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一.划分网段

实验思路:

(1)网段划分,先划分广播域合理划分网段:可将网段划分6个网段,再取其中一个网段再划分六个网段作为骨干链路的网段(节约地址),其余网段再划分两个环回网段(存在两个环回网段的):
网段划分:

骨干链路:192.168.1.0000 0000        192.168.1.0/27

再划分六个网段:

192.168.1.0000 0000        192.168.1.0/30

192.168.1.0000 0100        192.168.1.4/30

192.168.1.0000 1000        192.168.1.8/30

192.168.1.0000 1100        192.168.1.12/30

192.168.1.0001 0000        192.168.1.16/30

192.168.1.0001 0100        192.168.1.20/30

......

直连链路:192.168.1.0010 0000        192.168.1.32/27------>192.168.1.32/28 , 192.168.1.48/28

192.168.1.0100 0000        192.168.1.64/27------>192.168.1.32/28 , 192.168.1.48/28

192.168.1.0110 0000        192.168.1.96/27

192.168.1.1000 0000        192.168.1.128/27------>192.168.1.32/28 , 192.168.1.48/28

192.168.1.1010 0000        192.168.1.160/27

192.168.1.1100 0000        192.168.1.172/27  (数量足够不再需要这两个网段)

192.168.1.1110 0000        192.168.1.204/27
 

二.配置网关,环回接口,静态路由与空接口

R1:

[R1]int g0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]int g0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.9 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R1]int l0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.32 28

[R1-LoopBack0]q
[R1]int l1

[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28

R2:

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad    
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R2]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad    
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip ad    
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[R2-LoopBack0]q
[R2]int l1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip ad    
[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28

R3:

[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad    
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad    
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R3]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad    
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.97 27

R4:

[R4]int g0/0/1

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad    
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.6 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad    
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.13 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R4]int g0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad    
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.17 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[R4]int g4/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip ad    
[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.21 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]q
[R4]int l0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28
[R4-LoopBack0]q
[R4]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip ad    
[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28

R5:

[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 30

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R5]int g0/0/2
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip ad    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.22 30

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.0.0.5 24

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R5]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip ad    
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.161 27

R6:

[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip ad    
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.0.0.6 24

[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R6]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip ad    
[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.6 24

开启R3DHCP服务:

[R3]dhcp enable 

[R3]ip pool pp

[R3-ip-pool-pp]netw    
[R3-ip-pool-pp]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27
[R3-ip-pool-pp]gate    
[R3-ip-pool-pp]gateway-list 192.168.1.97
[R3-ip-pool-pp]dns    
[R3-ip-pool-pp]dns-list 114.114.114.114
[R3-ip-pool-pp]q
[R3]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp sel    
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select g    
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global 

二.配置全网通

R1:

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.10

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.10

R2:

[R2]ip ro    
[R2]ip route
[R2]ip route-stati 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-stati 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-stati 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-stati 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-stati 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-stati 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-stati 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-stati 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6
[R2]ip route-stati 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.6

R3:

[R3]ip ro    
[R3]ip route
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.13
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.13
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.13
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.13
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.13

R4:

[R4]ip ro    
[R4]ip route
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.14
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.14
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.14
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.22
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.18

R5:

[R5]ip ro    
[R5]ip route
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17

结果:

三.避免环路

R1:

[R1]ip ro    
[R1]ip route
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 n    
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

R2:

[R2]ip ro    
[R2]ip route
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 n    
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

R4:

[R4]ip ro    
[R4]ip route
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 n    
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

四.达到全网通

R1:

[R1]ip ro    
[R1]ip route
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

R2:

[R2]ip ro    
[R2]ip route
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

R3:

[R3]ip ro    
[R3]ip route
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.13

R4:

[R4]ip ro    
[R4]ip route
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

R5:

[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule per    
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit s    
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]q
[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat o    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

五.R6 telnet R5 的共有地址时,实际上登录到R1上

R1:

[R1]aaa
[R1-aaa]lo    
[R1-aaa]local-user my pas    
[R1-aaa]local-user my password ci    
[R1-aaa]local-user my password cipher my12345 pri    
[R1-aaa]local-user my password cipher my12345 privilege l    
[R1-aaa]local-user my password cipher my12345 privilege level 15

[R1-aaa]local    
[R1-aaa]local-user my se    
[R1-aaa]local-user my service-type t    
[R1-aaa]local-user my service-type telnet

[R1]use    
[R1]user-in    
[R1]user-interface vty 0 4
[R1-ui-vty0-4]au    
[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa

R5:

[R5]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat s    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat serverpr    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server pr    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol t    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp g    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global cu    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 in    

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 ins
ide 192.168.1.1 23
Warning:The port 23 is well-known port. If you continue it may cause function fa
ilure.
Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]:y

六.R4与R5正常通过1000M链路,故障时通过100M链路

R4:

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61

R5:

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 preference 61
Info: Succeeded in modifying route.

测试:

R4:

[R4]int g0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]sh    
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]shutdown 

R1:

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