java并发控制：ReentrantLock Condition使用详解

http://my.oschina.net/004/blog/467286

我们通过一个实际的例子来解释Condition的用法：

我们要打印1到9这9个数字，由A线程先打印1，2，3，然后由B线程打印4,5,6，然后再由A线程打印7，8，9. 这道题有很多种解法，现在我们使用Condition来做这道题（使用Object的wait，notify方法的解法在这里 http://outofmemory.cn/java/java.util.concurrent/thread-sync-with-object-wait-notify-notifyAll）。

?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

package cn.xband.locks;   import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;   public class Test{      static class NumberWrapper {          public int value = 1 ;      }        public static void main(String[] args) {          //初始化可重入锁          final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();                    //第一个条件当屏幕上输出到3          final Condition reachThreeCondition = lock.newCondition();          //第二个条件当屏幕上输出到6          final Condition reachSixCondition = lock.newCondition();                    //NumberWrapper只是为了封装一个数字，一边可以将数字对象共享，并可以设置为final          //注意这里不要用Integer, Integer 是不可变对象          final NumberWrapper num = new NumberWrapper();          //初始化A线程          Thread threadA = new Thread( new Runnable() {              @Override              public void run() {                  //需要先获得锁                  lock.lock();                  try {                      System.out.println( "threadA start write" );                      //A线程先输出前3个数                      while (num.value <= 3 ) {                          System.out.println(num.value);                          num.value++;                      }                      //输出到3时要signal，告诉B线程可以开始了                      reachThreeCondition.signal();                  } finally {                      lock.unlock();                  }                  lock.lock();                  try {                      //等待输出6的条件                      reachSixCondition.await();                      System.out.println( "threadA start write" );                      //输出剩余数字                      while (num.value <= 9 ) {                          System.out.println(num.value);                          num.value++;                      }                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {                      e.printStackTrace();                  } finally {                      lock.unlock();                  }              }            });              Thread threadB = new Thread( new Runnable() {              @Override              public void run() {                  try {                      lock.lock();                                            while (num.value <= 3 ) {                          //等待3输出完毕的信号                          reachThreeCondition.await();                      }                  } catch (InterruptedException e) {                      e.printStackTrace();                  } finally {                      lock.unlock();                  }                  try {                      lock.lock();                      //已经收到信号，开始输出4，5，6                      System.out.println( "threadB start write" );                      while (num.value <= 6 ) {                          System.out.println(num.value);                          num.value++;                      }                      //4，5，6输出完毕，告诉A线程6输出完了                      reachSixCondition.signal();                  } finally {                      lock.unlock();                  }              }            });              //启动两个线程          threadB.start();          threadA.start();      } }

上述代码中有完整的注释，请参考注释，理解Condition的用法。

基本思路就是首先要A线程先写1，2，3，这时候B线程应该等待reachThredCondition信号，而当A线程写完3之后就通过signal告诉B线程“我写到3了，该你了”，这时候A线程要等嗲reachSixCondition信号，同时B线程得到通知，开始写4，5，6，写完4，5，6之后B线程通知A线程reachSixCondition条件成立了，这时候A线程就开始写剩下的7，8，9了。