导入文件上传的Maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--导入高版本的Servlet依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
前端实现文件上传的表单
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>文件上传首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file"/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
[注]:
- 这里method一定要用post
- 表单的enctype属性必须要为multipart/form-data,这样浏览器才会把用户上传的文件通过二进制流的形式传递给服务器(默认值为application/x-www=form-urlencoded,这种方式只会处理表单域中的value属性值,使用URL编码方式)
- 文件上传通过将input标签的type属性设置为file
通过SpringMVC的方式实现文件上传
在Spring-MVC.xml配置文件中配置一个支持文件上传的类:MultipartResolver–>CommonsMultipartResolver
<!--文件上传的配置-->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
<!--上传文件大小限制,单位:字节10485760 10M -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
</bean>
[注]:这个id的名称是固定的multipartResolver(注意区分大小写),不能随意更改,不然会出现以下错误:
后端代码
package com.yyl.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.*;
/**
* @Author: LongLongA
* @Description:
* @Date: Created in 22:19 2021/1/9
*/
@RestController
public class FileController {
//@RequestParam("file")可以将name为file的文件封装成CommonsMultipartFile对象
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
//获取上传文件的文件名
String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
if("".equals(uploadFileName)){
//如果文件名为空,则返回首页
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
//设置上传文件的保存位置,getRealPath()获取的是Tomcat容器的地址
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
//如果路径不存在,则创建一个
File realPath = new File(path);
if(!realPath.exists()){
realPath.mkdir();
}
//获取文件输入流
InputStream inputStream = file.getInputStream();
//设置文件输出流:文件输出到哪里
OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File(path,uploadFileName));
//读写操作
int len = 0 ;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while((len=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1){
outputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
outputStream.flush();
}
outputStream.close();
inputStream.close();
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
}
当然还有更简洁的方法二:
//文件上传方法二
@RequestMapping("/upload2")
public String uploadFile2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
//获取上传文件的文件名
//设置上传文件的保存位置,getRealPath()获取的是Tomcat容器的地址
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
//如果路径不存在,则创建一个
File realPath = new File(path);
if(!realPath.exists()){
realPath.mkdir();
}
//传输文件,只需要file.transferTo()方法
file.transferTo(new File(path+"/"+file.getOriginalFilename()));
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}