Android自定义控件View(一)自绘控件

转自:http://blog.csdn.net/feiduclear_up/article/details/46009333

虽然Android API给我们提供了众多控件View来使用,但是鉴于Android的开发性,自然少不了根据需求自定义控件View了。比如说QQ头像是圆形的,但是纵观整个Android控件也找不到一个加载圆形图片的Button或者ImageView,那么咋办?废话,肯定是自定义一个圆形RoundImageView控件啦!这里我们可以继承ImageView重写里面的方法来实现这一效果。还有一种自定义控件是继承View重写里面的onDraw()方法,这类自定义View需要定义自己的属性以备在xml布局文件中使用。

自定义View的步骤

  1. 自定义View的属性
  2. 在自定义View的构造方法中获得View属性值
  3. 重写onMeasure(int,int)方法。(该方法可重写可不重写,具体看需求)
  4. 重写onDraw(Canvas canvas)方法。
  5. 在xml布局文件中如何使用自定义view的属性?

自定义View的属性

在res/values下面新建attrs.xml属性文件。我们看看atrrs.xml文件怎么写?

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">resources</span>></span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--name 是自定义属性名,一般采用驼峰命名,可以随意。 format 是属性的单位--></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"titleSize"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">format</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"dimension"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span>></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"titleText"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">format</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"string"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span>></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"titleColor"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">format</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"color"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span>></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"titleBackgroundColor"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">format</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"color"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span>></span>

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--name 是自定义控件的类名--></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">declare-styleable</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"MyCustomView"</span>></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"titleSize"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span>></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"titleText"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span>></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"titleColor"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span>></span>
        <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"titleBackgroundColor"</span>></span><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">attr</span>></span>
    <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">declare-styleable</span>></span>
<span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">resources</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>

自定义属性分两步:

  1. 定义公共属性
  2. 定义控件的主题样式

如上面的xml文件第一部分是公共的属性,第二部分是自定义控件MyCustomView的主题样式,该主题样式里的属性必须包含在公共属性里面。言外之意就是公共属性可以被多个自定义控件主题样式使用。有些人可能会纠结format字段后面都有哪些属性单位?如果你是使用AS开发的话IDE会自动有提示,基本包括如下: 
dimension(字体大小)string(字符串)color(颜色)boolean(布尔类型)float(浮点型)integer(整型)enmu(枚举)fraction(百分比)等。不了解的可以百度一把。

获得View属性值

自定义View一般需要实现一下三个构造方法

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">MyCustomView</span>(Context context) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>(context, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>);
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">MyCustomView</span>(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>(context, attrs, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">MyCustomView</span>(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> defStyleAttr) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>

从代码中不难看出,这三个构造方法是层调用一层的,是个递进关系,因此,我们只需要在最后一个构造方法中来获得View的属性了。看代码:

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> public MyCustomView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>

        final Resources<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.Theme</span> theme = context<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getTheme</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
        TypedArray a = theme<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.obtainStyledAttributes</span>(attrs,
                R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.styleable</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.MyCustomView</span>, defStyleAttr, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
        if (null != a) {
            int n = a<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getIndexCount</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
            for (int i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">; i < n; i++) {</span>
                int attr = a<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getIndex</span>(i)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
                switch (attr) {
                    case R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.styleable</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.MyCustomView</span>_titleColor:
                        titleColor = a<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getColor</span>(attr, Color<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.BLACK</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
                    case R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.styleable</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.MyCustomView</span>_titleSize:
                        titleSize = a<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getDimensionPixelSize</span>(attr, titleSize)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
                    case R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.styleable</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.MyCustomView</span>_titleText:
                        titleText = a<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getString</span>(attr)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
                    case R<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.styleable</span><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.MyCustomView</span>_titleBackgroundColor:
                        titleBackgroundColor = a<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.getColor</span>(attr, Color<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.WHITE</span>)<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
                }
            }
            a<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">.recycle</span>()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
            init()<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">;</span>
        }
    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li></ul>

第一步通过theme.obtainStyledAttributes()方法获得自定义控件的主题样式数组。第二步就是遍历每个属性来获得对应属性的值,也就是我们在xml布局文件中写的属性值。注意:在分支case里R.styleable.后面的属性名称有一个规则:控件的样式主题名 +“_”+ 属性名,循环结束之后记得调用a.recycle()回收资源。至此就获得了自定义控件的属性值了。至于为什么这样来获得属性值?具体可以参考Android 系统的TextView源码里的构造方法。

重写onDraw()方法来绘制View控件

这一步进行的操作是将你需要显示的控件View的内容绘制到画布Canvas上面。例如我们在一个圆里面写字,先来效果图

这里写图片描述

onDraw方法实现如下:

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">.............
 <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     * 初始化
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">init</span>() {
        mPaint = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        mPaint.setTextSize(titleSize);
        <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
         * 得到自定义View的titleText内容的宽和高
         */</span>
        mBound = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Rect();
        mPaint.getTextBounds(titleText, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, titleText.length(), mBound);
    }
................
<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDraw</span>(Canvas canvas) {
        mPaint.setColor(titleBackgroundColor);
        canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>f, getWidth() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>f, getWidth() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>f, mPaint);
        mPaint.setColor(titleColor);
        canvas.drawText(titleText, getWidth() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> - mBound.width() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>, getHeight() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> + mBound.height() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>, mPaint);
    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li></ul>

先new一个Paint实例初始化画笔,给画笔设置文字大小,然后先给画笔设置一个背景颜色,在画一个圆,再次设置画笔的文字颜色,在绘制字符串到画布,最后就得到如上图片的效果了。

布局中使用自定义View

使用自定义View控件需要在根布局中添加xmlns:custom=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto”命名空间。其中前缀名:”custom” 也是自定义的,可以是除了被Android系统使用过的字眼以外的任何字符串,自然你这里了也可以写成“myCustom”。不知道在Android哪个版本之前命名控件是这样应用的xmlns:custom=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.xjp.customview。res/后面的是自定义控件所在的包名。当然只要你代码不报错两种命名空间都是可以的。只是我用的AS开发,然后targetSdkVersion是21,因此我用的是第一种命名空间。

代码如下:

<code class="hljs vbnet has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><RelativeLayout xmlns:android=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>
    xmlns:<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">custom</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"</span>
    xmlns:tools=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"http://schemas.android.com/tools"</span>
    android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"match_parent"</span>
    android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"match_parent"</span>
    tools:context=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">".MainActivity"</span>>

    <com.xjp.customview.MyCustomView
        android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span>
        android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"match_parent"</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">custom</span>:titleColor=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@android:color/black"</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">custom</span>:titleSize=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"25sp"</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">custom</span>:titleBackgroundColor=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"#ff0000"</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">custom</span>:titleText=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"自定义的View"</span> />

</RelativeLayout></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>

从上面的代码你会发现,凡是自定义的属性使用时候的前缀是命名空间名称 custom。

至此,整个自定义View的流程就跑通了。贴出整个代码部分如下:

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.xjp.customview;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.content.Context;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.content.res.Resources;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.content.res.TypedArray;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.graphics.Canvas;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.graphics.Color;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.graphics.Paint;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.graphics.Rect;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.util.AttributeSet;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.view.View;

<span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
 * Description:自定义控件View
 * User: xjp
 * Date: 2015/5/27
 * Time: 14:50
 */</span>

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">MyCustomView</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">View</span> {</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String TAG = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"MyCustomView"</span>;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> DEBUG = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> String titleText = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Hello world"</span>;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> titleColor = Color.BLACK;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> titleBackgroundColor = Color.WHITE;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> titleSize = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Paint mPaint;
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> Rect mBound;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">MyCustomView</span>(Context context) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>(context, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>);
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">MyCustomView</span>(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>(context, attrs, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);
    }

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">MyCustomView</span>(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> defStyleAttr) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);

        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Resources.Theme theme = context.getTheme();
        TypedArray a = theme.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,
                R.styleable.MyCustomView, defStyleAttr, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> != a) {
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> n = a.getIndexCount();
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < n; i++) {
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> attr = a.getIndex(i);
                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (attr) {
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> R.styleable.MyCustomView_titleColor:
                        titleColor = a.getColor(attr, Color.BLACK);
                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> R.styleable.MyCustomView_titleSize:
                        titleSize = a.getDimensionPixelSize(attr, titleSize);
                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> R.styleable.MyCustomView_titleText:
                        titleText = a.getString(attr);
                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> R.styleable.MyCustomView_titleBackgroundColor:
                        titleBackgroundColor = a.getColor(attr, Color.WHITE);
                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
                }
            }
            a.recycle();
            init();
        }
    }

    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     * 初始化
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">init</span>() {
        mPaint = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Paint(Paint.ANTI_ALIAS_FLAG);
        mPaint.setTextSize(titleSize);
        <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
         * 得到自定义View的titleText内容的宽和高
         */</span>
        mBound = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Rect();
        mPaint.getTextBounds(titleText, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, titleText.length(), mBound);
    }


    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onDraw</span>(Canvas canvas) {
        mPaint.setColor(titleBackgroundColor);
        canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>f, getWidth() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>f, getWidth() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>f, mPaint);
        mPaint.setColor(titleColor);
        canvas.drawText(titleText, getWidth() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> - mBound.width() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>, getHeight() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> + mBound.height() / <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>, mPaint);
    }
}
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">76</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">77</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">78</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">79</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">80</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">81</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">82</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">83</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">84</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">85</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">86</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">87</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">88</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">89</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">90</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">91</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">92</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">93</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">69</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">70</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">71</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">72</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">73</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">74</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">75</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">76</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">77</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">78</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">79</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">80</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">81</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">82</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">83</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">84</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">85</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">86</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">87</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">88</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">89</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">90</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">91</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">92</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">93</li></ul>

运行结果图: 
这里写图片描述 
细心的你会发现,跟我们上面预期的效果图有不一样啊?怎么回事?布局大小的问题?

<code class="hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-label" style="box-sizing: border-box;">android:</span>layout_width=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span>
<span class="hljs-label" style="box-sizing: border-box;">android:</span>layout_height=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"match_parent"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

从布局大小来看宽度应该包裹内容,但是却充满了整个屏幕。接下来我们就要想到其实我们在自定义View的流程中还有一个onMeasure方法没有重写。

重写onMeasure控制View大小

当你没有重写onMeasure方法时候,系统调用默认的onMeasure方法。

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onMeasure</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> widthMeasureSpec, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> heightMeasureSpec) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

这个方法的作用是:测量控件的大小。其实Android系统在加载布局的时候是由系统测量各子View的大小来告诉父View我需要占多大空间,然后父View会根据自己的大小来决定分配多大空间给子View。那从上面的效果来看:当你在布局中设置View的大小为”wrap_content”时,其实系统测量出来的大小是“match_parent”。为什么会是这样子呢?那得从MeasureSpec的specMode模式说起了。一共有三种模式:

  1. MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:父视图希望子视图的大小是specSize中指定的大小;一般是设置了明确的值或者是MATCH_PARENT
  2. MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:子视图的大小最多是specSize中的大小;表示子布局限制在一个最大值内,一般为WARP_CONTENT
  3. MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:父视图不对子视图施加任何限制,子视图可以得到任意想要的大小;表示子布局想要多大就多大,很少使用。

我们跳进源码看看系统默认的 super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);是怎么实现的

<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onMeasure</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> widthMeasureSpec, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> heightMeasureSpec) {
        setMeasuredDimension(getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumWidth(), widthMeasureSpec),
                getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumHeight(), heightMeasureSpec));
    }
..................

 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getDefaultSize</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> size, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> measureSpec) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> result = size;
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> specMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(measureSpec);
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> specSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);

        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (specMode) {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED:
            result = size;
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MeasureSpec.AT_MOST:
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MeasureSpec.EXACTLY:
            result = specSize;
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;
        }
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> result;
    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li></ul>

从上面的代码getDefaultSize()方法中看出,原来MeasureSpec.AT_MOST和MeasureSpec.EXACTLY走的是同一个分支,也就是父视图希望子视图的大小是specSize中指定的大小。

<code class="hljs fix has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">int specSize </span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"> MeasureSpec.getSize(measureSpec);</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

得出来的默认值就是填充整个父布局。因此,不管你布局大小是”wrap_content”还是“match_parent”效果都是充满整个父布局。那我想要”wrap_content”的效果怎么办?不着急,只有重写onMeasure方法了。

<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onMeasure</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> widthMeasureSpec, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> heightMeasureSpec) {
        <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
         * 测量模式
         */</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> widthMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
         * 父布局希望子布局的大小,如果布局里面设置的是固定值,这里取布局里面的固定值和父布局大小值中的最小值.
         * 如果设置的是match_parent,则取父布局的大小
         */</span>
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> widthSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> heightMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> heightSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);

        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (DEBUG)
            Log.e(TAG, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"the widthSize:"</span> + widthSize + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" the heightSize"</span> + heightSize);

        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> width;
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> height;
        Rect mBounds = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Rect();
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (widthMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
            width = widthSize;
        } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {
            mPaint.setTextSize(titleSize);
            mPaint.getTextBounds(titleText, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, titleText.length(), mBounds);
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> textWidth = mBounds.width();
            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> desired = (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>) (getPaddingLeft() + textWidth + getPaddingRight());
            width = desired;
        }

        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (heightMode == MeasureSpec.EXACTLY) {
            height = heightSize;
        } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {

            height = width;
        }
        <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
         * 最后调用父类方法,把View的大小告诉父布局。
         */</span>
        setMeasuredDimension(width, height);
    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li></ul>

这样就可以实现第一张图片的效果了。解释都在代码里了。

源码下载


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