QT中搭建TCP服务器与客户端流程

一、TCP服务端的搭建流程：

//定义一个QTcpServer对象
 QTcpServer server;

//调用对象方法listen监听
server.listen(ip, port);

//当有连接时响应Server::new_client槽函数
 connect(&server,&QTcpServer::newConnection,this,&Server::new_client);

//在Server::new_client槽函数中获取连接套接字（套接字需为全局变量或类成员）
 QTcpSocket *sock = server.nextPendingConnection();
 
//给当前连接的客户端发送数据
sock.write("hello world");
 
//并关联当前连接套接字
 connect(client.dev_sock,&QTcpSocket::readyRead,this,&Server::read_data);

//当有数据到达后，响应Server::read_data槽函数，并读取数据保存到msg中
QString  msg = sock.readall()

//关闭套接字
sock.close();

示例代码

hserver.h头文件

#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QTcpServer>
#include <QTcpSocket>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class HServer; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class HServer : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    HServer(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~HServer();
protected slots:
    void new_client();//当客户端连接对应槽函数
    void read_data();//读取客户端数据的槽函数
private slots:
    void on_startBt_clicked(); //启动服务器槽函数-监听
    void on_sendBt_clicked();//发送数据给客户端
    void on_clearBt_clicked();
private:
    Ui::HServer *ui;
    QTcpServer server; //创建QTcpServer对象
    QTcpSocket* socket; //定义一个指针保存客户端套接字
};
#endif // HSERVER_H

hserver.cpp文件

#include "hserver.h"
#include "ui_hserver.h"
HServer::HServer(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::HServer){
    ui->setupUi(this);
    //connect(信号发送者指针， 发送的信号， 信号接收者指针， 接收者对应槽函数)
    connect(&server, &QTcpServer::newConnection, this, &HServer::new_client);
}
HServer::~HServer(){
    delete ui;
}
void HServer::on_startBt_clicked(){
    //监听--启动服务器
    server.listen(QHostAddress::AnyIPv4, ui->portEdit->text().toUShort());
}
void HServer::new_client(){
    //在槽函数中获取与客户端通信的套接字QTcpSocket
    socket = server.nextPendingConnection();
    //当客户端有数据到达服务器，QTcpSocket对象会发生readyRead信号
    connect(socket, &QTcpSocket::readyRead, this, &HServer::read_data);
}
void HServer::on_sendBt_clicked(){
    QString msg = ui->textEdit->toPlainText();
    socket->write(msg.toUtf8()); //发送数据给客户端
}
void HServer::read_data(){
        //获取信号发送者
    QTcpSocket *cSocket = (QTcpSocket*)sender();
    //获取客户端ip地址
    QString ip = cSocket->peerAddress().toString();
    QString msg = cSocket ->readAll();//读取客户端数据
    ui->listWidget->addItem(ip+":"+msg);
}
void HServer::on_clearBt_clicked(){
    ui->textEdit->clear();
    ui->listWidget->clear();
}

二、tcp客户端搭建流程：

//创建QTcpSocket对象
QTcpSocket socket;

//调用对象方法connectToHost连接服务器
socket.connectToHost(ip, port);

//调用对象方法write发生数据给服务器
socket.write("发送给服务器的数据");

//当服务器有数据回应QTcpSocket对象会发生readyRead信号
connect(socket, &QTcpSocket::readyRead, this, &xxx::槽函数)

//在槽函数中通过QTcpSocket对象方法read读取数据
socket.readAll();

示例代码

hclient.h文件

#ifndef HCLIENT_H
#define HCLIENT_H

#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QTcpSocket>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class HClient; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class HClient : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    HClient(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~HClient();
protected slots:
    void read_data();
private slots:
    void on_connectBt_clicked();
    void on_sendBt_clicked();
private:
    Ui::HClient *ui;
    QTcpSocket socket;
};
#endif // HCLIENT_H

hclient.cpp文件

#include "hclient.h"
#include "ui_hclient.h"

HClient::HClient(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::HClient){
    ui->setupUi(this);
    //关联读取数据信号
    connect(&socket, &QTcpSocket::readyRead, this, &HClient::read_data);
}
HClient::~HClient(){
    delete ui;
}
void HClient::on_connectBt_clicked(){
    //调用对象方法connectToHost连接服务器
    socket.connectToHost(ui->ipEdit->text(), ui->portEdit->text().toUShort());
}
void HClient::on_sendBt_clicked(){
    QString msg = ui->textEdit->toPlainText();
    socket.write(msg.toUtf8());
}
void HClient::read_data(){
    QString msg = socket.readAll();
    ui->listWidget->addItem(msg);
}