C++日志开源库log4cpp快速使用示例

                            C++日志开源库log4cpp快速使用示例

一、简介

log4cpp是由C++实现，可输出到控制台、日志文件、syslog

二、源码下载

https://sourceforge.net/projects/log4cpp/files/

官网地址：http://log4cpp.sourceforge.net/

三、编译

tar -zxvf log4cpp-1.1.3.tar.gz

cd log4cpp;mkdir txh

./configure --prefix=/home/tanxiaohai/github_project/log4cpp/txh

make ;make install

可在log4cpp/txh这个目录下看到编译成功的库lib和头文件include

 

四、测试

1、只使用静态库测试

mv lib lib.bak

mkdir lib; mv lib.bak/liblog4cpp.a lib/

2、测试代码

在txh目录下创建main.cpp

/**
 * @brief log4cpp is library of C++ classes for flexible logging to file,syslog, IDSA and other destinations.
 * 官网：http://log4cpp.sourceforge.net/
 * 源码下载：https://sourceforge.net/projects/log4cpp/files/
 *
 * 线程安全
 */

/**
 * @brief 需实现以下功能
 * 1、日志格式
 * 2、输出到console
 * 3、输出到file
 * 4、输出到syslog
 * 5、配置文件控制日志
 */
#include <unistd.h>
#include "log4cpp/Category.hh"
#include "log4cpp/Appender.hh"
#include "log4cpp/FileAppender.hh"
#include "log4cpp/OstreamAppender.hh"
#include "log4cpp/Layout.hh"
#include "log4cpp/BasicLayout.hh"
#include "log4cpp/Priority.hh"
#include "log4cpp/PropertyConfigurator.hh"
#include "log4cpp/SyslogAppender.hh"
#include "log4cpp/LoggingEvent.hh"
#include <log4cpp/PatternLayout.hh>


static void case1()
{
    // 控制台标准输出
    log4cpp::Appender *appender1 = new log4cpp::OstreamAppender("console", &std::cout);
	appender1->setLayout(new log4cpp::BasicLayout());

    // 输出到文件program.log
	log4cpp::Appender *appender2 = new log4cpp::FileAppender("default", "program.log");
	appender2->setLayout(new log4cpp::BasicLayout());

	log4cpp::Category& root = log4cpp::Category::getRoot();
	root.setPriority(log4cpp::Priority::WARN);
	root.addAppender(appender1);

	log4cpp::Category& sub1 = log4cpp::Category::getInstance(std::string("sub1"));
	sub1.addAppender(appender2);

	// use of functions for logging messages
	root.error("root error");
	root.info("root info");
	sub1.error("sub1 error");
	sub1.warn("sub1 warn");

	// printf-style for logging variables
	root.warn("%d + %d == %s ?", 1, 1, "two");

	// use of streams for logging messages
	root << log4cpp::Priority::ERROR << "Streamed root error";
	root << log4cpp::Priority::INFO << "Streamed root info";
	sub1 << log4cpp::Priority::ERROR << "Streamed sub1 error";
	sub1 << log4cpp::Priority::WARN << "Streamed sub1 warn";

	// or this way:
	root.errorStream() << "Another streamed error";
}


/**
 * @brief 以设置的日志格式输出到标准输出、syslog、日志文件
 * 日志格式项
 PatternLayout supports following set of format characters:
 %% - a single percent sign
 %c - the category
 %d - the date\n Date format: The date format character may be followed by a date format specifier enclosed between braces. For example, %d{%H:%M:%S,%l} or %d{%d %m %Y %H:%M:%S,%l}. If no date format specifier is given then the following format is used: "Wed Jan 02 02:03:55 1980". The date format specifier admits the same syntax as the ANSI C function strftime, with 1 addition. The addition is the specifier %l for milliseconds, padded with zeros to make 3 digits.
 %m - the message
 %n - the platform specific line separator
 %p - the priority
 %r - milliseconds since this layout was created.
 %R - seconds since Jan 1, 1970
 %u - clock ticks since process start
 %x - the NDC
 %t - thread name
 By default, ConversionPattern for PatternLayout is set to "%m%n".
*/
static void case2()
{
    auto getLayout = []()
    {
        log4cpp::PatternLayout* layout = new log4cpp::PatternLayout();
        layout->setConversionPattern("%d{%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S} [%p] %c %m%n"); // 可设置自己喜欢的日志格式
        return layout;
    };

    // 控制台标准输出
    log4cpp::Appender *consoleAppender = new log4cpp::OstreamAppender("console", &std::cout);
	consoleAppender->setLayout(getLayout());

    // 日志文件txh.log
	log4cpp::Appender *fileAppender = new log4cpp::FileAppender("default", "txh.log");
	fileAppender->setLayout(getLayout());

    // linux日志/var/log/syslog
    log4cpp::SyslogAppender* syslogAppender = new log4cpp::SyslogAppender("syslog", "txh");
    syslogAppender->setLayout(getLayout());


    // log4cpp::Category& root = log4cpp::Category::getRoot();
    log4cpp::Category& root = log4cpp::Category::getInstance(std::string("txh"));

	root.setPriority(log4cpp::Priority::WARN);  // 设置日志优先级 FATAL,ALERT,CRIT,ERROR,WARN,NOTICE,INFO,DEBUG

	root.addAppender(syslogAppender);           // 添加日志输出目标
	root.addAppender(consoleAppender);
    root.addAppender(fileAppender);

    while(1)
    {
        root.error("%s %d times" , "caonima", 100);
        root.warn("%s %d times" , "caonima", 100);

        root.info("%s %d times" , "caonima", 100);         // Priority之后的不会打印
        root.debug("%s %d times" , "caonima", 100);
        sleep(1);
    }
}


// @brief 根据配置文件设置日志
/*
    # log4cpp.properties

    log4cpp.rootCategory=DEBUG, rootAppender
    log4cpp.category.sub1=DEBUG, A1, A2
    log4cpp.category.sub1.sub2=DEBUG, A3

    log4cpp.appender.rootAppender=ConsoleAppender
    log4cpp.appender.rootAppender.layout=PatternLayout
    log4cpp.appender.rootAppender.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%p] %m%n

    log4cpp.appender.A1=FileAppender
    log4cpp.appender.A1.fileName=A1.log
    log4cpp.appender.A1.layout=BasicLayout

    log4cpp.appender.A2=FileAppender
    log4cpp.appender.A2.threshold=WARN
    log4cpp.appender.A2.fileName=A2.log
    log4cpp.appender.A2.layout=PatternLayout
    log4cpp.appender.A2.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%p] %m%n

    log4cpp.appender.A3=RollingFileAppender
    log4cpp.appender.A3.fileName=A3.log
    log4cpp.appender.A3.maxFileSize=200
    log4cpp.appender.A3.maxBackupIndex=1
    log4cpp.appender.A3.layout=PatternLayout
    log4cpp.appender.A3.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%p] %m%n
*/
static void case3()
{
    std::string initFileName = "log4cpp.properties";
    log4cpp::PropertyConfigurator::configure(initFileName);

    log4cpp::Category& root = log4cpp::Category::getRoot();

    log4cpp::Category& sub1 =
        log4cpp::Category::getInstance(std::string("sub1"));

    log4cpp::Category& sub2 =
        log4cpp::Category::getInstance(std::string("sub1.sub2"));

    log4cpp::Category& txh =
        log4cpp::Category::getInstance(std::string("txhAppender"));

    root.warn("storm is coming");

    sub1.debug("Received storm warning");
    sub1.info("Closing all hatches");

    sub2.debug("Hiding solar panels");
    sub2.error("Solar panels are blocked");
    sub2.debug("Applying protective shield");
    sub2.warn("Unfolding protective shield");
    sub2.info("Solar panels are shielded");

    sub1.info("All hatches closed");
    root.info("Ready for storm.");

    while(1)
    {
        txh.info("caonima");
        sleep(1);
    }

    log4cpp::Category::shutdown();

}

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    int index = 1;
    if (argc >= 2)
    {
        index = atoi(argv[1]);
    }

    switch (index)
    {
        case 1:
            case1();
            break;
        case 2:
            case2();
            break;
        case 3:
            case3();
            break;
        default:
            std::cout<<"Please input correct test case index"<<std::endl;
            break;
    }

    return 0;
}

在txh目录下创建Makefile

CXX=g++
RM=rm
SRC=main.cpp
CFLAGS=-llog4cpp -lpthread -std=c++11
BIN=main

all:
	$(CXX) -Iinclude -Llib $(SRC) $(CFLAGS) -o $(BIN)

clean:
	$(RM) -rf $(BIN) *.o

执行make即可生成可执行文件main

3、测试

（1）./main 1

在标准输出和日志文件program.log生成日志

（2）./main 2

在标准输出、日志文件txh.log、/var/log/syslog中生成日志

 

（3）创建配置文件

log4cpp.properties

log4cpp.rootCategory=DEBUG, rootAppender
log4cpp.category.sub1=DEBUG, A1, A2
log4cpp.category.sub1.sub2=DEBUG, A3
log4cpp.category.txhAppender=DEBUG, txh

log4cpp.appender.rootAppender=ConsoleAppender
log4cpp.appender.rootAppender.layout=PatternLayout
log4cpp.appender.rootAppender.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%p] %m%n 

log4cpp.appender.A1=FileAppender
log4cpp.appender.A1.fileName=A1.log
log4cpp.appender.A1.layout=BasicLayout

log4cpp.appender.A2=FileAppender
log4cpp.appender.A2.threshold=WARN
log4cpp.appender.A2.fileName=A2.log
log4cpp.appender.A2.layout=PatternLayout
log4cpp.appender.A2.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%p] %m%n 

log4cpp.appender.A3=RollingFileAppender
log4cpp.appender.A3.fileName=A3.log
log4cpp.appender.A3.maxFileSize=200
log4cpp.appender.A3.maxBackupIndex=1
log4cpp.appender.A3.layout=PatternLayout
log4cpp.appender.A3.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%p] %m%n 

log4cpp.appender.txh=SyslogAppender
log4cpp.appender.txh.layout=PatternLayout
log4cpp.appender.txh.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%p] %m%n

执行./main 3

在标准输出、日志文件A1.log,A2.log,A3.log、/var/log/syslog生成日志文件

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http://blog.csdn.net/tanhuifang520