OSPF综合实验

一.实验拓扑

二.实验目的

1、R4为ISP，其上只配置IP地址；R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP；
2、R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境，R3为中心站点；
3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分；除了R12有两个环回，其他路由器均有一个环回IP
4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回；
5、减少LSA的更新量，加快收敛，保障更新安全；
6、全网可达；

三.实验思路

1.划分IP，网段

2.配置IP

3.配置内网通和公网通，搭建MGRE

4.配置nat easy ip达到可访问R4环回

5.ABR/ASBR汇总

6.设置特殊区域

7.更改hello时间加快收敛

8.配置保障更新安全

四.

配置IP：

R1：

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 24

R2：

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.2 24

R3：

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.36.3 24
[R3-LoopBack0]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.3 24

R4:

[R4]int s3/0/0
[R4-Serial3/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.4 24
[R4-Serial3/0/0]int s3/0/1
[R4-Serial3/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.4 24
[R4-Serial3/0/1]int s4/0/0
[R4-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.4 24
[R4-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.4 24

R5:

[R5]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.5 24
[R5-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.5 24

R6:

[R6]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.6 24
[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.1 30
[R6]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.6 24

R7:

[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.7 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.1 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]in l0 
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.5.7 24

R8:

[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.2 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.5 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]in l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.10 24

R9:

[R9]int g0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.6 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.129.1 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.9 24

R10:

[R10]int g0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.129.2 30
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.131.10 24

 R11:

[R11]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.2 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.5 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.11 24

R12:

[R12]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.6 30
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.12 24
[R12-LoopBack0]int l1
[R12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.161.12 24

 2.配置公网通和私网通：

（1）分区域配私网通：

area 0:

R5:

[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255

R6:

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255

R7:

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255

area 1:

R1:

[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]a 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.34.0 0.0.0.255

R2:

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]a 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.35.0 0.0.0.255

R3:

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]a 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.36.0 0.0.0.255

area 2:

R6:

[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]a 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0

R11:

[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]a 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.2 0.0.0.0
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.5 0.0.0.0
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.66.0 0.0.0.255

R12:

[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]a 2 
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.6 0.0.0.0
[R12]rip 1
[R12-rip-1]v 2
[R12-rip-1]undo summary
[R12-rip-1]net 172.16.0.0
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip

area3:

R7:

[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0

R8:

[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]a 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.2 0.0.0.0
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.5 0.0.0.0
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.98.0 0.0.0.255

R9:

[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]a 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.6 0.0.0.0

area4:

R9:

[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]a 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.130.0 0.0.0.255


[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1

R10:

[R10]ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-2]a 4
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.129.2 0.0.0.0
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.131.0 0.0.0.255

(2)配置公网通，搭建MGRE 

公网缺省配置：

R3:

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4

R5:

[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4

R7:

[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4

R6:

[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4

搭建MGRE————中心站点：

R3:

[R3]int t 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.5 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic 

分站点：

R5:

[R5]int t 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.5 24
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3

R6:

[R6]int t 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.6 24
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source Serial 4/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3

R7:

[R7]int t 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.7 24
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp 
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 

在ospf中宣告隧道：

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]a 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255


[R5]ospf 1
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255


[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255


[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255

修改隧道类型：

[R3]int t0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 


[R5]int t0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 


[R6]int t 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 


[R7]int t0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast 

分站点放弃选举：

R5：

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

R6:

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0 

R7:

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

三.配置nat easy ip能够访问R4的环回

R3:

[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R5:

[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R5-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R6:

[R6]acl 2000
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R7:

[R7]acl 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

四.区域汇总

ABR汇总：

area 1：

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]a 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.254.0

area 2：

[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]a 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

area 3：

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]a 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0

ASBR汇总:

 [R9]ospf 1

 [R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

[R12]ospf 1

[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0

五.配置特殊区域：

area 1：

[R1]osp	
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]a 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 


[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]a 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 


[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]a 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary 

area 2:

[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]a 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary 


[R11]ospf 1
[R11-ospf-1]a 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary 


[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]a 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

area 3：

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]a 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary


[R8]ospf 1
[R8-ospf-1]a 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary


[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]a 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

其他路由通过缺省路由访问，R10无法学习到其他的路由：

在R9给R10下发默认缺省使R10能够访问其他路由：

[R9]ospf 2

[R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise 

下发缺省后，也将eassy ip的问题解决，ping通测试：

六.更改hello时间，以加快收敛：

area 0：

[R3]int t0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

 
[R5]int t0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

 
[R6]int t0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

 
[R7]int t0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

area 1:

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

 
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

 
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

area 2:

[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

 
[R11]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R11]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5

 
[R12]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

area 3:

[R7]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5

 
[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R8]int g0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5

 
[R9]int g0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

area 4:

[R9]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5

 
[R10]int g0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5

测试：

七.配置保障更新安全：

area 0:

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]a 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
 

[R5]ospf 1
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123

 
[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
 

[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123

area 1:

[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]a 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
 

[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]a 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
 

[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]a 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123

area 2:

[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]a 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123

 
[R11]ospf 1
[R11-ospf-1]a 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123

 
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]a 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123

area 3:

[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]a 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
 

[R8]ospf 1
[R8-ospf-1]a 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
 

[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]a 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123

area 4:

[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]a 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
 

[R10]ospf 2
[R10-ospf-2]a 4
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123