Hello World及浅析dubbo通信方式

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-07 00:05:38 发布

eblly

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-07 00:05:38 发布

阅读量80

点赞数

文章标签： dubbo java spring 开发语言后端

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/t382159355/article/details/128482887

版权

[TOC]

代码

import java.util.List;

public abstract interface DemoService {
    
    public abstract String build(String name) throws Exception;

    String sayHello(String name);

    List getUsers();

}

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
    
    public String sayHello(String name) {
        return "Hello " + name;
    }

    public List getUsers() {
        List list = new ArrayList();
        User u1 = new User();
        u1.setName("jack");
        u1.setAge(20);
        u1.setSex("男");

        list.add(u1);
        return list;
    }

    public String build(String name) throws Exception {
        return null;
    }
}

import java.io.Serializable;

//必须实现Serializable接口
public class User implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -2814022769568306965L;
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String sex;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", age=" + age + ", sex='" + sex + '\'' + '}';
    }
}

dubbo-provider.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!-- 提供方应用信息，用于计算依赖关系 -->
    <dubbo:application name = "hello-world-app-provider" />

    <!--zookeeper注册中心 -->
    <dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="vimda.vimda:2181" />

    <!-- 用dubbo协议在20880端口暴露服务 -->
    <dubbo:protocol name="dubbo" port="20880" />

    <!-- 具体的实现bean -->
    <bean id="demoProvideService" class="dubboxTs.DemoServiceImpl" />

    <!-- 暴露的服务接口 -->
    <dubbo:service interface="dubboxTs.DemoService" ref="demoProvideService"/>
</beans>

bean指定id，此id可用于其他bean或者dubbo:service引用；同时指明实现类dubboxTs.DemoServiceImpl 。
dubbo:service interface指定服务接口类，ref引用上述已定义的服务bean ID。
dubbo:registry 指明通信协议和zookeeper地址。

dubbo-consumer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
       http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

    <!-- 消费方应用名，用于计算依赖关系，不是匹配条件，不要与提供方一样 -->
    <dubbo:application name="hello-world-app-consumer"/>
        
    <!-- 使用zookeeper注册中心暴露服务地址 -->
    <dubbo:registry protocol="zookeeper" address="vimda.vimda:2181"/>
    
    <!-- 增加引用远程服务配置  -->
    <dubbo:reference id="demoConsumeService" interface="dubboxTs.DemoService"/>

</beans>

consumer先使用<
dubbo:registry>引用zookeeper。
其次使用dubbo:reference 引用已注册在zookeeper中心的provide(demoConsumeService),并指出demoConsumeService的实现接口。

log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=debug,A1,DRF

# A1 is set to be a ConsoleAppender.
log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
# A1 uses PatternLayout.
log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=[%-5p][%d{yyyyMMdd HH:mm:ss,SSS}] [THREAD ID=%t] [%C{1}:%L]  %m%n

#DRF
log4j.appender.DRF=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.DRF.Threshold=${log4j.leve}
log4j.appender.DRF.DatePattern='.'yyyy-MM-dd
log4j.appender.DRF.File=./log/monitor.log
#log4j.appender.DRF.File=../log/monitor.log
log4j.appender.DRF.Append=true
log4j.appender.DRF.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.DRF.layout.ConversionPattern=[%-5p][%d{yyyyMMdd HH:mm:ss,SSS}] [THREAD ID=%t] [%C{1}:%L] %m%n

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import dubboxTs.DemoService;
public class ConsumerTs {

    @Test
    public void startConsumer() {
        try {
            String configLocation = "dubbo-consumer.xml";
            ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(configLocation);
            String[] names = context.getBeanDefinitionNames();
            System.out.print("Beans:");
            for (String string : names) {
                System.out.print(string);
                System.out.print(",");
            }
            System.out.println();

            DemoService ds = (DemoService) context.getBean("demoConsumeService");
            System.out.println(ds.sayHello("hehe"));
            System.out.println(ds.getUsers());

            Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

import java.io.IOException;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class ProviderTs {

    
    @Test
    public void startProvider(){
        String configLocation = "dubbo-provider.xml";
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(configLocation);
        String[] names = context.getBeanDefinitionNames();
        System.out.print("Beans:");
        System.out.println();
        
        for (String string : names){
            System.out.print(string + ";");
        }
        
        try {
            System.in.read();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

先启动ProviderTs，后启动ConsumerTs
provider控制台

property source. Returning [null]
Beans:
hello-world-app-provider;com.alibaba.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig;dubbo;demoProvideService;dubboxTs.DemoService;

consumer控制台

property source. Returning [null]
Beans:
hello-world-app-provider;com.alibaba.dubbo.config.RegistryConfig;dubbo;demoProvideService;dubboxTs.DemoService;[DEBUG][20170115 00:41:36,583]

讲解

流程如下图所示：

1.jpg

节点角色说明：Provider: 暴露服务的服务提供方。Consumer: 调用远程服务的服务消费方。Registry: 服务注册与发现的注册中心。Monitor: 统计服务的调用次调和调用时间的监控中心。Container: 服务运行容器。

调用关系说明：

服务容器负责启动，加载，运行服务提供者。
服务提供者在启动时，向注册中心注册自己提供的服务。
服务消费者在启动时，向注册中心订阅自己所需的服务。
注册中心返回服务提供者地址列表给消费者，如果有变更，注册中心将基于长连接推送变更数据给消费者。
服务消费者，从提供者地址列表中，基于软负载均衡算法，选一台提供者进行调用，如果调用失败，再选另一台调用。
服务消费者和提供者，在内存中累计调用次数和调用时间，定时每分钟发送一次统计数据到监控中心。

窥看dubbo调用过程

问题

consumer如何找到消费者
consumer如何调用消费者的方法
provider如何接受消费者的请求和参数,并如何调用对应方法
provider如何返回调用结果

首次调用
首先在ReferenceConfig的createProxy()等到invoker

interface DemoService -> zookeeper://192.168.91.25:2181/com.alibaba.dubbo.registry.RegistryService?anyhost=true&application=hello-world-app-consumer&check=false&dubbo=2.5.3&interface=DemoService&methods=sayHello,build,getUsers&pid=13388&side=consumer&timestamp=1489659254215

我的zookeeper IP 端口为192.168.91.25:2181.
如下图,未执行ds.sayHello("hehe")前,消费者仍未知提供者的具体"位置".

2.png

在 MockClusterInvoker处, result = this.invoker.invoke(invocation);进入AbstractClusterInvoker

public Result invoke(Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {Result result = null;String value = directory.getUrl().getMethodParameter(invocation.getMethodName(), Constants.MOCK_KEY, Boolean.FALSE.toString()).trim();if (value.length() == 0 || value.equalsIgnoreCase("false")){//no mock result = this.invoker.invoke(invocation);} else if (value.startsWith("force")) {if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {logger.info("force-mock: " + invocation.getMethodName() + " force-mock enabled , url : " + directory.getUrl());}//force:direct mock result = doMockInvoke(invocation, null);} else {//fail-mock try {result = this.invoker.invoke(invocation);}catch (RpcException e) {if (e.isBiz()) {throw e;} else {if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {logger.info("fail-mock: " + invocation.getMethodName() + " fail-mock enabled , url : " + directory.getUrl(), e);}result = doMockInvoke(invocation, e);}}}return result;}

在AbstractClusterInvoker 226行处获得invokers的ip,端口,服务.

public Result invoke(final Invocation invocation) throws RpcException {

        checkWheatherDestoried();

        LoadBalance loadbalance;
        
        List<Invoker<T>> invokers = list(invocation);
        if (invokers != null && invokers.size() > 0) {
            loadbalance = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(LoadBalance.class).getExtension(invokers.get(0).getUrl()
                    .getMethodParameter(invocation.getMethodName(),Constants.LOADBALANCE_KEY, Constants.DEFAULT_LOADBALANCE));
        } else {
            loadbalance = ExtensionLoader.getExtensionLoader(LoadBalance.class).getExtension(Constants.DEFAULT_LOADBALANCE);
        }
        RpcUtils.attachInvocationIdIfAsync(getUrl(), invocation);
        return doInvoke(invocation, invokers, loadbalance);
    }