使用MediaRecord录制音频

    android媒体框架支持录制音频。可以使用android.media.MediaRecord类来录制音频。本节将介绍如何创建应用程序来录制并播放音频内容。该应用程序的用户界面如图所示：

如图所示该应用程序包含四个按钮：两个用于控制录制过程，另外两个用于开始和停止所录制内容的播放。

示例代码如下：

布局xml:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" 
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/beginBtn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="doClick"
        android:text="Begin Recording" />
    
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/stopBtn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:onClick="doClick"
        android:text="Stop Recording" />
    
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/playBtn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:onClick="doClick"
        android:text="Play Recording" />
    
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/stopPlayingRecording"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        android:onClick="doClick"
        android:text="Stop Playing Recording" />

</LinearLayout>

布局文件放置了四个按钮控件。

package com.example.mediarecorder;

import java.io.File;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;
	private MediaRecorder recorder;
	private String OUTPUT_FILE;
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		OUTPUT_FILE = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/recordaudio.3gpp";
		System.out.println("存储路径:"+OUTPUT_FILE);
	}
	
	public void doClick(View v)
	{
		switch (v.getId()) {
		case R.id.beginBtn:
			Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "开始录制了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			try {
				beginRecording();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			break;
		case R.id.stopBtn:
			Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "停止录制了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			try {
				stopRecording();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			break;
		case R.id.playBtn:
			Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "开始播放", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			try {
				playRecording();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			break;
		case R.id.stopPlayingRecording:
			Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "停止播放", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
			try {
				stopPlayingRecording();
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			break;
		}
	}
	
	//开始录音
	private void beginRecording() throws Exception
	{
		killMediaRecorder();
		
		File outFile = new File(OUTPUT_FILE);
		if(outFile.exists()){
			outFile.delete();
		}
		recorder = new MediaRecorder();
		//设置声音源麦克风
		recorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
		//设置输出格式
		recorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.THREE_GPP);
		//设置音频编码
		recorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AMR_NB);
		//设置输出文件
		recorder.setOutputFile(OUTPUT_FILE);
		recorder.prepare();
		recorder.start();
	}
	
	//停止录音
	private void stopRecording() throws Exception
	{
		if(recorder != null)
		{
			recorder.stop();
		}
	}

	//
	private void killMediaRecorder() {
		if(mediaPlayer != null){
			mediaPlayer.release();
		}
	}
	
	//播放录制音频
	private void playRecording() throws Exception
	{
		killMediaPlayer();
		
		mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
		mediaPlayer.setDataSource(OUTPUT_FILE);//设置播放源
		
		mediaPlayer.prepare();
		mediaPlayer.start();
	}

	private void killMediaPlayer() {
		if(mediaPlayer != null){
			mediaPlayer.release();
		}
	}
	
	//停止播放音频
	private void stopPlayingRecording() throws Exception
	{
		if(mediaPlayer != null){
			mediaPlayer.stop();
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	protected void onDestroy() {
		super.onDestroy();
		
		killMediaPlayer();
		killMediaRecorder();
	}
}

该应用主要使用了两个类，MediaRecorder()用于控制录制音频。MediaPlayer类用于播放录制的的音频文件。