退出******************|" << endl;
	cout << "|********************************|" << endl;
}

int main()
{
	Date d1, d2;
	while (1)
	{
		PromptInfo();
		int in = 0, day = 0;
		cout << "请选择:" << endl;
		cin >> in;
		switch (in)
		{
		case 0:
			cout << "Exit!" << endl;
			return 0;
		case 1:
			cin >> d1;
			if (d1.CheakDate()==0)
			{
				cout << "非法日期，请重新输入!" << endl;
				break;
			}
			cout << "请输入退后的天数" << endl;
			cin >> day;
			cout << d1 + day << endl;
			break;
		case 2:
			cin >> d1;
			if (d1.CheakDate()==0)
			{
				cout << "非法日期，请重新输入!" << endl;
				break;
			}
			cin >> d2;
			if (d2.CheakDate()==0)
			{
				cout << "非法日期，请重新输入!" << endl;
				break;
			}
			cout << d1 - d2 << endl;
			break;
		default:
			cout << "输入选项错误，请重新输入!" << endl;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}</span>