使用ifstream和getline读取文件内容

转自：http://hi.baidu.com/xaioxain/blog/item/f08d3a4c5003c2ffd72afce3.html

假设有一个叫 data.txt 的文件, 它包含以下内容: 

  Fry: One Jillion dollars.
 [Everyone gasps.]
 Auctioneer: Sir, that's not a number.
  数据读取， 测试 。

以下就是基于 data.txt 的数据读取操作:

  #include  <  iostream  > 
 #include  <  fstream  > 
 #include  < string > 
 
  using  namespace  std;
 
  //  输出空行 
  void  OutPutAnEmptyLine()
  {
      cout  <<  "  /n  "  ;
 } 
 
  //  读取方式: 逐词读取, 词之间用空格区分
  //  read data from the file, W ord B y W ord
  //  when used in this manner, we'll get space-delimited bits of text from the file
  //  but all of the whitespace that separated words (including newlines) was lost. 
  void  ReadDataFromFileWBW()
  {
      ifstream fin(  "  data.txt  "  );  
       string  s;  
       while  ( fin  >>  s ) 
     {    
          cout  <<  "  Read from file:  "  <<  s  <<  endl;  
      } 
 } 
 
  //  读取方式: 逐行读取, 将行读入字符数组, 行之间用回车换行区分
  //  If we were interested in preserving whitespace, 
  //  we could read the file in L ine-B y-L ine using the I/O getline() function. 
  void  ReadDataFromFileLBLIntoCharArray()
  {
      ifstream fin(  "  data.txt  "  ); 
       const  int  LINE_LENGTH  =  100  ; 
       char  str[LINE_LENGTH];  
       while  ( fin.getline(str,LINE_LENGTH) )
    {    
          cout  <<  "  Read from file:  "  <<  str  <<  endl;
      } 
 } 
 
  //  读取方式: 逐行读取, 将行读入字符串, 行之间用回车换行区分
  //  If you want to avoid reading into character arrays, 
  //  you can use the C++ string getline() function to read lines into strings 
  void  ReadDataFromFileLBLIntoString()
  {
      ifstream fin(  "  data.txt  "  );  
       string  s;  
       while  ( getline(fin,s) )
     {    
          cout  <<  "  Read from file:  "  <<  s  <<  endl; 
      } 
 } 
 
  //  带错误检测的读取方式
  //  Simply evaluating an I/O object in a boolean context will return false 
  //  if any errors have occurred 
  void  ReadDataWithErrChecking()
  {
       string  filename  =  "dataFUNNY  .txt  "  ;  
      ifstream fin( filename.c_str());  
       if  (  !  fin ) 
     {   
          cout  <<  "  Error opening  "  <<  filename  <<  "  for input  "  <<  endl;   
          exit(  -  1  );  
      } 
 } 
 
  int  main()
  {
      ReadDataFromFileWBW();  //  逐词读入字符串 
       OutPutAnEmptyLine();  //  输出空行 
 
      ReadDataFromFileLBLIntoCharArray();  //  逐词读入字符数组 
       OutPutAnEmptyLine();  //  输出空行 
 
      ReadDataFromFileLBLIntoString();  //  逐词读入字符串 
       OutPutAnEmptyLine();  //  输出空行 
 
      ReadDataWithErrChecking();  //  带检测的读取 
        return  0  ;
 }

输出结果为:

Read from file: Fry:
Read from file: One
Read from file: Jillion
Read from file: dollars.
Read from file: [Everyone
Read from file: gasps.]
Read from file: Auctioneer:
Read from file: Sir,
Read from file: that's
Read from file: not
Read from file: a
Read from file: number.
Read from file: 数据读取，
Read from file: 测试
Read from file: 。 

Read from file: Fry: One Jillion dollars.
Read from file: [Everyone gasps.]
Read from file: Auctioneer: Sir, that's not a number.
Read from file: 数据读取， 测试 。

Read from file: Fry: One Jillion dollars.
Read from file: [Everyone gasps.]
Read from file: Auctioneer: Sir, that's not a number.
Read from file: 数据读取， 测试 。

Error opening dataFUNNY.txt for input 
Press any key to continue