使用AudioRecord录制音频

    上一篇介绍了如何将音频直接录制到文件。但如果希望在将音频数据录制到文件之前，对它进行一定得处理，该怎么办?Android提供了一个名为AudioRecord的类来满足这些需要。当设置AudioRecord对象时，android将确保音频数据写入AudioRecord的内部缓冲区，然后应用程序可对音频数据执行想要的操作。

示例代码:

该应用程序没有界面，当进入程序就开始进行录音。然后读取这些音频数据进行处理。

package com.example.audiorecord;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.media.AudioFormat;
import android.media.AudioRecord;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	protected static final String TAG = "AudioRecord";
	private int mAudioBufferSize;
	private int mAudioBufferSampleSize;
	private AudioRecord mAudioRecord;
	
	private boolean inRecordMode = false;
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);		
		
		initAudioRecord();
	}
	
	@Override
	protected void onResume() {
		super.onResume();
		Log.v("TAG", "Resuming");
		inRecordMode = true;
		Thread t = new Thread(){
			@Override
			public void run() {
				getSamples();
			};
		};
		t.start();
	}
	
	@Override
	protected void onPause() {
		Log.v("TAG", "Pausing");
		inRecordMode = false;
		super.onPause();
	}
	
	protected void getSamples() {
		if(mAudioRecord == null)return;
		
		short[] audioBuffer = new short[mAudioBufferSampleSize];
		
		System.out.println("-----开始录制-----");
		mAudioRecord.startRecording();
		
		int audioRecordingState = mAudioRecord.getRecordingState();
		if(audioRecordingState != AudioRecord.RECORDSTATE_RECORDING)
		{
			Log.e("", "AudioRecord没有在录音");
			finish();
		}
		else
		{
			Log.v("TAG", "AudioRecord开始录音。");
		}
		
		while(inRecordMode)
		{
			int samplesRead = mAudioRecord.read(audioBuffer, 0, mAudioBufferSampleSize);
			Log.v("", "Got samples: "+ samplesRead);
			Log.v("TAG", "First few sample values: "+
			       audioBuffer[0]+","+
				   audioBuffer[1]+","+
			       audioBuffer[2]+","+
			       audioBuffer[3]+","+
			       audioBuffer[4]+","+
			       audioBuffer[5]+","+
			       audioBuffer[6]+","+
			       audioBuffer[7]+","+
			       audioBuffer[8]+","+
			       audioBuffer[9]+",");
			
			mAudioRecord.stop();
			Log.v("TAG", "AudioRecord has stopped recording");
		}
	}

	private void initAudioRecord() {
		 int sampleRate = 8000;
		 int channelConfig = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_MONO;
		 int audioFormat = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;
		 mAudioBufferSize = 2 * AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(sampleRate, channelConfig, audioFormat);
		 mAudioBufferSampleSize = mAudioBufferSize / 2;
		 mAudioRecord = new AudioRecord(
				 MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC, //音频源
				 sampleRate, //采样频率
				 channelConfig, //声道配置
				 audioFormat, //音频编码格式
				 mAudioBufferSize);//内部缓冲区大小
		 Log.v("TAG", "Setup of AudioRecord okay.Buffer size = "+mAudioBufferSampleSize);
		 
		 int audioRecordState = mAudioRecord.getState();
		 if(audioRecordState != AudioRecord.STATE_INITIALIZED)
		 {
			 Log.e("TAG", "AudioRecord is not properly initialized");
			 finish();//结束该activity
		 }
	}
}

需要在清单文件中添加android权限android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO。

AudioRecord类有一个名为getMinBufferSize()的静态帮助器类，它将获取想要的参数设置，返回为恰当初始化AudioRecord而应该指定的最小的缓冲区。此缓冲区无法供直接访问，但在处理以前获取的音频数据期间，AudioRecord需要拥有足够的内部空间来存储音频数据。当然可以使用缓冲区的最小值，或者可以稍微进行一下存储。绝不应尝试将缓冲区大小设置为比此帮助器方法建议使用的值更小。在本例中，我们选择的缓冲区大小为最小值的两倍。

在本例中，使用一个子线程进行音频数据采样。