安卓如何调用后台接口

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-14 10:00:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-14 10:00:00 发布

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分类专栏：安卓开发

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tangyan1207/article/details/118763788

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很多朋友在咨询安卓端如何调用后端接口，我这里准备了两种接口，一种说java写的后端接口，一种是asp.net （C#）写的后端接口。

数据库有mysql的，也有sql server的。

先看效果：

我们以录入健康数据为例讲解，包括把数据从安卓端的表单中获取出来，调用后端接口，然后把数据保存到数据库。然后我们通过查询数据库，通过调用后端接口，把数据查询出来，显示在安卓端的列表中，点击列表还能查看明细，在安卓端要做一个数据列表，还是比较复杂的，对于初学者，还是需要耐心学习下，当然，我们还有视频教程需要视频的加Q：1416759661。

然后上代码：

安卓端布局代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".AddDataActivity">
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/tbusername"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="张三"
        android:hint="姓名"
        ></EditText>
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/tbidcard"
        android:text="510110000000000000"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="身份证"
        android:layout_below="@+id/tbusername"
        ></EditText>
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/tbtemp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="体温"
        android:text="36.2"
        android:layout_below="@+id/tbidcard"
        ></EditText>
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/tbbp"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="血压"
        android:text="85/115"
        android:layout_below="@+id/tbtemp"
        ></EditText>
    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/tbrate"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="心率"
        android:text="72"
        android:layout_below="@+id/tbbp"
        ></EditText>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnsave"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="保存"
        android:textSize="18sp"
        android:layout_below="@+id/tbrate"
        ></Button>



</RelativeLayout>

添加健康数据的安卓端代码

package com.yyjcw.hdsys;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class AddDataActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_add_data);
        Button btnsave=findViewById(R.id.btnsave);
        btnsave.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                String username=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.tbusername)).getText().toString();
                String idcard=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.tbidcard)).getText().toString();
                String temp=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.tbtemp)).getText().toString();
                String bp=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.tbbp)).getText().toString();
                String rate=((EditText)findViewById(R.id.tbrate)).getText().toString();
                String urlstr="http://192.168.0.110:7766/hdapi.ashx";
                try {
                    username=URLEncoder.encode(username,"utf-8");
                    idcard=URLEncoder.encode(idcard,"utf-8");
                    temp=URLEncoder.encode(temp,"utf-8");
                    bp=URLEncoder.encode(bp,"utf-8");
                    rate=URLEncoder.encode(rate,"utf-8");
                } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                String paramstr="rnum=1&username="+username+"&idcard="+idcard+"&temp="+temp+"&bp="+bp+"&rate="+rate;
                sendHttp(urlstr,paramstr);
            }
        });

    }

    /*
     * 功能：用于发起http请求，并得到返回的结果
     * urlStr：请求的地址。
     * paramStr：请求的参数 多个参数的格式:rnum=1&p1=a&p2=b
     * */
    private void sendHttp(final String urlStr, final String paramStr){
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                HttpURLConnection conn = null;
                try {
                    URL url = new URL(urlStr);
                    conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
                    conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
                    conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
                    conn.setConnectTimeout(8000);
                    conn.setReadTimeout(8000);
                    OutputStream outputStream = conn.getOutputStream();
                    DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(outputStream);
                    out.writeBytes(paramStr);
                    out.flush();
                    out.close();
                    InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();
                    String res=FilesUtils.readInfo(inputStream);
                    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                        public void run() {
                            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"保存成功!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    });
                    if (conn != null) {
                        conn.disconnect();
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }


}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".DataListActivity">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/lv_list"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:background="#ffffff">
    </ListView>


</RelativeLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TableLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/tblist"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">
    <TableRow>
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_time"
            android:width="200dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:gravity="center_vertical"
            />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_username"
            android:width="120dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:gravity="center_vertical"
            />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_temp"
            android:width="120dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:gravity="center_vertical"
            />
    </TableRow>
</TableLayout>

package com.yyjcw.hdsys;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class DataListActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private List<Map<String,Object>> list;
    private ListView lvlist;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_data_list);
        list=new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
        Map<String,Object> map =new HashMap<String,Object>();
        map.put("id","0");
        map.put("ctime","时间");
        map.put("username","姓名");
        map.put("temp","体温");
        list.add(map);
        lvlist=findViewById(R.id.lv_list);

        lvlist.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
                HashMap<String, Object> map=(HashMap<String, Object>)lvlist.getItemAtPosition(i);
                String itemid=map.get("id").toString();
                if(!itemid.equals("0"))
                {
                    Intent intent1=new Intent(DataListActivity.this,DetailActivity.class);
                    intent1.putExtra("itemid",itemid);
                    startActivity(intent1);
                }


            }
        });

        String userstr="http://192.168.0.110:7766/hdapi.ashx";
        String paramstr="rnum=2";
        sendHttp(userstr,paramstr);

    }

    /*
     * 功能：用于发起http请求，并得到返回的结果
     * urlStr：请求的地址。
     * paramStr：请求的参数 多个参数的格式:rnum=1&p1=a&p2=b
     * */
    private void sendHttp(final String urlStr, final String paramStr){
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                HttpURLConnection conn = null;
                try {
                    URL url = new URL(urlStr);
                    conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                    conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
                    conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
                    conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
                    conn.setConnectTimeout(8000);
                    conn.setReadTimeout(8000);
                    OutputStream outputStream = conn.getOutputStream();
                    DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(outputStream);
                    out.writeBytes(paramStr);
                    out.flush();
                    out.close();
                    InputStream inputStream = conn.getInputStream();
                    String res=FilesUtils.readInfo(inputStream);

                    try {
                        JSONArray arr = new JSONArray(res);
                        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length(); i++) {
                            JSONObject obj = (JSONObject) arr.get(i);
                            String id = obj.getString("id");
                            String username = obj.getString("username");
                            String temp = obj.getString("temp");
                            String ctime = obj.getString("ctime");
                            Map<String,Object> map =new HashMap<String,Object>();
                            map.put("id",id);
                            map.put("username",username);
                            map.put("temp",temp);
                            map.put("ctime",ctime);
                            list.add(map);
                        }
                    } catch (JSONException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }

                    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                        public void run() {
                            MyAdapter adapter=new MyAdapter(DataListActivity.this, list);
                            lvlist.setAdapter(adapter);
                        }
                    });
                    if (conn != null) {
                        conn.disconnect();
                    }
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }


}

package com.yyjcw.hdsys;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

    private Context context;
    private List<Map<String, Object>> list;
    public MyAdapter(Context context, List<Map<String, Object>> list) {
        this.context = context;
        this.list = list;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return list.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int i) {
        return list.get(i);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int i) {
        return i;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {
        view  = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.itemcust, null);
        final TextView tv_time = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_time);
        final TextView tv_username= (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_username);
        final TextView tv_temp = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_temp);
        tv_username.setText(list.get(i).get("username").toString());
        tv_temp.setText(list.get(i).get("temp").toString());
        tv_time.setText(list.get(i).get("ctime").toString());
        return view;
    }
}

项目代码下载也可以加扣扣：1416759661