python中利用GDAL对tif文件进行读写

1. 利用GDAL库对tif影像进行读取
   示例代码默认波段为[B、G、R、NIR的顺序，且为四个波段]

import gdal
def readTif(fileName):
    dataset = gdal.Open(fileName)
    if dataset == None:
        print(fileName+"文件无法打开")
        return
    im_width = dataset.RasterXSize #栅格矩阵的列数
    im_height = dataset.RasterYSize #栅格矩阵的行数
    im_bands = dataset.RasterCount #波段数
    im_data = dataset.ReadAsArray(0,0,im_width,im_height)#获取数据
    im_geotrans = dataset.GetGeoTransform()#获取仿射矩阵信息
    im_proj = dataset.GetProjection()#获取投影信息
    im_blueBand =  im_data[0,0:im_height,0:im_width]#获取蓝波段
    im_greenBand = im_data[1,0:im_height,0:im_width]#获取绿波段
    im_redBand =   im_data[2,0:im_height,0:im_width]#获取红波段
    im_nirBand = im_data[3,0:im_height,0:im_width]#获取近红外波段

写tif影像函数

#保存tif文件函数
import gdal
import numpy as np
def writeTiff(im_data,im_width,im_height,im_bands,im_geotrans,im_proj,path):
    if 'int8' in im_data.dtype.name:
        datatype = gdal.GDT_Byte
    elif 'int16' in im_data.dtype.name:
        datatype = gdal.GDT_UInt16
    else:
        datatype = gdal.GDT_Float32

    if len(im_data.shape) == 3:
        im_bands, im_height, im_width = im_data.shape
    elif len(im_data.shape) == 2:
        im_data = np.array([im_data])
    else:
        im_bands, (im_height, im_width) = 1,im_data.shape
        #创建文件
    driver = gdal.GetDriverByName("GTiff")
    dataset = driver.Create(path, im_width, im_height, im_bands, datatype)
    if(dataset!= None):
        dataset.SetGeoTransform(im_geotrans) #写入仿射变换参数
        dataset.SetProjection(im_proj) #写入投影
    for i in range(im_bands):
        dataset.GetRasterBand(i+1).WriteArray(im_data[i])
    del dataset