mysql sql练习

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-16 08:04:41 发布
最新推荐文章于 2023-05-16 08:04:41 发布
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分类专栏： mysql select tanliqing的大数据之家 文章标签： sql查询 子查询
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/tanliqing2010/article/details/80513860
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1. 准备数据工作

DROP TABLE DEPT;
--部门表
CREATE TABLE DEPT(
    DEPTNO int  PRIMARY KEY,
    DNAME VARCHAR(14) , --部门名称
    LOC VARCHAR(13)  ---部门地址
    ) ;

CREATE TABLE DEPT(
    DEPTNO int  PRIMARY KEY,
    DNAME VARCHAR(14) , 
    LOC VARCHAR(13) 
    ) ;


    INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES    (10,'ACCOUNTING','NEW YORK');
    INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES (20,'RESEARCH','DALLAS');
    INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES    (30,'SALES','CHICAGO');
    INSERT INTO DEPT VALUES    (40,'OPERATIONS','BOSTON');



DROP TABLE EMP;
--员工表
CREATE TABLE EMP(
    EMPNO int  PRIMARY KEY, --员工编号
    ENAME VARCHAR(10), ---员工姓名
    JOB VARCHAR(9), --员工工作
    MGR int, ----员工直属领导编号
    HIREDATE DATE, ----入职时间
    SAL double, ---工资
    COMM double, --奖金
    DEPTNO int  REFERENCES DEPT);  --关联dept表


    CREATE TABLE EMP(
        EMPNO int  PRIMARY KEY,
        ENAME VARCHAR(10),
        JOB VARCHAR(9),
        MGR int, 
        HIREDATE DATE, 
        SAL double,
        COMM double,
        DEPTNO int ,
        foreign key EMP(DEPTNO) REFERENCES DEPT(DEPTNO)
    );  


INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7369,'SMITH','CLERK',7902,"1980-12-17",800,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7499,'ALLEN','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-02-20',1600,300,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7521,'WARD','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-02-22',1250,500,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7566,'JONES','MANAGER',7839,'1981-04-02',2975,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7654,'MARTIN','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-09-28',1250,1400,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7698,'BLAKE','MANAGER',7839,'1981-05-01',2850,NULL,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7782,'CLARK','MANAGER',7839,'1981-06-09',2450,NULL,10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7788,'SCOTT','ANALYST',7566,'1987-07-03',3000,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7839,'KING','PRESIDENT',NULL,'1981-11-17',5000,NULL,10);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7844,'TURNER','SALESMAN',7698,'1981-09-08',1500,0,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7876,'ADAMS','CLERK',7788,'1987-07-13',1100,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7900,'JAMES','CLERK',7698,'1981-12-03',950,NULL,30);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7902,'FORD','ANALYST',7566,'1981-12-03',3000,NULL,20);
INSERT INTO EMP VALUES(7934,'MILLER','CLERK',7782,'1981-01-23',1300,NULL,10);

DROP TABLE SALGRADE;
//工资等级表
CREATE TABLE SALGRADE( 
    GRADE int,--等级
    LOSAL double, --最低工资
    HISAL double ); --最高工次

    CREATE TABLE SALGRADE( 
    GRADE int,
    LOSAL double, 
    HISAL double );
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (1,700,1200);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (2,1201,1400);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (3,1401,2000);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (4,2001,3000);
INSERT INTO SALGRADE VALUES (5,3001,9999);

2. 单表操作

--2.1 查找部门30中员工的详细信息。
select * from emp where deptno = 30;
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where deptno = 30;                     
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+ 
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB      | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO | 
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+ 
|  7499 | ALLEN  | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |  300 |     30 | 
|  7521 | WARD   | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250 |  500 |     30 | 
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 |     30 | 
|  7698 | BLAKE  | MANAGER  | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 | 
|  7844 | TURNER | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500 |    0 |     30 | 
|  7900 | JAMES  | CLERK    | 7698 | 1981-12-03 |  950 | NULL |     30 | 
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+ 
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)     

-- 2.2  找出从事clerk工作的员工的编号、姓名、部门号。
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where job='clerk';
+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB   | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7369 | SMITH  | CLERK | 7902 | 1980-12-17 |  800 | NULL |     20 |
|  7876 | ADAMS  | CLERK | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |
|  7900 | JAMES  | CLERK | 7698 | 1981-12-03 |  950 | NULL |     30 |
|  7934 | MILLER | CLERK | 7782 | 1981-01-23 | 1300 | NULL |     10 |
+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 2.3 检索出奖金多于基本工资的员工信息。
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where comm > sal;                       
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+  
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB      | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |  
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+  
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 |     30 |  
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+  
1 row in set (0.02 sec)                                                   

MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where ifnull(comm ,0)> sal;             
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+  
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB      | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |  
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+  
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 |     30 |  
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+  
1 row in set (0.05 sec)  

-- 2.4 检索出奖金多于基本工资60%的员工信息。
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where comm > sal * 0.6;
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB      | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 |     30 |
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
-- 2.5 找出10部门的经理(job=Manger)、20部门的职员(job=clerk) 的员工信息。
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where (job='manager' and deptno = 10 ) or (deptno = 20 and job = 'clerk');
+-------+-------+---------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME | JOB     | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+-------+---------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7369 | SMITH | CLERK   | 7902 | 1980-12-17 |  800 | NULL |     20 |
|  7782 | CLARK | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |
|  7876 | ADAMS | CLERK   | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |
+-------+-------+---------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
-- 2.6 找出10部门的经理、20部门的职员 或者既不是经理也不是职员但是工资高于2000元的员工信息。
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where (deptno = 10 and job = 'manager') or (deptno = 20 and job = 'clerk') or (job no t in ('manager' , 'clerk') and sal > 2000);
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7369 | SMITH | CLERK     | 7902 | 1980-12-17 |  800 | NULL |     20 |
|  7782 | CLARK | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |
|  7788 | SCOTT | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 5000 | NULL |     10 |
|  7876 | ADAMS | CLERK     | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |
|  7902 | FORD  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
-- 2.7 找出获得奖金的员工的工作。
mysql> select * from emp where ifnull(comm,0)>0;
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB      | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7499 | ALLEN  | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |  300 |     30 |
|  7521 | WARD   | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250 |  500 |     30 |
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 |     30 |
+-------+--------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

-- 2.8 找出奖金少于100或者没有获得奖金的员工的信息。
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where ifnull(comm , 0) < 100;
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7369 | SMITH  | CLERK     | 7902 | 1980-12-17 |  800 | NULL |     20 |
|  7566 | JONES  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | NULL |     20 |
|  7698 | BLAKE  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |
|  7782 | CLARK  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |
|  7788 | SCOTT  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7839 | KING   | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 5000 | NULL |     10 |
|  7844 | TURNER | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500 |    0 |     30 |
|  7876 | ADAMS  | CLERK     | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |
|  7900 | JAMES  | CLERK     | 7698 | 1981-12-03 |  950 | NULL |     30 |
|  7902 | FORD   | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7934 | MILLER | CLERK     | 7782 | 1981-01-23 | 1300 | NULL |     10 |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
11 rows in set (0.01 sec)
-- 2.9 找出姓名以A、B、S开始的员工信息。
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where  ename like 'A%' or ename like 'B%' or ename like 's%';
+-------+-------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME | JOB      | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+-------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7369 | SMITH | CLERK    | 7902 | 1980-12-17 |  800 | NULL |     20 |
|  7499 | ALLEN | SALESMAN | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |  300 |     30 |
|  7698 | BLAKE | MANAGER  | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |
|  7788 | SCOTT | ANALYST  | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7876 | ADAMS | CLERK    | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |
+-------+-------+----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 2.10 找到名字长度为7个字符的员工信息。 
 MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where ename like '_______';
Empty set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where length(ename)=7;
Empty set (0.05 sec)
--2.11 名字中不包含R字符的员工信息。 
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where ename not like '%R%';
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7369 | SMITH | CLERK     | 7902 | 1980-12-17 |  800 | NULL |     20 |
|  7499 | ALLEN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |  300 |     30 |
|  7566 | JONES | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | NULL |     20 |
|  7698 | BLAKE | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |
|  7788 | SCOTT | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 5000 | NULL |     10 |
|  7876 | ADAMS | CLERK     | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |
|  7900 | JAMES | CLERK     | 7698 | 1981-12-03 |  950 | NULL |     30 |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 2.12 返回员工的详细信息并按姓名排序。 
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp order by ename ;
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7876 | ADAMS  | CLERK     | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |
|  7499 | ALLEN  | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |  300 |     30 |
|  7698 | BLAKE  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |
|  7782 | CLARK  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |
|  7902 | FORD   | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7900 | JAMES  | CLERK     | 7698 | 1981-12-03 |  950 | NULL |     30 |
|  7566 | JONES  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | NULL |     20 |
|  7839 | KING   | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 5000 | NULL |     10 |
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 |     30 |
|  7934 | MILLER | CLERK     | 7782 | 1981-01-23 | 1300 | NULL |     10 |
|  7788 | SCOTT  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7369 | SMITH  | CLERK     | 7902 | 1980-12-17 |  800 | NULL |     20 |
|  7844 | TURNER | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500 |    0 |     30 |
|  7521 | WARD   | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250 |  500 |     30 |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)     
-- 2.13 返回员工的信息并按工作降序工资升序排列。  
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp order by job desc , sal;
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7521 | WARD   | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250 |  500 |     30 |
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 |     30 |
|  7844 | TURNER | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500 |    0 |     30 |
|  7499 | ALLEN  | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |  300 |     30 |
|  7839 | KING   | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 5000 | NULL |     10 |
|  7782 | CLARK  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |
|  7698 | BLAKE  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |
|  7566 | JONES  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | NULL |     20 |
|  7369 | SMITH  | CLERK     | 7902 | 1980-12-17 |  800 | NULL |     20 |
|  7900 | JAMES  | CLERK     | 7698 | 1981-12-03 |  950 | NULL |     30 |
|  7876 | ADAMS  | CLERK     | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |
|  7934 | MILLER | CLERK     | 7782 | 1981-01-23 | 1300 | NULL |     10 |
|  7902 | FORD   | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7788 | SCOTT  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 2.14 计算员工的年薪
MariaDB [test]> select ename , sal*12 + ifnull(comm,0) as yearsal from emp ;
+--------+---------+
| ename  | yearsal |
+--------+---------+
| SMITH  |    9600 |
| ALLEN  |   19500 |
| WARD   |   15500 |
| JONES  |   35700 |
| MARTIN |   16400 |
| BLAKE  |   34200 |
| CLARK  |   29400 |
| SCOTT  |   36000 |
| KING   |   60000 |
| TURNER |   18000 |
| ADAMS  |   13200 |
| JAMES  |   11400 |
| FORD   |   36000 |
| MILLER |   15600 |
+--------+---------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 返回部门号及其本部门的最低工资。                              
MariaDB [test]> select min(sal) ,deptno from emp group by deptno;
+----------+--------+
| min(sal) | deptno |
+----------+--------+
|     1300 |     10 |
|      800 |     20 |
|      950 |     30 |
+----------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3. 多表联合查询

--1、返回拥有员工的部门名、部门号。
MariaDB [test]> select distinct(e.deptno) , d.dname from emp as e left join dept as d on e.deptno = d.deptno ;
+--------+------------+
| deptno | dname      |
+--------+------------+
|     10 | accpunting |
|     20 | RESEARCH   |
|     30 | SALES      |
+--------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

--子查询
MariaDB [test]> select * from dept where deptno in (select distinct(deptno) from emp);
+--------+------------+----------+
| deptno | dname      | loc      |
+--------+------------+----------+
|     10 | accpunting | new york |
|     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
|     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
+--------+------------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

--2、工资水平多于smith的员工信息
-- 子查询
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where sal > (select sal from emp where ename='smith');    
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+                   
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |                   
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+                   
|  7499 | ALLEN  | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |  300 |     30 |                   
|  7521 | WARD   | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250 |  500 |     30 |                   
|  7566 | JONES  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | NULL |     20 |                   
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 |     30 |                   
|  7698 | BLAKE  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |                   
|  7782 | CLARK  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |                   
|  7788 | SCOTT  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |                   
|  7839 | KING   | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 5000 | NULL |     10 |                   
|  7844 | TURNER | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500 |    0 |     30 |                   
|  7876 | ADAMS  | CLERK     | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |                   
|  7900 | JAMES  | CLERK     | 7698 | 1981-12-03 |  950 | NULL |     30 |                   
|  7902 | FORD   | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |                   
|  7934 | MILLER | CLERK     | 7782 | 1981-01-23 | 1300 | NULL |     10 |                   
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+                   
13 rows in set (0.01 sec) 
---多表联合查询 
mysql> select e1.* from emp as e1 , emp as e2 where e2.ename = 'smith' and e1.sal > e2.sal;
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7499 | ALLEN  | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |  300 |     30 |
|  7521 | WARD   | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250 |  500 |     30 |
|  7566 | JONES  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | NULL |     20 |
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 |     30 |
|  7698 | BLAKE  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |
|  7782 | CLARK  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |
|  7788 | SCOTT  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7839 | KING   | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 5000 | NULL |     10 |
|  7844 | TURNER | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500 |    0 |     30 |
|  7876 | ADAMS  | CLERK     | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |
|  7900 | JAMES  | CLERK     | 7698 | 1981-12-03 |  950 | NULL |     30 |
|  7902 | FORD   | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7934 | MILLER | CLERK     | 7782 | 1981-01-23 | 1300 | NULL |     10 |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
13 rows in set (0.00 sec)


--3、返回员工和所属经理的姓名
MariaDB [test]> select e1.ename as ename , e2.ename as mname from emp as e1 left join emp as e2 on e1.mgr = e2.empno;
+--------+-------+
| ename  | mname |
+--------+-------+
| SMITH  | FORD  |
| ALLEN  | BLAKE |
| WARD   | BLAKE |
| JONES  | KING  |
| MARTIN | BLAKE |
| BLAKE  | KING  |
| CLARK  | KING  |
| SCOTT  | JONES |
| KING   | NULL  |
| TURNER | BLAKE |
| ADAMS  | SCOTT |
| JAMES  | BLAKE |
| FORD   | JONES |
| MILLER | CLARK |
+--------+-------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
--4、返回雇员的雇佣日期早于其经理雇佣日期的员工及其经理姓名。
MariaDB [test]> select e1.ename as ename , e2.ename as mname from emp as e1 left join emp as e2 on e1.mgr=e2.empno where e1.hiredate > e2.hiredate;
+--------+-------+
| ename  | mname |
+--------+-------+
| MARTIN | BLAKE |
| SCOTT  | JONES |
| TURNER | BLAKE |
| ADAMS  | SCOTT |
| JAMES  | BLAKE |
| FORD   | JONES |
+--------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
--5、返回员工姓名及其所在的部门名称。
MariaDB [test]> select e.ename , d.dname from emp as e left join dept as d on e.deptno = d.deptno;
+--------+------------+
| ename  | dname      |
+--------+------------+
| SMITH  | RESEARCH   |
| ALLEN  | SALES      |
| WARD   | SALES      |
| JONES  | RESEARCH   |
| MARTIN | SALES      |
| BLAKE  | SALES      |
| CLARK  | accpunting |
| SCOTT  | RESEARCH   |
| KING   | accpunting |
| TURNER | SALES      |
| ADAMS  | RESEARCH   |
| JAMES  | SALES      |
| FORD   | RESEARCH   |
| MILLER | accpunting |
+--------+------------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
--6、返回从事clerk工作的员工姓名和所在部门名称。

--- 多表联合查询
MariaDB [test]> select e.ename , d.dname from emp as e left join dept as d on e.deptno=d.deptno where e.job='clerk';
+--------+------------+
| ename  | dname      |
+--------+------------+
| SMITH  | RESEARCH   |
| ADAMS  | RESEARCH   |
| JAMES  | SALES      |
| MILLER | accpunting |
+--------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

--- 子查询
mysql> select * from (select * from emp where job = 'clerk') as c left join dept as d on c.deptno=d.deptno;
+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+------+------+--------+--------+------------+----------+
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB   | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO | DEPTNO | DNAME      | LOC      |
+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+------+------+--------+--------+------------+----------+
|  7369 | SMITH  | CLERK | 7902 | 1980-12-17 |  800 | NULL |     20 |     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
|  7876 | ADAMS  | CLERK | 7788 | 1987-07-13 | 1100 | NULL |     20 |     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
|  7900 | JAMES  | CLERK | 7698 | 1981-12-03 |  950 | NULL |     30 |     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
|  7934 | MILLER | CLERK | 7782 | 1981-01-23 | 1300 | NULL |     10 |     10 | ACCOUNTING | NEW YORK |
+-------+--------+-------+------+------------+------+------+--------+--------+------------+----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

--7、返回部门名称及其本部门的最低工资。
MariaDB [test]> select min(sal) , d.dname from emp as e left join dept as d on e.deptno = d.deptno group by e.deptno;
+----------+------------+
| min(sal) | dname      |
+----------+------------+
|     1300 | accpunting |
|      800 | RESEARCH   |
|      950 | SALES      |
+----------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
-- 子查询
MariaDB [test]> select tmp.minsal , d.dname from (select min(sal) as minsal, deptno from emp group by deptno) as tmp left join dept as d on tmp.deptno = d.deptno;
+--------+------------+
| minsal | dname      |
+--------+------------+
|   1300 | accpunting |
|    800 | RESEARCH   |
|    950 | SALES      |
+--------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
--8、返回销售部(sales)所有员工的姓名。
MariaDB [test]> select e.ename from emp as e left join dept as d on e.deptno = d.deptno where d.dname='sales';
+--------+
| ename  |
+--------+
| ALLEN  |
| WARD   |
| MARTIN |
| BLAKE  |
| TURNER |
| JAMES  |
+--------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
--9、返回工资水平多于平均工资的员工。
-- 子查询
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where sal > (select avg(sal) from emp );
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7566 | JONES | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | NULL |     20 |
|  7698 | BLAKE | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |
|  7782 | CLARK | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |
|  7788 | SCOTT | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 5000 | NULL |     10 |
|  7902 | FORD  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)
--10、返回与SCOTT从事相同工作的员工。
--子查询
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where job=(select job from emp where ename='scott') and ename<>'scott';
+-------+-------+---------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME | JOB     | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+-------+---------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7902 | FORD  | ANALYST | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
+-------+-------+---------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

--12、返回工资高于30部门所有员工工资水平的员工信息。
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp where sal>=(select avg(sal) from emp where deptno = 30);
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
| EMPNO | ENAME | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
|  7499 | ALLEN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |  300 |     30 |
|  7566 | JONES | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | NULL |     20 |
|  7698 | BLAKE | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |
|  7782 | CLARK | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |
|  7788 | SCOTT | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
|  7839 | KING  | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 5000 | NULL |     10 |
|  7902 | FORD  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |
+-------+-------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
--13、返回部门号、部门名、部门所在位置及其每个部门的员工总数。
MariaDB [test]> select count(e.ename) , d.deptno , d.dname ,d.loc from emp as e left join dept as d on e.deptno = d.deptno group by d.deptno;
+----------------+--------+------------+----------+
| count(e.ename) | deptno | dname      | loc      |
+----------------+--------+------------+----------+
|              3 |     10 | accpunting | new york |
|              5 |     20 | RESEARCH   | DALLAS   |
|              6 |     30 | SALES      | CHICAGO  |
+----------------+--------+------------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
--14、返回员工的姓名、所在部门名及其工资。
MariaDB [test]> select e.ename ,  d.dname ,e.sal from emp as e left join dept as d on e.deptno = d.deptno;
+--------+------------+------+
| ename  | dname      | sal  |
+--------+------------+------+
| SMITH  | RESEARCH   |  800 |
| ALLEN  | SALES      | 1600 |
| WARD   | SALES      | 1250 |
| JONES  | RESEARCH   | 2975 |
| MARTIN | SALES      | 1250 |
| BLAKE  | SALES      | 2850 |
| CLARK  | accpunting | 2450 |
| SCOTT  | RESEARCH   | 3000 |
| KING   | accpunting | 5000 |
| TURNER | SALES      | 1500 |
| ADAMS  | RESEARCH   | 1100 |
| JAMES  | SALES      |  950 |
| FORD   | RESEARCH   | 3000 |
| MILLER | accpunting | 1300 |
+--------+------------+------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
--15、返回员工的详细信息。(包括部门名)
--16、返回员工工作及其从事此工作的最低工资。
-- 子查询
MariaDB [test]> select e.ename , e.job , t.minsal from emp as e left join (select min(sal) as minsal, job from emp group by job) as t on e.job=t.job;
+--------+-----------+--------+
| ename  | job       | minsal |
+--------+-----------+--------+
| SMITH  | CLERK     |    800 |
| ALLEN  | SALESMAN  |   1250 |
| WARD   | SALESMAN  |   1250 |
| JONES  | MANAGER   |   2450 |
| MARTIN | SALESMAN  |   1250 |
| BLAKE  | MANAGER   |   2450 |
| CLARK  | MANAGER   |   2450 |
| SCOTT  | ANALYST   |   3000 |
| KING   | PRESIDENT |   5000 |
| TURNER | SALESMAN  |   1250 |
| ADAMS  | CLERK     |    800 |
| JAMES  | CLERK     |    800 |
| FORD   | ANALYST   |   3000 |
| MILLER | CLERK     |    800 |
+--------+-----------+--------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)
--17、返回不同部门经理的最低工资。
MariaDB [test]> select min(sal), deptno from emp  where job='manager'  group by deptno;
+----------+--------+
| min(sal) | deptno |
+----------+--------+
|     2450 |     10 |
|     2975 |     20 |
|     2850 |     30 |
+----------+--------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

--18、计算出员工的年薪，并且以年薪排序
MariaDB [test]> select sal*12+ifnull(comm,0) as salcount , ename from emp order by salcount;  
+----------+--------+                                                                         
| salcount | ename  |                                                                         
+----------+--------+                                                                         
|     9600 | SMITH  |                                                                         
|    11400 | JAMES  |                                                                         
|    13200 | ADAMS  |                                                                         
|    15500 | WARD   |                                                                         
|    15600 | MILLER |                                                                         
|    16400 | MARTIN |                                                                         
|    18000 | TURNER |                                                                         
|    19500 | ALLEN  |                                                                         
|    29400 | CLARK  |                                                                         
|    34200 | BLAKE  |                                                                         
|    35700 | JONES  |                                                                         
|    36000 | FORD   |                                                                         
|    36000 | SCOTT  |                                                                         
|    60000 | KING   |                                                                         
+----------+--------+                                                                         
14 rows in set (0.02 sec)                                                                     
--19、返回工资处于第四级别的员工的姓名。
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp ,salgrade where sal between losal and hisal and salgrade.grade=4;
+-------+-------+---------+------+------------+------+------+--------+-------+-------+-------+
| EMPNO | ENAME | JOB     | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO | GRADE | LOSAL | HISAL |
+-------+-------+---------+------+------------+------+------+--------+-------+-------+-------+
|  7566 | JONES | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | NULL |     20 |     4 |  2001 |  3000 |
|  7698 | BLAKE | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |     4 |  2001 |  3000 |
|  7782 | CLARK | MANAGER | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |     4 |  2001 |  3000 |
|  7788 | SCOTT | ANALYST | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |     4 |  2001 |  3000 |
|  7902 | FORD  | ANALYST | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |     4 |  2001 |  3000 |
+-------+-------+---------+------+------------+------+------+--------+-------+-------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
--20、返回工资为二等级的职员名字、部门所在地、和二等级的最低工资和最高工资

--21、返回工资为二等级的职员名字、部门所在地、二等级员工工资的最低工资和最高工资
MariaDB [test]> select (select min(sal)  from emp as e , salgrade as s where e.sal between s.losal and s .hisal and s . grade=2) as min ,t.ename , d.loc  from (select * from emp as e , salgrade as s where e.sal between s.losal and s .hisal  and s.grade=2) as t left join dept as d on t.deptno=d.deptno;
+------+--------+----------+
| min  | ENAME  | loc      |
+------+--------+----------+
| 1250 | WARD   | CHICAGO  |
| 1250 | MARTIN | CHICAGO  |
| 1250 | MILLER | new york |
+------+--------+----------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
--22.工资等级多于smith的员工信息。
MariaDB [test]> select * from emp  as e ,salgrade as s where sal between losal and hisal  and s.grade > (select s.grade  from emp as e , salgrade as s where sal between losal and hisal and e.ename = 'smith');
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+-------+-------+-------+
| EMPNO | ENAME  | JOB       | MGR  | HIREDATE   | SAL  | COMM | DEPTNO | GRADE | LOSAL | HISAL |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+-------+-------+-------+
|  7499 | ALLEN  | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-20 | 1600 |  300 |     30 |     3 |  1401 |  2000 |
|  7521 | WARD   | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-02-22 | 1250 |  500 |     30 |     2 |  1201 |  1400 |
|  7566 | JONES  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-04-02 | 2975 | NULL |     20 |     4 |  2001 |  3000 |
|  7654 | MARTIN | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-28 | 1250 | 1400 |     30 |     2 |  1201 |  1400 |
|  7698 | BLAKE  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-05-01 | 2850 | NULL |     30 |     4 |  2001 |  3000 |
|  7782 | CLARK  | MANAGER   | 7839 | 1981-06-09 | 2450 | NULL |     10 |     4 |  2001 |  3000 |
|  7788 | SCOTT  | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1987-07-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |     4 |  2001 |  3000 |
|  7839 | KING   | PRESIDENT | NULL | 1981-11-17 | 5000 | NULL |     10 |     5 |  3001 |  9999 |
|  7844 | TURNER | SALESMAN  | 7698 | 1981-09-08 | 1500 |    0 |     30 |     3 |  1401 |  2000 |
|  7902 | FORD   | ANALYST   | 7566 | 1981-12-03 | 3000 | NULL |     20 |     4 |  2001 |  3000 |
|  7934 | MILLER | CLERK     | 7782 | 1981-01-23 | 1300 | NULL |     10 |     2 |  1201 |  1400 |
+-------+--------+-----------+------+------------+------+------+--------+-------+-------+-------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4. 子查询

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