iOS 分类category 源码解析

第一部分：有关分类的本质、原理
Q：分类的对象方法，类方法都存在哪里？
一个类的所有分类的 对象方法放在类对象中，所有分类的类方法存放在元类中
clang查看编译文件
xcrun -sdk iphoneos clang -arch arm64 -rewrite-objc NSObject+Test.m
编译文件NSObject+Test.cpp中有关分类内容

//声明结构体
struct _category_t { 
    const char *name; //类的名字（name）
    struct _class_t *cls; //类(cls)
    const struct _method_list_t *instance_methods;//category中所有给类添加的实例方法的列表（instanceMethods）
    const struct _method_list_t *class_methods;//category中所有添加的类方法的列表（classMethods）
    const struct _protocol_list_t *protocols; //category实现的所有协议的列表（protocols）
    const struct _prop_list_t *properties; //category中添加的所有属性（instanceProperties）
};
//对结构体赋值
static struct _category_t _OBJC_$_CATEGORY_NSObject_$_Test __attribute__ ((used, section ("__DATA,__objc_const"))) = 
{
    "NSObject",
    0, // &OBJC_CLASS_$_NSObject,
    (const struct _method_list_t *)&_OBJC_$_CATEGORY_INSTANCE_METHODS_NSObject_$_Test,
    (const struct _method_list_t *)&_OBJC_$_CATEGORY_CLASS_METHODS_NSObject_$_Test,
    (const struct _protocol_list_t *)&_OBJC_CATEGORY_PROTOCOLS_$_NSObject_$_Test,
    0,
};

Runtime中Category源码解读顺序

objc-os.mm

• _objc_init
• map_images
• map_images_nolock

objc-runtime-new.mm

• _read_images
• remethodizeClass
• attachCategories
• attachLists
• realloc、memmove、 memcpy

Runtime中Category的底层结构

struct category_t {
    const char *name;
    classref_t cls;
    struct method_list_t *instanceMethods;
    struct method_list_t *classMethods;
    struct protocol_list_t *protocols;
    struct property_list_t *instanceProperties;
    // Fields below this point are not always present on disk.
    struct property_list_t *_classProperties;

    method_list_t *methodsForMeta(bool isMeta) {
        if (isMeta) return classMethods;
        else return instanceMethods;
    }

    property_list_t *propertiesForMeta(bool isMeta, struct header_info *hi);
};

objc-runtime-new.mm

// cls 类
// cats 分类列表
static void 
attachCategories(Class cls, category_list *cats, bool flush_caches)
{
    if (!cats) return;
    if (PrintReplacedMethods) printReplacements(cls, cats);

    bool isMeta = cls->isMetaClass();

    // fixme rearrange to remove these intermediate allocations
    /*方法数组
    [
        [method_t,method_t]
        [method_t,method_t]
    ]
     */
    method_list_t **mlists = (method_list_t **)
        malloc(cats->count * sizeof(*mlists));
    //属性数组
    property_list_t **proplists = (property_list_t **)
        malloc(cats->count * sizeof(*proplists));
    //协议数组
    protocol_list_t **protolists = (protocol_list_t **)
        malloc(cats->count * sizeof(*protolists));

    // Count backwards through cats to get newest categories first
    int mcount = 0;
    int propcount = 0;
    int protocount = 0;
    int i = cats->count;
    bool fromBundle = NO;
    while (i--) {
        //取出分类
        auto& entry = cats->list[i];
        
        //取出分类对象方法
        method_list_t *mlist = entry.cat->methodsForMeta(isMeta);
        if (mlist) {
            mlists[mcount++] = mlist;
            fromBundle |= entry.hi->isBundle();
        }

        property_list_t *proplist = 
            entry.cat->propertiesForMeta(isMeta, entry.hi);
        if (proplist) {
            proplists[propcount++] = proplist;
        }

        protocol_list_t *protolist = entry.c