Baekeland and Hartmann report that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.
In general, these “short sleeps” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(疯人).
The “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers.”
Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.
1. According to the report,______.
A) many short sleepers need less sleep by nature
B) many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work
C) long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day
D) many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood
2. Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that _____.
A) sleep is a withdrawal from the reality
B) sleep interferes with their sound judgement
C) sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program
D) sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles
3. It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers _____.
A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life
B) often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleep
C) do not know how to relax properly
D) are more unlikely to run into mental problems
4. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____.
A) appear disturbed
B) become energetic
C) feel dissatisfied
D) be extremely depressed
5. Which of the following is Not included in the passage?
A) If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened
B) The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the same as those shown by many mental patients
C) Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep
D) Short sleepers would be better off with more rest
答案 d，c，b，a，b
1、根据报告：
A、短睡眠的人天生睡觉少（显然不对，没有说天生睡觉少，是自愿voluntarily减少睡眠）
B、许多睡眠少的人迫不得己的减少睡眠时间，因为工作忙（显然不对，是自愿voluntarily减少睡眠）
C、长睡眠的人在白天里睡很长 （这个有歧义，从作者的阐述来看，长睡眠的人在晚上睡得多）
D、许多长睡眠的人自从幼年时便保持着睡眠习惯。（right,这个答案最贴切原文，比上面的c项更贴切，所以是标准答案)
2、许多短睡眠的人可能持有的观点是：
A、睡眠是从现实中撤退 (不太对，对于长睡眠的人是这样，对于短的，原文没说)
B、睡眠影响理性的判断 (不太对，原文没有提到)
C、睡眠是他们的日常事务中最没有价值的 （right ,最贴切，bothersome interruptions就是最没有价值的 )
D、睡眠是解决心理问题的最好办法 (此项答案虽然也有所阐述，但是没有上面c项更贴切原文，所以不是标准答案)
3、第三段里，阐述睡眠短的人：
A、在生活压力下也能保持相当的精力 （没直接这么说)
B、经常忽略睡眠不足的后果 （否认心理问题存在，保持忙碌，所以neglect等同于deny,所以为标准答案)
C、不知道如何正确的休息 （没直接这么说)
D、不容易得心理疾病 （睡眠短的人，也有心理问题)
4、在有些时候,长睡眠的人不能享有充分的睡眠，他们可能会：
A、显得不安 （排除了下面的，这个就是标准答案，就这样-不安和很关注-quite concerned 比较类似）
B、变得精力旺盛 （显然不可能)
C、感到不满 （没直接这么说，不满-dissatisfied和很关注-quite concerned 还是有一定的区别 ）
D、非常沮丧 （不是非常沮丧，而是中度沮丧 midly depressed)
5、下列哪一项不属于短文内容:
A、如果一个人睡不好，他的精力变差而且记忆力减退 (这个虽然没直接说，但作者基本意思就是这样，long/short都不好）
B、短睡眠人的睡眠模式与那些精神病患者所表现出来的完全一样 （不是完全，是相似，所以标准答案是这个)
C、长短睡眠的人的不同在于对睡觉的态度 （显而易见的提到了）
D、睡眠少的人有了更充分的休息的话，会更好。 （这个虽然没直接说，但作者基本意思就是这样，和选项A类似，都不比Ｂ项更符合要求）
-------------------------------
贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，“睡眠少的人”在未进入少年期之前，其正常睡眠时间大致与所需要的时间差不多。但到了15岁左右，由于学校、工作或其它活动的压力，他们就故意地减少了夜间睡眠的时间。这些人持有这样的观点：夜间睡眠是一件令人讨厌的事情，打断了日常事务。
总的说来，这些“睡眠少的人”表现得雄心勃勃、积极活跃、精力充沛、无意识乐观豁达、立场坚定，对自己职业的选择胸有成竹。他们往往同时从事几项工作，或者一边上学读书，一边从事专职或兼职工作。其中许多人有强烈愿望，想在朋友和熟人面前表现得“正常”或“合群”。
当要求他们回忆梦的内容时，“睡眠少的人”回忆不起什么来。不仅如此，他们显得更倾向于不去想起（这些内容）。类似地， 他们通常处理心理问题的方式就是否则这些问题的存在，然后保持忙碌的同时心里想着麻烦总会过去的。
“睡眠少的人”的睡眠模式与被划入疯子之类精神病患者的睡眠模式十分相似，但是没有那么极端。
“睡眠多的人”的实际情况则大不相同。贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，这些年轻人从小就有很长的睡眠。他们显得很享受睡眠，不让睡眠受打搅。偶尔没有所期望的夜间9个小时的卧床休息，他们便会十分不安。他们比“睡眠少的人”能更好地回忆起梦的内容。
In general, these “short sleeps” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates.
When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.
The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(疯人).
The “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers.”
Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.
1. According to the report,______.
A) many short sleepers need less sleep by nature
B) many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their work
C) long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the day
D) many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood
2. Many “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that _____.
A) sleep is a withdrawal from the reality
B) sleep interferes with their sound judgement
C) sleep is the least expensive item on their routine program
D) sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles
3. It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers _____.
A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life
B) often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleep
C) do not know how to relax properly
D) are more unlikely to run into mental problems
4. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____.
A) appear disturbed
B) become energetic
C) feel dissatisfied
D) be extremely depressed
5. Which of the following is Not included in the passage?
A) If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened
B) The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the same as those shown by many mental patients
C) Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep
D) Short sleepers would be better off with more rest
答案 d，c，b，a，b
1、根据报告：
A、短睡眠的人天生睡觉少（显然不对，没有说天生睡觉少，是自愿voluntarily减少睡眠）
B、许多睡眠少的人迫不得己的减少睡眠时间，因为工作忙（显然不对，是自愿voluntarily减少睡眠）
C、长睡眠的人在白天里睡很长 （这个有歧义，从作者的阐述来看，长睡眠的人在晚上睡得多）
D、许多长睡眠的人自从幼年时便保持着睡眠习惯。（right,这个答案最贴切原文，比上面的c项更贴切，所以是标准答案)
2、许多短睡眠的人可能持有的观点是：
A、睡眠是从现实中撤退 (不太对，对于长睡眠的人是这样，对于短的，原文没说)
B、睡眠影响理性的判断 (不太对，原文没有提到)
C、睡眠是他们的日常事务中最没有价值的 （right ,最贴切，bothersome interruptions就是最没有价值的 )
D、睡眠是解决心理问题的最好办法 (此项答案虽然也有所阐述，但是没有上面c项更贴切原文，所以不是标准答案)
3、第三段里，阐述睡眠短的人：
A、在生活压力下也能保持相当的精力 （没直接这么说)
B、经常忽略睡眠不足的后果 （否认心理问题存在，保持忙碌，所以neglect等同于deny,所以为标准答案)
C、不知道如何正确的休息 （没直接这么说)
D、不容易得心理疾病 （睡眠短的人，也有心理问题)
4、在有些时候,长睡眠的人不能享有充分的睡眠，他们可能会：
A、显得不安 （排除了下面的，这个就是标准答案，就这样-不安和很关注-quite concerned 比较类似）
B、变得精力旺盛 （显然不可能)
C、感到不满 （没直接这么说，不满-dissatisfied和很关注-quite concerned 还是有一定的区别 ）
D、非常沮丧 （不是非常沮丧，而是中度沮丧 midly depressed)
5、下列哪一项不属于短文内容:
A、如果一个人睡不好，他的精力变差而且记忆力减退 (这个虽然没直接说，但作者基本意思就是这样，long/short都不好）
B、短睡眠人的睡眠模式与那些精神病患者所表现出来的完全一样 （不是完全，是相似，所以标准答案是这个)
C、长短睡眠的人的不同在于对睡觉的态度 （显而易见的提到了）
D、睡眠少的人有了更充分的休息的话，会更好。 （这个虽然没直接说，但作者基本意思就是这样，和选项A类似，都不比Ｂ项更符合要求）
-------------------------------
贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，“睡眠少的人”在未进入少年期之前，其正常睡眠时间大致与所需要的时间差不多。但到了15岁左右，由于学校、工作或其它活动的压力，他们就故意地减少了夜间睡眠的时间。这些人持有这样的观点：夜间睡眠是一件令人讨厌的事情，打断了日常事务。
总的说来，这些“睡眠少的人”表现得雄心勃勃、积极活跃、精力充沛、无意识乐观豁达、立场坚定，对自己职业的选择胸有成竹。他们往往同时从事几项工作，或者一边上学读书，一边从事专职或兼职工作。其中许多人有强烈愿望，想在朋友和熟人面前表现得“正常”或“合群”。
当要求他们回忆梦的内容时，“睡眠少的人”回忆不起什么来。不仅如此，他们显得更倾向于不去想起（这些内容）。类似地， 他们通常处理心理问题的方式就是否则这些问题的存在，然后保持忙碌的同时心里想着麻烦总会过去的。
“睡眠少的人”的睡眠模式与被划入疯子之类精神病患者的睡眠模式十分相似，但是没有那么极端。
“睡眠多的人”的实际情况则大不相同。贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，这些年轻人从小就有很长的睡眠。他们显得很享受睡眠，不让睡眠受打搅。偶尔没有所期望的夜间9个小时的卧床休息，他们便会十分不安。他们比“睡眠少的人”能更好地回忆起梦的内容。
许多“睡眠多的人”腼腆、焦虑、内向、压抑、消极和中度抑郁，尤其在社交场合缺乏自信。好几个人坦言，睡眠是对每天所面临的问题的一种逃避。
**************************
1）做题的一个技巧之一， 掐绝对语气，比如第5题，surely，extremely，exactly，to the most , the best
2）阅读理解很大程度上，就是考同义替换
3) 四级阅读题的题目出得不好，模拟2可，也很正常
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