Spring Cloud之Hystrix熔断器

熔断机制是一种自我保护机制，当有大量请求堆积，服务根本无力即时处理时，熔断机制能决定丢弃请求，以保证自身资源不被耗尽而宕机，熔断器通常用在服务消费者身上，当服务调用者在单位时间内消费服务时错误次数达到设定上限，就不会调用服务消费者，转而调用设定的回调函数，Feign中集成了Hystrix，使用起来很简单，新建一个Maven Module，pom.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.wang</groupId>
    <artifactId>aServiceConsumerFeignHystrix</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <!--版本号控制-->
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Finchley.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
                <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
                <version>2.6.2</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

</project>

application.properties如下：

server.port=8883
spring.application.name=service-consumer-feign-hystrix
eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:1111/eureka/,http://localhost:1112/eureka/
feign.hystrix.enabled=true

Controller类：

package com.wang.controller;

import com.wang.service.FeignService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * Created by cheng on 2018/9/23.
 */
@RestController
public class FeignController {

    @Autowired
    FeignService feignService;

    @GetMapping(value = "/feign")
    public String feign(@RequestParam String name){
        return feignService.feignFun(name);
    }
}

Service接口：

@FeignClient(value="service-a",fallback = FeignServiceImpl.class)
public interface FeignService {

    @RequestMapping(value="/aservice", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    String feignFun(@RequestParam(value = "name") String name);
}

Service实现类：

@Component
public class FeignServiceImpl implements FeignService {

    @Override
    public String feignFun(String name) {
        return "hystrix do " + name;
    }
}

启动类：

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class ConsumerFeignHystrixApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerFeignHystrixApp.class, args);
    }
}