调用父类方法时,如何与子类方法,在锁对象不是同一个实例下,能线程安全,请见下面三种情况。
case1:
如下代码,在调用父类的方法时,和子类的方法,发生线程安全问题。原因的锁对象的实例不是同一个。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
namespace ForTest//check the lock object for thread safety
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
son myson = new son();
Parallel.For(0, 5, (int i) =>
{
myson.methodA();
myson.methodC();
});
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
public class grandfather
{
//protected static object syncRoot = new object();
}
public class father:grandfather
{
private static object syncRoot = new object();
protected int cont = 0;
public virtual bool methodA()
{
lock (syncRoot)
{
cont++;
Thread.Sleep(1000);
Console.WriteLine("cout++ is " + cont);
return true;
}
}
public virtual bool methodB()
{
lock (syncRoot)
{
return true;
}
}
}
public class son:father
{
private static object syncRoot = new object();
public bool methodC()
{
lock (syncRoot)
{
cont += 2;
Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.WriteLine("cont += 2 is " + cont);
return true;
}
}
}
}
输出:
cout++ is 1
cout++ is 4
cont += 2 is 5
cout++ is 5
cout++ is 8
cont += 2 is 9
cout++ is 11
cont += 2 is 11
cont += 2 is 13
cont += 2 is 15
case2:
case1的解决方法是,在父类初始化锁对象,让子类继承。这样就线程安全了。如下。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
namespace ForTest//check the lock object for thread safety
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
son myson = new son();
Parallel.For(0, 5, (int i) =>
{
myson.methodA();
myson.methodC();
});
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
public class grandfather
{
protected static object syncRoot = new object();
}
public class father:grandfather
{
protected int cont = 0;
public virtual bool methodA()
{
lock (syncRoot)
{
cont++;
Thread.Sleep(1000);
Console.WriteLine("cout++ is " + cont);
return true;
}
}
public virtual bool methodB()
{
lock (syncRoot)
{
return true;
}
}
}
public class son:father
{
public bool methodC()
{
lock (syncRoot)
{
cont += 2;
Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.WriteLine("cont += 2 is " + cont);
return true;
}
}
}
}
输出:
cout++ is 1
cout++ is 2
cont += 2 is 4
cout++ is 5
cout++ is 6
cout++ is 7
cont += 2 is 9
cont += 2 is 11
cont += 2 is 13
cont += 2 is 15
case3:
当然有些特殊情况下,子类硬要重新实例化一个锁对象。如何避免上面第一种线程安全问题发生?需要:
- 子类加锁重写父类分方法(如果父类methodA是虚方法)
或者
- new一下(如果父类methodA是实例方法)。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading;
namespace ForTest//check the lock object for thread safety
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
son myson = new son();
Parallel.For(0, 5, (int i) =>
{
myson.methodA();
myson.methodC();
});
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
public class grandfather
{
protected static object syncRoot = new object();
}
public class father:grandfather
{
protected int cont = 0;
public virtual bool methodA()
{
lock (syncRoot)
{
cont++;
Thread.Sleep(1000);
Console.WriteLine("cout++ is " + cont);
return true;
}
}
public virtual bool methodB()
{
lock (syncRoot)
{
return true;
}
}
}
public class son:father
{
private static object sync = new object();
public override bool methodA()//重写
{
lock (sync)
{
return base.methodA();
}
}
public bool methodC()
{
lock (sync)
{
cont += 2;
Thread.Sleep(2000);
Console.WriteLine("cont += 2 is " + cont);
return true;
}
}
}
}
或
public new bool methodA()\\new一下
{
lock (sync)
{
return base.methodA();
}
}
输出:
cout++ is 1
cout++ is 2
cont += 2 is 4
cout++ is 5
cout++ is 6
cout++ is 7
cont += 2 is 9
cont += 2 is 11
cont += 2 is 13
cont += 2 is 15