MC9S12XEP 的bootloader解析

 

MC9S12XEP 的bootloader 归纳总结 两个要点：

1.ROM不要重叠，bootloader的代码与用户应用代码不要重叠。各自设置各自的ROM区域;

2.bootloader有一部分代码是在RAM里运行的，所以RAM也不能重叠，RAM可以分为如下三种：

       a.) 堆栈区域;

       b.)bootloader代码变量区域;

       c.)bootloader 中断地址;

      上述三种RAM类型，不可重叠。

 

先说bootloader部分，需要处理的步骤如下：

a). 为 bootloader 划出ROM，（.prm文件修改）

b). 为bootloader ROM里再划出一块区域，程序运行时，这个区域里的CODE会被复制到RAM里执行;（.prm文件修改）

c).中断向量映射。地址保存在RAM里，所以，这个RAM与上面存放代码的RAM以及程序运行时的RAM都不要重叠;（.c文件，程序里定义）

d).需要在RAM运行的代码，拷贝到RAM里; （.c文件，程序里操作）

 

 

下面是一个project.prm 文件，（这里的地址值用的是 逻辑地址）

INIT _BootStart

NAMES END 

SEGMENTS  /* Here all RAM/ROM areas of the device are listed. Used in PLACEMENT below. */
            
      /* 
      Area 0x3800-0x38FF is reserved for stack. Stack pointer is initialized in StartS12X.s file
      to initail value 0x3900.
      Area 0x3900-0x3CFF is used for standard purposes.      
      Area 0x3D00-0x3EFF is used for functions that must be executed from RAM memory. These functions
      are stored in flash memory in RAM_CODE_SEG (see below) and are copied to RAM memory after startup. 
      Area 0x3F00-0x3FFF is used for interrupt vector table.
      */            
      
      RAM           = READ_WRITE    0x3000 TO   0x36FF;      
      RAM_CODE_SEG  = READ_ONLY     0xFA00 TO   0xFEFF RELOCATE_TO 0x3700;      
      ROM_F000      = READ_ONLY     0xE000 TO   0xF9FF;
 
END

PLACEMENT /* here all predefined and user segments are placed into the SEGMENTS defined above. */

      ROM_VAR,  
      STRINGS,  
      DEFAULT_ROM,
      NON_BANKED      INTO  ROM_F000;

      DEFAULT_RAM     INTO  RAM;

      RAM_CODE        INTO  RAM_CODE_SEG;
END

ENTRIES
  flash_array
END

STACKSIZE 0x100

//handle all reset vectors 
VECTOR 0 _BootStart
VECTOR 1 _BootStart
VECTOR 2 _BootStart

 

文件里有这样的字样

      RAM           = READ_WRITE    0x3000 TO   0x36FF;      
      RAM_CODE_SEG  = READ_ONLY     0xFA00 TO   0xFEFF RELOCATE_TO 0x3700;      
      ROM_F000      = READ_ONLY     0xE000 TO   0xF9FF; 

 RAM = READ_WRITE 0X3000 TO 0X36FF    表示代码运行时，可以自由支配使用的RAM区域; 

 其中，0X3000 需要与 .S文件里的 堆栈 设置 相匹配。在.S文件里，如下

 

;********************************************************************************
;* Freescale Semiconductor Inc.
;* (c) Copyright 2004-2005 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
;* ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
;********************************************************************************
;Services performed by FREESCALE in this matter are performed AS IS and without 
;any warranty. CUSTOMER retains the final decision relative to the total design 
;and functionality of the end product. FREESCALE neither guarantees nor will be 
;held liable by CUSTOMER for the success of this project.
;FREESCALE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY INCLUDING, 
;BUT NOT LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR 
;A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ON ANY HARDWARE, SOFTWARE OR ADVISE SUPPLIED TO THE PROJECT
;BY FREESCALE, AND OR NAY PRODUCT RESULTING FROM FREESCALE SERVICES. IN NO EVENT
;SHALL FREESCALE BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF 
;THIS AGREEMENT.
;
;CUSTOMER agrees to hold FREESCALE harmless against any and all claims demands or 
;actions by anyone on account of any damage, or injury, whether commercial, 
;contractual, or tortuous, rising directly or indirectly as a result of an advise
;or assistance supplied CUSTOMER in connection with product, services or goods 
;supplied under this Agreement.
;********************************************************************************
;* File      StartS12X.s
;* Owner     b01802
;* Version   1.0   
;* Date      Dec-02-2010
;* Classification   General Business Information
;* Brief     Startup file
;********************************************************************************
;* Detailed Description:
;*
;*    Tested on: DEMO9S12XSFAME, EVB9S12XEP100
;*    
;*    The bootloder handles all reset vectors. This startup file makes a decision
;*    whether the bootloader or user application is executed. 
;********************************************************************************
;Revision History:
;Version   Date          Author    Description of Changes
;1.0       Dec-02-2010  b01802    Initial version
;********************************************************************************
;
  xref  main
;
  xdef  _BootStart
;

AppResetVect:   equ     $effe ; here is stored reset vector of user application
StackTop:       equ     $3000 


_BootStart:

  ; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  movb  #$01, $025C ; enable pull up resistor on PP0 (or we can use external one)
  
  nop   ;wait a few cycles for stabilization of the signal
  nop
  nop
  nop
  nop
  
  brclr $0259, $01, GoBoot  ; if PP0 == 0 then start the bootloader
                            ; if PP0 == 1 then start the application
  
  movb  #$00, $025C ; disable pull up resistor on pin PP0 - restore default state
  ; -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  
  ldd   AppResetVect
  cpd   #$ffff
  beq   GoBoot          ; if the application reset vector is not available
                        ; then start the bootloader
  ldx   AppResetVect
  jmp    0,x              ; jump to the application
   
  
GoBoot:
  lds  #StackTop
  jmp  main
  
;********************************************************************************

 

.S文件里的  “ StackTop:       equ     $3000 ” 表示堆栈值是 0X3000 与上述的.prm文件里的  RAM = READ_WRITE 0X3000 TO 0X36FF 相对应，因为.prm文件里定义了堆栈层数是是0X100("STACKSIZE 0x100")，所以 堆栈的地址区域是 0X2F00 ~ 0X3000 ，显然这个区域是专用的.