View的绘制流程
源码分析：
1.绘制入口
ActivityThread.handleResumeActivity
-->WindowManagerImpl.addView(decorView,layoutParams)
-->WindowManagerGlobal.addView()
2.绘制类以及方法
ViewRootImpl.setView(decorView,layoutParams,parentView)
-->ViewRootImpl.requestLayout()
-->scheduleTraversals()
-->doTraversal()
-->performTraversals()
3.绘制的三大步骤
测量：ViewRootImpl.performMeasure
布局: ViewRootImpl.performLayout
绘制：ViewRootImpl.performDraw
绘制入口
frameworks\base\core\java\android\app\ActivityThread.java
public final class ActivityThread {
...
private class H extends Handler {
...
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
switch (msg.what) {
case LAUNCH_ACTIVITY: {
final ActivityClientRecord r = (ActivityClientRecord) msg.obj;
r.packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck(
r.activityInfo.applicationInfo, r.compatInfo);
handleLaunchActivity(r, null, "LAUNCH_ACTIVITY");
...
} break;
...
}
}
深入handleLaunchActivity
private void handleLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent, String reason) {
...
//1.
Activity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent);
if (a != null) {
r.createdConfig = new Configuration(mConfiguration);
reportSizeConfigurations(r);
Bundle oldState = r.state;
//2. handleResumeActivity(r.token, false, r.isForward, !r.activity.mFinished && !r.startsNotResumed, r.lastProcessedSeq, reason);
}
}
总结：
- 起动一个Activity
- handleResumeActivity处理Activity
深入handleResumeActivity
final void handleResumeActivity(IBinder token,
boolean clearHide, boolean isForward, boolean reallyResume, int seq, String reason) {
...
2.1 回调activity onResume方法
// TODO Push resumeArgs into the activity for consideration
r = performResumeActivity(token, clearHide, reason);
...
if (r.window == null && !a.mFinished && willBeVisible) {
//2.2 获取windowManager以及decor
r.window = r.activity.getWindow();
View decor = r.window.getDecorView();
decor.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager();
WindowManager.LayoutParams l = r.window.getAttributes();
a.mDecor = decor;
l.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION;
l.softInputMode |= forwardBit;
...
if (a.mVisibleFromClient) {
if (!a.mWindowAdded) {
a.mWindowAdded = true;
//2.3添加DecorView中去
wm.addView(decor, l);
} else {
...
}
}
}
解析
- 回调activity onResume方法
- 获取windowManager以及decor
- 添加DecorView 以及WindowManager.LayoutParams到ViewManager
深入2.2 windowmanager是什么？
进入
//frameworks\base\core\java\android\app\ActivityThread.java
ViewManager wm = a.getWindowManager();
进入getWindowManager()
// frameworks\base\core\java\android\app\Activity.java
/** Retrieve the window manager for showing custom windows. */
public WindowManager getWindowManager() {
return mWindowManager;
}
private Window mWindow;
private WindowManager mWindowManager;
...
mWindowManager = mWindow.getWindowManager();
PhoneWindow是window的实现类
进入phonewindow
//frameworks\base\core\java\com\android\internal\policy\PhoneWindow.java
/**
* Return the window manager allowing this Window to display its own
* windows.
*
* @return WindowManager The ViewManager.
*/
public WindowManager getWindowManager() {
return mWindowManager;
}
子类没有实现。说明在父类实现。在window中找。
/frameworks\base\core\java\android\view\Window.java
mWindowManager = ((WindowManagerImpl)wm).createLocalWindowManager(this);
WindowManagerImpl 实现的接口就是ViewManager的子类WindowManager。
public final class WindowManagerImpl implements WindowManager {...}
public interface WindowManager extends ViewManager {}
WindowManagerImpl中就调用了addview()方法。
private final WindowManagerGlobal mGlobal = WindowManagerGlobal.getInstance();
@Override
public void addView(@NonNull View view, @NonNull ViewGroup.LayoutParams params) {
applyDefaultToken(params);
mGlobal.addView(view, params, mContext.getDisplay(), mParentWindow);
}
绘制类以及方法
深入2.3 addview
进入WindowManagerGlobal如何addview
private final ArrayList<View> mViews = new ArrayList<View>();
private final ArrayList<ViewRootImpl> mRoots = new ArrayList<ViewRootImpl>();
private final ArrayList<WindowManager.LayoutParams> mParams =
new ArrayList<WindowManager.LayoutParams>();
...
public void addView(View view, ViewGroup.LayoutParams params,
Display display, Window parentWindow) {
...
ViewRootImpl root;
View panelParentView = null;
synchronized (mLock) {
...
root = new ViewRootImpl(view.getContext(), display);
view.setLayoutParams(wparams);
mViews.add(view);
mRoots.add(root);
mParams.add(wparams);
// do this last because it fires off messages to start doing things
try {
//2.3.1
root.setView(view, wparams, panelParentView);
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
...
}
}
}
总结：
将root.setView（）将view，wparams，panelParentView 进行关联起来
深入2.3.1
// \android8.0\frameworks\base\core\java\android\view\ViewRootImpl.java
/**
* We have one child
*/
public void setView(View view, WindowManager.LayoutParams attrs, View panelParentView) {
synchronized (this) {
...
requestLayout();
...
}
进入
@Override
public void requestLayout() {
if (!mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest) {
checkThread();
mLayoutRequested = true;
2.3.1.1.执行方法
scheduleTraversals();
}
}
进入 2.3.1.1.执行方法
final TraversalRunnable mTraversalRunnable = new TraversalRunnable();
final class TraversalRunnable implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
//2.3.1.1.1
doTraversal();
}
}
...
void scheduleTraversals() {
if (!mTraversalScheduled) {
...
mChoreographer.postCallback(
Choreographer.CALLBACK_TRAVERSAL, mTraversalRunnable, null);
...
}
}
调用一个方法并且创建了线程
进入2.3.1.1.1查看doTraversal()方法
void doTraversal() {
if (mTraversalScheduled) {
...
performTraversals();
...
}
}
进入发现绘制的三大流程
private void performTraversals()
{ .
..
performMeasure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
...
performLayout(lp, mWidth, mHeight);
...
performDraw();
}
上半部分流程已经走完了
绘制的三大步骤
private void performTraversals()
{ .
..
//1
performMeasure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
...
//2
performLayout(lp, mWidth, mHeight);
...
//3
performDraw();
}
onMeasure的理解
进入1
//\android8.0\frameworks\base\core\java\android\view\ViewRootImpl.java
View mView;
...
private void performMeasure(int childWidthMeasureSpec, int childHeightMeasureSpec) {
if (mView == null) {
return;
}
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "measure");
try {
//1.1
mView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
}
}
进入1.1 View中的measure
public final void measure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
..
if (forceLayout || needsLayout) {
// first clears the measured dimension flag
mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_MEASURED_DIMENSION_SET; resolveRtlPropertiesIfNeeded();
int cacheIndex = forceLayout ? -1 : mMeasureCache.indexOfKey(key);
if (cacheIndex < 0 || sIgnoreMeasureCache) {
// measure ourselves, this should set the measured dimension flag back
//1.1.1 onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT;
} else {
...
}
}
...
mOldWidthMeasureSpec = widthMeasureSpec;
mOldHeightMeasureSpec = heightMeasureSpec;
mMeasureCache.put(key, ((long) mMeasuredWidth) << 32 |
(long) mMeasuredHeight & 0xffffffffL); // suppress sign extension
}
总结：
- 取缓存
- 调用onMesure()方法
- 缓存没读到进行重置
进入1.1.1 onMeasure方法中
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
1.1.1.1
setMeasuredDimension(getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumWidth(), widthMeasureSpec),
getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumHeight(), heightMeasureSpec));
}
进入1.1.1.1 setMeasuredDimension方法
protected final void setMeasuredDimension(int measuredWidth, int measuredHeight) {
boolean optical = isLayoutModeOptical(this);
if (optical != isLayoutModeOptical(mParent)) {
Insets insets = getOpticalInsets();
int opticalWidth = insets.left + insets.right;
int opticalHeight = insets.top + insets.bottom;
measuredWidth += optical ? opticalWidth : -opticalWidth;
measuredHeight += optical ? opticalHeight : -opticalHeight;
}
//1.1.1.1.1
setMeasuredDimensionRaw(measuredWidth, measuredHeight);
}
进入1.1.1.1.1 setMeasuredDimensionRaw()
private void setMeasuredDimensionRaw(int measuredWidth, int measuredHeight) {
mMeasuredWidth = measuredWidth;
mMeasuredHeight = measuredHeight;
mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_MEASURED_DIMENSION_SET;
}
对这
mMeasuredWidth = measuredWidth;
mMeasuredHeight = measuredHeight;
两个成员变量进行赋值。
onMeasure ：测量宽高
宽高的理解
onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
View = 模式（前两位） + 尺寸（后30位） -> MeasureSpec 32为int值
其中
模式：SpecMode
尺寸: SpecSize
00 000000000000000000000000000000
MeasureSpec 理解
mode+size -> MeasureSpec
android8.0\frameworks\base\core\java\android\view\View.java
public static class MeasureSpec {
private static final int MODE_SHIFT = 30;
private static final int MODE_MASK = 0x3 << MODE_SHIFT;
public static final int UNSPECIFIED = 0 << MODE_SHIFT;
public static final int EXACTLY = 1 << MODE_SHIFT;
public static final int AT_MOST = 2 << MODE_SHIFT;
public static int makeMeasureSpec(@IntRange(from = 0, to = (1 << MeasureSpec.MODE_SHIFT) - 1) int size, @MeasureSpecMode int mode) {
//是否是旧模式
if (sUseBrokenMakeMeasureSpec) {
return size + mode;
} else {
//主要看这个
//size & ~MODE_MASK 将前两位值取消
//返回的意思是size的后30位+ mode的前两位
return (size & ~MODE_MASK) | (mode & MODE_MASK);
}
}
public static int makeSafeMeasureSpec(int size, int mode) {
if (sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec && mode == UNSPECIFIED) {
return 0;
}
return makeMeasureSpec(size, mode);
}
//取前两位
@MeasureSpecMode
public static int getMode(int measureSpec) {
//noinspection ResourceType
return (measureSpec & MODE_MASK);
}
//直接取后30位
public static int getSize(int measureSpec) {
return (measureSpec & ~MODE_MASK);
}
}
MeasureSpec中的成员定义
- public static final int UNSPECIFIED = 0 << MODE_SHIFT;
- 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
- 表示 ：父容器不对View做任何限制，系统内部使用
- public static final int EXACTLY = 1 << MODE_SHIFT;
- 01000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
- 精确模式
- 表示：父容器检测出View的大小，View的最终大小就是 SpecSize
- 对应的布局
属性是：LayoutPamras.match_parent 或者是 固定大小
- public static final int AT_MOST = 2 << MODE_SHIFT;
- 10000000 00000000
00000000 00000000 - 最大模式
- 表示父容器会指定一个可用大小，View的大小不能超过这个值
- 对应的布局属性是：LayoutPamras.wrap_content
- 10000000 00000000
MeasureSpec中的方法
- makeMeasureSpec(int size, int mode)
- d
- makeSafeMeasureSpec
- getMode 后30位
- getSize 前2位
DecorView的测量 MeasureSpec 的规则
performTraversals()方法中:
android8.0\frameworks\base\core\java\android\view\ViewRootImpl.java
public final class ViewRootImpl implements ViewParent,
View.AttachInfo.Callbacks, ThreadedRenderer.DrawCallbacks {
int mWidth;
int mHeight;
...
final WindowManager.LayoutParams mWindowAttributes = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
private void performTraversals() {
WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = mWindowAttributes;
...
int childWidthMeasureSpec = getRootMeasureSpec(mWidth, lp.width);
int childHeightMeasureSpec = getRootMeasureSpec(mHeight, lp.height);
...
// Ask host how big it wants to be
performMeasure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
}
}
DecorView的performMeasure()是由
childWidthMeasureSpec
childHeightMeasureSpec
两个属性决定的。
查看getRootMeasureSpec()方法
private static int getRootMeasureSpec(int windowSize, int rootDimension) {
int measureSpec;
switch (rootDimension) {
case ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT:
// Window can't resize. Force root view to be windowSize.
measureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(windowSize, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
break;
case ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT:
// Window can resize. Set max size for root view.
measureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(windowSize, MeasureSpec.AT_MOST);
break;
default:
// Window wants to be an exact size. Force root view to be that size.
measureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(rootDimension, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
break;
}
return measureSpec;
}
DecorView的测量总结：
MeasureSpec是由窗口的大小和自身的LayoutParams所决定的遵守如下规则：
- 如果DecorView的LayoutParams是：LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT。精确模式，它的尺寸是窗口大
小。 - 如果DecorView的LayoutParams是LayoutParams.WARP_CONTENT。最大模式，最大为窗口大小
- 如果DecorView的LayoutParams给的是固定大小，精确模式，大小为LayoutParams的大小。
View的测量
深入
performMeasure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
private void performMeasure(int childWidthMeasureSpec, int childHeightMeasureSpec) {
if (mView == null) {
return;
}
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "measure");
try {
mView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
}
}
进入到了View的measure
public final void measure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
if (forceLayout || needsLayout) {
...
int cacheIndex = forceLayout ? -1 : mMeasureCache.indexOfKey(key);
if (cacheIndex < 0 || sIgnoreMeasureCache) {
//再次调用onMeasure方法 onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT;
} else {
...
}
}
}
DecorView继承FrameLayout。查看其中的onMeasure方法
android8.0\frameworks\base\core\java\android\widget\FrameLayout.java
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
int count = getChildCount();
final boolean measureMatchParentChildren =
MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ||
MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
mMatchParentChildren.clear();
int maxHeight = 0;
int maxWidth = 0;
int childState = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
final View child = getChildAt(i);
if (mMeasureAllChildren || child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
//1.
measureChildWithMargins(child, widthMeasureSpec, 0, heightMeasureSpec, 0);
final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
maxWidth = Math.max(maxWidth,
child.getMeasuredWidth() + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin);
maxHeight = Math.max(maxHeight,
child.getMeasuredHeight() + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin);
childState = combineMeasuredStates(childState, child.getMeasuredState());
if (measureMatchParentChildren) {
if (lp.width == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT ||
lp.height == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
mMatchParentChildren.add(child);
}
}
}
}
...
setMeasuredDimension(resolveSizeAndState(maxWidth, widthMeasureSpec, childState),
resolveSizeAndState(maxHeight, heightMeasureSpec,
childState << MEASURED_HEIGHT_STATE_SHIFT));
进入 //1.
protected void measureChildWithMargins(View child,
int parentWidthMeasureSpec, int widthUsed,
int parentHeightMeasureSpec, int heightUsed) {
final MarginLayoutParams lp = (MarginLayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
final int childWidthMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentWidthMeasureSpec,
mPaddingLeft + mPaddingRight + lp.leftMargin + lp.rightMargin
+ widthUsed, lp.width);
final int childHeightMeasureSpec = getChildMeasureSpec(parentHeightMeasureSpec,
mPaddingTop + mPaddingBottom + lp.topMargin + lp.bottomMargin
+ heightUsed, lp.height);
child.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
}
进入getChildMeasureSpec()
//spec 是指父控件的MeasureSpec
//padding 是指当前父容器已经使用的空间
//childDimension是指子控件的布局参数对应的尺寸
public static int getChildMeasureSpec(int spec, int padding, int childDimension) {
int specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(spec);
int specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(spec);
int size = Math.max(0, specSize - padding);
int resultSize = 0;
int resultMode = 0;
switch (specMode) {
// Parent has imposed an exact size on us
case MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
if (childDimension >= 0) {
resultSize = childDimension;
resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
// Child wants to be our size. So be it.
resultSize = size;
resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
// Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be
// bigger than us.
resultSize = size;
resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
}
break;
// Parent has imposed a maximum size on us
case MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
if (childDimension >= 0) {
// Child wants a specific size... so be it
resultSize = childDimension;
resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
// Child wants to be our size, but our size is not fixed.
// Constrain child to not be bigger than us.
resultSize = size;
resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
// Child wants to determine its own size. It can't be
// bigger than us.
resultSize = size;
resultMode = MeasureSpec.AT_MOST;
}
break;
// Parent asked to see how big we want to be
case MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
if (childDimension >= 0) {
// Child wants a specific size... let him have it
resultSize = childDimension;
resultMode = MeasureSpec.EXACTLY;
} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT) {
// Child wants to be our size... find out how big it should
// be
resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;
resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;
} else if (childDimension == LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT) {
// Child wants to determine its own size.... find out how
// big it should be
resultSize = View.sUseZeroUnspecifiedMeasureSpec ? 0 : size;
resultMode = MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED;
}
break;
}
//noinspection ResourceType
return MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(resultSize, resultMode);
}
View的测量总结：
View的测量- 确定View的MeaSureSpec
View的MeasureSpec的获取是由父容器MeasureSpec和自身的LayoutParams决定的。
总结
-
对于ViewGroup的测量
- measure->onMeasure(测量子控件宽高)->setMeasureDimension->setMeasureDimensionRaw(保存自己的宽高)
-
对于view的测量
- measure->onMeasure（不需要）->setMeasureDimension->setMeasureDimensionRaw(保存自己的宽高)
-
区别：
子控件不需要测量子控件的宽高。通过onMeasure中的一系列方法获得自身的宽高 -
注：
自定义view的时
候。我们需要去重写onMeasure（）方法去重新确定view的宽高，否则布局文件中写
wrap_content和match_content的效果是一样的。
performLayout理解
WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = mWindowAttributes;
//顶层布局属性 宽高
performLayout(lp, mWidth, mHeight);
进入
private void performLayout(WindowManager.LayoutParams lp, int desiredWind
owWidth,
int desiredWindowHeight) {
...
final View host = mView;
...
host.layout(0, 0, host.getMeasuredWidth(), host.getMeasuredHeight
());
...
mInLayout = false;
}
进入host.layout
public void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) {
...
int oldL = mLeft;
int oldT = mTop;
int oldB = mBottom;
int oldR = mRight;
boolean changed = isLayoutModeOptical(mParent) ?
setOpticalFrame(l, t, r, b) :
//通过这个来确定
setFrame(l, t, r, b);
...
onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);
....
}
摆放空间的上下左右的值
调用onLayout方法
protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
}
如果是ViewGroup类型，需要调用onLayout确定子View的位置。
FrameLayout的onLayout（）方法中：
它会先调用一个layoutChildren（）这个方法，这个方法就是去遍历我们的子view，对子view的控
件位置摆放，然后又会去执行child.layout（）方法 形成了递归的操作。
performDraw理解
private void performDraw() {
...
try {
draw(fullRedrawNeeded);
} finally {
mIsDrawing = false;
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
}
...
}
进入draw
private void draw(boolean fullRedrawNeeded) {
...
if (!drawSoftware(surface, mAttachInfo, xOffset, yOffset, scalingRequired, dirty)) {
return;
}
...
}
进入drawSoftware
private boolean drawSoftware(Surface surface, AttachInfo attachInfo, int
xoff, int yoff,
boolean scalingRequired, Rect dirty) {
...
mView.draw（canvas）
...
}
进入mView.draw()
@CallSuper
public void draw(Canvas canvas) {
final int privateFlags = mPrivateFlags;
final boolean dirtyOpaque = (privateFlags & PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK) == PFLAG_DIRTY_OPAQUE &&
(mAttachInfo == null || !mAttachInfo.mIgnoreDirtyState);
mPrivateFlags = (privateFlags & ~PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK) | PFLAG_DRAWN;
/*
* Draw traversal performs several drawing steps which must be executed
* in the appropriate order:
*
* 1. Draw the background
* 2. If necessary, save the canvas' layers to prepare for fading
* 3. Draw view's content
* 4. Draw children
* 5. If necessary, draw the fading edges and restore layers
* 6. Draw decorations (scrollbars for instance)
*/
列出了6个步骤
如果需要对子控件进行绘制，我们查看一下ViewGroup 中 dispatchDraw（） 方法
同样是对子控件进行遍历，然后调用child.draw()方法
总结
-
ViewGroup的绘制流程
- 绘制背景 drawBackground（canvas）
- 绘制自己 onDraw（canvas）
- 子view dispatchDraw()
- 绘制前景，滚动条等装饰 onDrawForeground（canvas）
-
View的绘制流程
- 绘制背景 drawBackground（canvas）
- 子view dispatchDraw()
- 绘制前景，滚动条等装饰 onDrawForeground（canvas）
在自定义开发
需要去实现onMeasure（）—> onLayout() — onDraw（）
- 如果是自定义ViewGroup方法
- onMeasure（）—> onLayout () — onDraw（）
- 如果是自定义view的方法
- onLayout方法不用 去实现，而onDraw()方法可选。
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