XNA系列(4)

XNA Game Studio 3.0

How To: Draw Text

Demonstrates how to import a SpriteFont into a project and draw text using DrawString.

Note

As with most types of software, font files are licensed rather than sold. Font licenses vary from vendor to vendor, but most do not allow redistribution of the fonts. That includes redistribution of reproductions such as bitmaps containing the rasterized character set. This is true of many of the licenses covering fonts that Microsoft supplies with applications and the Windows operating systems. Therefore, be careful to ensure that you have the required license rights to redistribute any font you include as a bitmap containing the rasterized character set in your game! 注意：开发游戏时需要获得字体的license。又见copyright.

Note

The following list of fonts are installed by XNA Game Studio and are redistributable: Kooten.ttf Linds.ttf Miramo.ttf Bold Miramob.ttf Peric.ttf Pericl.ttf Pesca.ttf Pescab.ttf These OpenType fonts, created by Ascender Corporation and licensed by Microsoft, are free for you to use in your XNA Game Studio game. You may redistribute these fonts in their original format as part of your game. These fonts were previously available only on the XNA Creators Club Online website. 以上是可重新发布的字体。微软好大方。

The Complete Sample

The code in this topic shows you the technique. You can download a complete code sample for this topic, including full source code and any additional supporting files required by the sample.

Download FontDemo_Sample.zip.

Adding a Sprite Font and Drawing Text

To add a sprite font

1. Right-click your Content project in Solution Explorer, click Add, and then click New Item.

2. From the Add New Item dialog box, click Sprite Font.

   You may find it convenient at this point to change the name of the new file from "SpriteFont1" to the friendly name of the font you intend to load (leaving the file extension as ".spritefont"). The friendly name is the name that identifies the font once it is installed on your computer. For example, "Courier New" or "Times New Roman."

   XNA Game Studio creates a new .spritefont file for your font and opens it. （修改名称，使其具备可读性。）

3. If you did not name the new file with the font's friendly name, type the friendly name of the font to load into the FontName element.

   Again, this is not the name of a font file, but rather the name that identifies the font once it is installed on your computer. You can use the Fonts folder in the Control Panel to see the names of fonts installed on your system, and to install new ones as well. The content pipeline supports the same fonts as the System.Drawing.Font class, including TrueType fonts, but not bitmap (.fon) fonts. You may find it convenient to save the new .spritefont file using this friendly name.

4. If necessary, change the Size entry to the point size you desire for your font. 改变字体大小

5. If necessary, change the Style entry to the style of font to import. 改变字体风格

   You can specify Regular, Bold, Italic, or Bold, Italic. The Style entry is case sensitive.

6. Specify the character regions to import for this font.

   Character regions specify which characters in the font are rendered by the SpriteFont. You can specify the start and end of the region by using the characters themselves, or by using their decimal values with a &# prefix. The default character region includes all the characters between the space and tilde characters, inclusive. 选择区域

To draw text on screen

1. Add a Sprite Font to your project as described above.

2. Create a SpriteFont object to encapsulate the imported font. 创建字体对象

3. Create a SpriteBatch object for drawing the font onscreen. 创建精灵，这个词真是不好理解，总之就是能在屏幕上显示的咚咚。

4. In your LoadContent method, call ContentManager.Load, specifying the SpriteFont class and the asset name of the imported font. 在Load的时候指定字体信息。

5. Create your SpriteBatch object, passing the current GraphicsDevice.

   C#

   Copy Code

   SpriteFont Font1;
   Vector2 FontPos;
   protected override void LoadContent()
   {
       // Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures.
       spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice);
       Font1 = Content.Load<SpriteFont>("Courier New");
   
       // TODO: Load your game content here            
       FontPos = new Vector2(graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width / 2,
           graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Height / 2);
   }
   

6. In your Draw method, call Begin on the SpriteBatch object.

   If you select your own SpriteBlendMode, SpriteBlendMode.AlphaBlend is recommended.

7. If necessary, determine the origin of your text.

   If you want to draw your text centered on a point, you can find the center of the text by calling MeasureString and dividing the returned vector by 2.

8. Call DrawString to draw your output text, specifying the SpriteFont object for the font you want to use.

   All other parameters of DrawString produce the same effects as a call to SpriteBatch.Draw.

9. When you have drawn all your text, call SpriteBatch.End.

   C#

   Copy Code

   protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)
   {
       GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);
   
       spriteBatch.Begin();
       
       // Draw Hello World
       string output = "Hello World";
       
       // Find the center of the string
       Vector2 FontOrigin = Font1.MeasureString( output ) / 2;
       // Draw the string
       spriteBatch.DrawString( Font1, output, FontPos, Color.LightGreen, 
           0, FontOrigin, 1.0f, SpriteEffects.None, 0.5f );
       
       spriteBatch.End();
       base.Draw( gameTime );
   }
   这个DrawString的方法，参数也太多了，不好。

 See Also

Tasks

How To: Draw a Sprite

Concepts

2D Graphics Overview

Reference

SpriteBatch
DrawString
SpriteFont
ContentManager.Load