1 is关键字
is关键字检查对象是否与给定类型兼容。
例如:
Object obj=new Object();
if (obj is string)
{
}
代码中检查obj 对象是否与类型string兼容。
示例代码:
public class Student
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Class { get; set; }
public float Score { get; set; }
}
public class Teacher
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Course { get; set; }
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Student student = new Student();
Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
Test(student);
Test(teacher);
Test("Wolf");
}
static void Test(object obj)
{
if (obj is Student)
{
Student student = (Student)obj;
Console.WriteLine("I'm a Student");
}
else if (obj is Teacher)
{
Teacher teacher = (Teacher)obj;
Console.WriteLine("I'm a Teacher");
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("I'm not a Teacher,not a Student,and I'm not a Person");
}
}
Test方法中对传入对象使用is关键字判断其是否与指定类型兼容,兼容则进行指定操作。
运行结果如下:
对象与给定类型兼容又该怎样理解呢?
“兼容”表示对象是该类型,或者派生于该类型。
关于这一点,下面做个简单实验。
在前面示例代码的基础上,增加两个类Person及LittleStudent,且Student类继承自Person类。
public class Person
{
}
public class LittleStudent:Student
{
}
public class Student:Person
{
//其他代码不变
}
Object obj = new Object();
Person person = new Person();
Student student = new Student();
Teacher teacher = new Teacher();
LittleStudent lstudent = new LittleStudent();
if (obj is Student) //false
if (person is Student) //false
if (student is Student)//true
if (teacher is Student)//false
if (lstudent is Student)//true
2 as关键字
as关键字用于在兼容的引用类型之间执行转换。类似于强制转换操作;如果转换不可行,as 会返回 null 而不会引发异常。
等效于:
expression is type ? (type)expression : (type)null
例如:
代码片段1:
Object obj = new Object();
Student s = obj as Student ;
if(s != null)
{
//做你想做的
}
代码片段1等价于:
代码片段2:
Object obj = new Object();
if (obj is Student)
{
Student student = (Student)obj;
}
在上面两种方式中,后一个版本进行了两次类型检测,效率较低。
3 写在后面:
is 运算符只考虑引用转换、装箱转换和取消装箱转换。不考虑其他转换,如用户定义的转换。