设计模式C++版：第二十一式观察者模式

观察者模式定义了一种一对多的依赖关系，让多个观察者对象同时监听某一个主题对象，这个主题对象在状态发生变化时，会通知所有观察者对象，使他们能够自动更新自己。

示例代码如下：

#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <list>
#include <string>
using std::string;
using std::list;

class Subject;

//观察者接口
class Observer
{
public:
	Observer(const string &name, Subject *sub =nullptr)
	{
		m_name = name;
		m_sub = sub;
	}

	virtual void Update(){}
	virtual ~Observer()
	{

	}
protected:
	string m_name;
	Subject* m_sub;
};

class StockObserver :public Observer
{
public:
	StockObserver(const string &name, Subject *sub=nullptr) :Observer(name, sub)
	{

	}

	virtual void Update()
	{
		std::cout << m_name << "关闭股票软件，继续工作" << std::endl;
	}
};

class NBAObserver :public Observer
{
public:
	NBAObserver(const string &name, Subject* sub=nullptr) :Observer(name, sub)
	{

	}

	virtual void Update()
	{
		std::cout << m_name << "关闭NBA直播，继续工作" << std::endl;
	}
};


//通知者接口
class Subject
{
public:
	virtual void Attach(Observer* observer){}
	virtual void Detch(Observer* observer){}

	void Notify(){}

	virtual ~Subject(){}
};

class Boss :public Subject
{
public:
	virtual void Attach(Observer* observer)
	{
		if (observer!=nullptr)
		{
			m_obslist.push_front(observer);
		}
		
	}

	virtual void Detch(Observer* observer)
	{
		if (observer!=nullptr)
		{
			m_obslist.remove(observer);
		}
		
	}

	void Notify()
	{
		if (!m_obslist.empty())
		{
			for each (Observer* var in m_obslist)
			{
				var->Update();
			}
		}
		
	}

	~Boss()
	{
		if (!m_obslist.empty())
		{
			m_obslist.clear();
		}

	}
	void putout()
	{
		std::cout << "观察者数量为 "<<m_obslist.size() << std::endl;
	}
private:
	list<Observer*>  m_obslist;
};

int main()
{
	Boss huhansan;
	
	huhansan.putout();

	//观察者注册给通知者
	const string name1 = "看股票的";
	const string name2 = "看nba的";
	Observer* ts1 = new StockObserver(name1);
	Observer*ts2  = new NBAObserver(name2);

	//通知者添加观察者对象
	huhansan.Attach(ts1);
	huhansan.Attach(ts2);
	huhansan.Notify();

	std::cout << "胡汉三第二天过来" << std::endl;

	huhansan.Detch(ts1);
	//huhansan.Detch(ts2);
	huhansan.Notify();

	delete ts1;
	delete ts2;

	return 0;
}