> “unrecognized selector sent to instance …" 错误
动态绑定:objc_msgSend的实现,查找implementation表,最终是C函数形式的调用。
当某个类(以及继承树上的父类)编译时没有动态实现被调用的method的时候,一般情况下会被NSObject处理这个method(selector)并抛出异常。
我们有两种常用(三种)方法来动态的补充使得相应的lei可以处理此selector。
一种是动态方法手段(Dynamic Method Resolution),第二种是委托其他对象处理(Replacement Receiver)。下边通过例子直接说明。
=============================================
NormalObject.h
@interface
NormalObject :
NSObject
- ( void )showMe;
// 实际上没有显式实现这个 selector
- ( void )testMe;
- ( void )showMe;
// 实际上没有显式实现这个 selector
- ( void )testMe;
@end
==============================================
#import
"NormalObject.h"
#import "ReplacementObject.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#define kUseDynamicMethod YES
@interface NormalObject ()
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) ReplacementObject *replacement;
@end
@implementation NormalObject
- ( instancetype )init
{
self = [ super init ];
if ( self ) {
self . replacement = [[ ReplacementObject alloc ] init ];
}
return self ;
}
#import "ReplacementObject.h"
#import <objc/runtime.h>
#define kUseDynamicMethod YES
@interface NormalObject ()
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) ReplacementObject *replacement;
@end
@implementation NormalObject
- ( instancetype )init
{
self = [ super init ];
if ( self ) {
self . replacement = [[ ReplacementObject alloc ] init ];
}
return self ;
}
#pragma mark - Dynamic Method Resolution
//
当且仅当未显示实现的
selector
被调用时,这里会被调用。- 再次调用同样的selector,这里不会被执行,因为已经cached了
+ (
BOOL
)resolveInstanceMethod:(
SEL
)sel{
if ( kUseDynamicMethod ) {
NSString *selName = NSStringFromSelector (sel);
if ( kUseDynamicMethod ) {
NSString *selName = NSStringFromSelector (sel);
NSLog(@"required for: %@", selName);
// 使用
class_addMethod
动态加入method,此后每次对testMe的调用都会直接调用
impAddedMethod
class_addMethod
(
self
, sel, (
IMP
)
impAddedMethod
,
"v@:"
);
return YES ;
} else {
return NO ;
}
}
// must be a C method
void impAddedMethod( id self , SEL _sel){
NSLog ( @"You guy send an unknown selector!!!" );
}
#pragma mark - Replacement Receiver
- ( id )forwardingTargetForSelector:( SEL )aSelector{
NSLog ( @"%s called" , __FUNCTION__ );
return self . replacement ;
}
- ( void )showMe{
NSLog ( @"NormalObject showMe called" );
}
return YES ;
} else {
return NO ;
}
}
// must be a C method
void impAddedMethod( id self , SEL _sel){
NSLog ( @"You guy send an unknown selector!!!" );
}
#pragma mark - Replacement Receiver
- ( id )forwardingTargetForSelector:( SEL )aSelector{
NSLog ( @"%s called" , __FUNCTION__ );
return self . replacement ;
}
- ( void )showMe{
NSLog ( @"NormalObject showMe called" );
}
@end
==============================================
辅助类:
@interface
ReplacementObject :
NSObject
- ( void )testMe;
- ( void )testMe;
@end
@implementation
ReplacementObject
- ( void )testMe{
NSLog ( @"[ReplacementObject] Wahahahah, i implement this!" );
}
- ( void )testMe{
NSLog ( @"[ReplacementObject] Wahahahah, i implement this!" );
}
@end
==============================================
调用
[obj1
showMe
]; // 一般情况
[obj1
testMe
]; // testMe没用命中,通过
resolveInstanceMethod
或
forwardingTargetForSelector寻找解决方案,没有找到的话由NSObject来抛异常
NSLog
(
@"call it again"
);
[obj1 testMe]; //
第二次调用,
resolveInstanceMethod不会再次触发,因为已经cached了。
forwardingTargetForSelector则会每次都执行,因此Dynamic Method的效率会更高。
两者使用场景不同。
Dynamic Method适用于@dynamic修饰的property的setter和getter的实现。Replacement Receiver适用于用composition模式来达到多重继承的效果。