bert、transformers、sentence-transformers关系

Transformer和RNN，CNN一样，是一种特征提取器，bert是使用了transformer的模型，transformers是汇总了很多使用Transformer模型的包，sentence-transformers则是是在transformers上面再进行了加工，用于求句子相识度

transformers：

• 情感分析(Sentiment analysis)：一段文本是正面还是负面的情感倾向
• 文本生成(Text generation)：给定一段文本，让模型补充后面的内容
• 命名实体识别(Name entity recognition)：识别文字中出现的人名地名的命名实体
• 问答(Question answering)：给定一段文本以及针对它的一个问题，从文本中抽取答案
• 填词(Filling masked text)：把一段文字的某些部分mask住，然后让模型填空
• 摘要(Summarization)：根据一段长文本中生成简短的摘要
• 翻译(Translation)：把一种语言的文字翻译成另一种语言
• 特征提取(Feature extraction)：把一段文字用一个向量来表示

import torch
from transformers  import AdamW
no_decay = ['bias', 'LayerNorm.weight']
optimizer_grouped_parameters = [
    {'params': [p for n, p in model.named_parameters() if not any(nd in n for nd in no_decay)], 'weight_decay': 0.01},
    {'params': [p for n, p in model.named_parameters() if any(nd in n for nd in no_decay)], 'weight_decay': 0.0}
]
optimizer = AdamW(optimizer_grouped_parameters, lr=1e-5)

labels = torch.tensor([1,0]).unsqueeze(0)
outputs = model(input_ids, attention_mask=attention_mask, labels=labels)
loss = outputs.loss
#调用一次backward和step就相当进行一次训练
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()

#也可以使用Trainer
from transformers import BertForSequenceClassification, Trainer, TrainingArguments
model = BertForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("bert-large-uncased")
training_args = TrainingArguments(
        output_dir='./results',          # output directory
    num_train_epochs=3,              # total # of training epochs
    per_device_train_batch_size=16,  # batch size per device during training
    per_device_eval_batch_size=64,   # batch size for evaluation
    warmup_steps=500,                # number of warmup steps for learning rate scheduler
    weight_decay=0.01,               # strength of weight decay
    logging_dir='./logs',            # directory for storing logs
)
trainer = Trainer(
    model=model,
    args=training_args,
    train_dataset=train_dataset,
    eval_dataset=test_dataset
)
trainer.train()
trainer.evaluate()

# 训练模型:核心：models,输入数据（DataLoader）,损失函数（losses）,评估函数（evaluation）
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer,models,InputExample,losses,evaluation
from torch.utils.data import  DataLoader 
word_embedding_model = models.Transformer(model_path)
pooling_model = models.Pooling(word_embedding_model.get_word_embedding_dimension())

model_path = r"E:\pycharm_project\xp-emb-train\xp-emb-train\models\chinese_roberta_L-4_H-256"
model = SentenceTransformer(model_path)

train_examples = [InputExample(texts=["my first example","my last example"],label=0.8)]
#定义训练数据
train_dataloader = DataLoader(sentence_examples,shuffle=True,batch_size=16)
#定义损失函数
train_loss = losses.CosineSimilarityLoss(model)
#模型训练
model.fit(train_objectives=[(train_dataloader, train_loss)], epochs=10, warmup_steps=100)