也说MFC消息响应机制

最新推荐文章于 2020-09-18 11:24:58 发布

tandesir

最新推荐文章于 2020-09-18 11:24:58 发布

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分类专栏： C++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tandesir/article/details/8457831

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本文探讨了如何在MFC中通过代码创建对话框及消息映射的实现。重点介绍了利用代码编写对话框的步骤，包括窗口类设计、注册、菜单添加、窗口创建等，并详细解释了消息响应函数的实现，尤其是WM_CREATE和WM_COMMAND消息的处理。同时，文章揭示了BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP和END_MESSAGE_MAP宏在对象与消息连接中的作用，类比于Qt的信号与槽机制。

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【问题描述】MFC是C++的经典框架，基于消息响应机制。网上介绍MFC消息响应的文章很多。而我认为，是否理解MFC，有一点很重要，那就是看能否脱离界面编辑器，编写对话框的代码。本文介绍两个方面：

（1）如何利用代码编写对话框；

（2）消息映射如何实现。

【解析】

1 利用代码编写对话框

先看代码：

main.cpp

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "resource.h"
#include "tchar.h"

#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100

// Global Variables:
HINSTANCE hInst;								// current instance
TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING];								// The title bar text
TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];								// The title bar text

// Foward declarations of functions included in this code module:
ATOM				MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL				InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK	WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
LRESULT CALLBACK	About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,
                     int       nCmdShow)
{
	// TODO: Place code here.
	MSG msg;
	HACCEL hAccelTable;
	
	// Initialize global strings
	LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);
	LoadString(hInstance, IDC_BTNTEST, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);
	MyRegisterClass(hInstance);
	
	// Perform application initialization:
	if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)) 
	{
		return FALSE;
	}
	
	hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDC_BTNTEST);
	
	// Main message loop:
	while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) 
	{
		if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg)) 
		{
			TranslateMessage(&msg);
			DispatchMessage(&msg);
		}
	}
	
	return msg.wParam;
}



//
//  FUNCTION: MyRegisterClass()
//
//  PURPOSE: Registers the window class.
//
//  COMMENTS:
//
//    This function and its usage is only necessary if you want this code
//    to be compatible with Win32 systems prior to the 'RegisterClassEx'
//    function that was added to Windows 95. It is important to call this function
//    so that the application will get 'well formed' small icons associated
//    with it.
//
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{
	WNDCLASSEX wcex;
	
	wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); 
	
	wcex.style			= CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	wcex.lpfnWndProc	= (WNDPROC)WndProc;
	wcex.cbClsExtra		= 0;
	wcex.cbWndExtra		= 0;
	wcex.hInstance		= hInstance;
	wcex.hIcon			= LoadIcon(hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_BTNTEST);
	wcex.hCursor		= LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	wcex.hbrBackground	= (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);
	wcex.lpszMenuName	= (LPCSTR)IDC_BTNTEST;
	wcex.lpszClassName	= szWindowClass;
	wcex.hIconSm		= LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, (LPCTSTR)IDI_SMALL);
	
	return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
}

//
//   FUNCTION: InitInstance(HANDLE, int)
//
//   PURPOSE: Saves instance handle and creates main window
//
//   COMMENTS:
//
//        In this function, we save the