使用语法分析器对SQL进行解析

              以下是本人的开源项目santr，一个类似antlr的语法分析器：

              URL: https://github.com/szlwin/santr

              本人基于santr工具对SQL进行解析，首先建立语法树，并将其保存为ExprSQL.ls，其具体内容如下(注：其未全部实现SQL语法，只实现了较常用的语法，且语法并不正确，只是作为示例)：

 grammar ExprSQL;
    prog : sqlExpr;

    @@KEYWORD :
         K_SELECT  'select'
         K_FROM    'from'
         k_WHERE   'where'
         K_AS      'as'
         K_LEFT    'left'
         K_RIGHT   'right'
         K_INNER   'inner'
         K_JOIN    'join'
         K_CROSS   'cross'
         K_NATURAL 'natural'
         K_OUTER   'outer'
         K_FULL    'full'
         K_ON      'on'
         K_AND     'and'
         K_OR      'or'
         K_LIKE    'like'
         K_L       '\'%\''
         K_UNION   'union'
         K_ALL     'all'
         K_EXCEPT  'except'
         K_DISTINCT 'distinct'
         K_NULL     'null'
         K_GROUP    'group'
         K_BY       'by'
         K_HAVING   'having'
         K_ORDER    'order'
         K_OFFSET   'offset'
         K_LIMIT    'limit'
         K_BETWEEN  'between'
         K_NOT      'not'
         K_IN       'in'
         K_IS       'is'
         K_DELETE   'delete'
         K_INSERT   'insert'
         K_INTO     'into'
         K_UPDATE   'update'
         K_SET      'set'
         K_EXISTS   'exists'
    ;

    sqlExpr: selectExpr
         | deleteExpr
         | insertExpr
         | updateExpr
    ;

    selectExpr : K_SELECT columnInfo K_FROM tableInfo (condition)? (groupInfo)? (pageInfo)? (queryInfo)*
    ;

    insertExpr : K_INSERT K_INTO ID '(' iTargetInfo ')' 'values' '(' ivalueInfo ')'
    ;

    iTargetInfo: expr (',' expr)*
    ;

    ivalueInfo : expr (',' expr)*
    ;

    updateExpr : K_UPDATE tableElement K_SET uValueInfo (condition)?
    ;
    uValueInfo: signleValueInfo (',' signleValueInfo)*
    ;

    signleValueInfo : columnElement '=' expr
    ;
    deleteExpr : K_DELETE K_FROM tableInfo (condition)?
    ;

    condition: k_WHERE sqlCondition
    ;

    groupInfo: K_GROUP K_BY columnElement (',' columnElement)*  (nextInfo)?
    ;

    nextInfo:orderInfo
        | havingInfo
    ;

    queryInfo : (K_UNION|K_EXCEPT) (K_ALL|K_DISTINCT)? selectExpr
    ;

    orderInfo: K_ORDER K_BY columnElement (',' columnElement)*
    ;

    havingInfo: K_HAVING (sqlCondition)+
    ;

    columnInfo : column (',' column)*
    ;
    column : '*'
         | ID '.*'
         |  columnElement  ('as' ID)?
    ;

    tableInfo : table (',' table)*
    ;

    table : tableElement (JOIN_INFO)*
    ;

    tableElement : ID (ID)?
             | '(' selectExpr ')' ID
    ;

    JOIN_INFO : (K_FULL|K_LEFT|K_RIGHT|K_INNER) (K_OUTER)? K_JOIN table K_ON expr
         | K_CROSS K_JOIN table
         | K_UNION K_JOIN table
    ;

    sqlCondition : expr
    ;
              
    expr : expr ('*'|'/') expr
         | expr ('+'|'-') expr
         | expr ('='|'!='|'>='|'<='|'>'|'<') expr
         | expr K_LIKE likeExpr
         | expr (K_AND|K_OR) expr
         | K_NULL
         | isInfo
         | betweenInfo
         | inInfo
         | existsInfo
         | fun
         | ID ('.' ID)*
         | '#' ID ('.' ID)*
         | INT
         | '(' exprElement ')'
         | STRINGTEXT
    ;
    isInfo :expr K_IS (K_NOT)? K_NULL
    ;

    betweenInfo:expr (K_NOT)? K_BETWEEN expr K_AND expr
    ;

    inInfo :expr (K_NOT)? K_IN '(' inValue ')'
    ;

    existsInfo : (K_NOT)? K_EXISTS '(' selectExpr ')'
    ;

    inValue : expr (',' expr)*
        | selectExpr
    ;

    likeExpr : K_L expr K_L
         | expr K_L
    ;

    exprElement : expr
            |selectExpr
    ;

    columnElement : fun
         | '(' selectExpr ')'
         | ID ('.' ID)?
    ;

    fun: ID '(' (array)? ')'
    ;

    array: param (',' param)*
    ;

    param: ID
           | INT
           | expr
           | '*'
    ;

    pageInfo : (K_OFFSET INT)? K_LIMIT INT
    ;

    @ID : #STRING;
    @INT : #NUMBER;
    @STRINGTEXT : '\'' #STRING '\'';
    WS  : [ \t\r\n];

      之后编写以下程序对SQL进行解析：

     

import santr.common.context.LexerUtil;
import santr.v4.parser.ExpressParser;
import santr.view.parser.TreeViewer;


public class TestSQLExpr {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		//路径自己定义
		LexerUtil.load("sqlExpr", "demo/v2/ExprSQL.ls");
		
		//编写SQL语句
		String sql= "select	*  from   c left join (select * from  b) b on c.id=b.id where c  like '%' #asd '%' "
				+ "and aa like '%' aa '%' group by a.sd,sd.dd having sd.dd>1 and df.dd =2 offset 1 limit 1 "
				+ "union all select * from a union all select * from a";
		
		ExpressParser lexerExecuter = new ExpressParser();
		lexerExecuter.parser("sqlExpr", sql);
		
		
	    TreeViewer viewer = new TreeViewer(lexerExecuter.getTree());
	    viewer.open();
	}

}

       执行以上程序后可得到以下结果：