单例模式的C++简单实现

一、懒汉模式

具体例子如下：

/**
  *		懒汉式单例模式
  */

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

/* 定义Singleton类，用来表示单例模式 */
class Singleton
{
public:
	static Singleton *getInstance();
private:
	Singleton();
	Singleton(const Singleton &other);
	Singleton &operator=(const Singleton &other);

	static Singleton *instance;
};

/* 实现Singleton类中的方法和静态数据成员 */
Singleton *Singleton::getInstance()
{
	return instance;
}

Singleton::Singleton(){cout << "Singleton()" << endl;}
Singleton::Singleton(const Singleton &other){cout << "Singleton(const Singleton &other)" << endl;}
Singleton &Singleton::operator=(const Singleton &other){cout << "Singleton &operator=(const Singleton &other)" << endl;}

Singleton *Singleton::instance = new Singleton();


/* 程序入口 */
int main()
{
	Singleton* s1 = Singleton::getInstance();
	Singleton* s2 = Singleton::getInstance();
	Singleton* s3 = Singleton::getInstance();

	cout << "s1 address is " << s1 << endl;
	cout << "s2 address is " << s2 << endl;
	cout << "s3 address is " << s3 << endl;
	
	return 0;
}

注意有内存泄漏。

二、饿汉模式

具体实现如下：

/**
  *	饿汉式单例模式
  */

#include <iostream>
#include <pthread.h>

using namespace std;

/* 定义Singleton类，用来表示单例模式 */
class Singleton
{
public:
	static Singleton *getInstance();
private:
	Singleton();
	Singleton(const Singleton &other);
	Singleton &operator=(const Singleton &other);

	static Singleton *instance;
	static pthread_mutex_t mutex;

	/* 定义一个内嵌类用于清除Singleton实例 */
	class DestroySingleton
	{
	public:
		~DestroySingleton();
	};

	static DestroySingleton destroyInstance;
};

/* 实现Singleton类中的方法和静态数据成员 */
Singleton *Singleton::getInstance()
{
	if(NULL == instance)
	{
		pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);			/* 上锁 */
		if(NULL == instance)
		{
			instance = new Singleton();
		}
		pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);		/* 解锁 */
	}
	return instance;
}

Singleton::Singleton(){cout << "Singleton()" << endl;}
Singleton::Singleton(const Singleton &other){cout << "Singleton(const Singleton &other)" << endl;}
Singleton &Singleton::operator=(const Singleton &other){cout << "Singleton &operator=(const Singleton &other)" << endl;}

Singleton *Singleton::instance = NULL;
pthread_mutex_t Singleton::mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
Singleton::DestroySingleton Singleton::destroyInstance;


/* 实现内部类DestroySingleton的析构函数 */
Singleton::DestroySingleton::~DestroySingleton()
{
	if(NULL != Singleton::instance)
	{
		delete Singleton::instance;
		Singleton::instance = NULL;		/* 防止野指针 */
		cout << "~DestroySingleton()" << endl;
	}
}


/* 程序入口 */
int main()
{
	Singleton* s1 = Singleton::getInstance();
	Singleton* s2 = Singleton::getInstance();
	Singleton* s3 = Singleton::getInstance();

	cout << "s1 address is " << s1 << endl;
	cout << "s2 address is " << s2 << endl;
	cout << "s3 address is " << s3 << endl;
	
	return 0;
}

注意多线程的同步问题，加锁与解锁。