Java 核心技术（第八版）卷1：基础知识：抽象类例5-2P158

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
//本程序演示抽象类
public class PersonTest
{
    public static void main(String [] args)
    {
        Person[] people=new Person[2];
        //用 employee 和 student 填充这个数组
        people[0]=new Employee("Right Wang",50000,2000,10,10);
        people[1]=new Student("Little Finger","Computer Science");
        //打印一下
        for(Person p :people)
        System.out.println(p.getName()+","+p.getDescription());
    }

}
abstract class Person {
    public  Person(String n)
    {
        name=n;
    }
    public abstract String getDescription();
    public String getName()
    {
        return name;
    }

    private String name;
}
class Employee extends Person
{
    public Employee(String n,double s,int year,int month,int day)
    {
        //name=n;
        super(n);
        salary=s;
        GregorianCalendar calendar=new GregorianCalendar(year,month-1,day);
        hireDay=calendar.getTime();
    }
    /*public String getName()
    {
        return name;
    }
    */
    public double getSalary()
    {
        return  salary;
    }
    public Date getHireDay()
    {
        return hireDay;
    }
    public String getDescription()
    {
        return String.format("an employee with a salary of $%.2f",salary);
    }
    public void raiseSalary(double byPercent)
    {
        double raise=salary*byPercent/100;
        salary+=raise;
    }
   // private String name;
    private double salary;
    private Date hireDay;
}
class Student extends Person
{
    /*
    name
    major
     */
    public Student(String n,String m)
    {
        //传参数 n 给 超类的构造器
        super(n);
        major=m;

    }
    public  String getDescription()
    {
        return "a student majoring in "+major;
    }
    private String major;
}

解析：该例子中 声明了 抽象类 Person ，把名字作为共有字段，放在了Person类中，

雇员类和学生类均继承于Person类，

构造函数中首先用super（n），完成了name字段的初始化。

getDescription（）是抽象方法，抽象类中没有具体的实现

在雇员类和学生类中分别给予了实现。

运行结果：

Right Wang,an employee with a salary of $50000.00
Little Finger,a student majoring in Computer Science