可以使用memory和disk bitmap cache来提高响应的速度和UI的流畅性.
Use a Memory Cache
一般使用LruCache 来做Memory Cache.
private LruCache<String, Bitmap> mMemoryCache;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
// Get max available VM memory, exceeding this amount will throw an
// OutOfMemory exception. Stored in kilobytes as LruCache takes an
// int in its constructor.
final int maxMemory = (int) (Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 1024);
// Use 1/8th of the available memory for this memory cache.
final int cacheSize = maxMemory / 8;
mMemoryCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(cacheSize) {
@Override
protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
// The cache size will be measured in kilobytes rather than
// number of items.
return bitmap.getByteCount() / 1024;
}
};
...
}
public void addBitmapToMemoryCache(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
if (getBitmapFromMemCache(key) == null) {
mMemoryCache.put(key, bitmap);
}
}
public Bitmap getBitmapFromMemCache(String key) {
return mMemoryCache.get(key);
}
当要装载ImageView的时候首先检测cache中是否有view
public void loadBitmap(int resId, ImageView imageView) {
final String imageKey = String.valueOf(resId);
final Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromMemCache(imageKey);
if (bitmap != null) {
mImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
} else {
mImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.image_placeholder);
BitmapWorkerTask task = new BitmapWorkerTask(mImageView);
task.execute(resId);
}
}
在doInBackground 中需要将图片加到cache中.
class BitmapWorkerTask extends AsyncTask<Integer, Void, Bitmap> {
...
// Decode image in background.
@Override
protected Bitmap doInBackground(Integer... params) {
final Bitmap bitmap = decodeSampledBitmapFromResource(
getResources(), params[0], 100, 100));
addBitmapToMemoryCache(String.valueOf(params[0]), bitmap);
return bitmap;
}
...
}
Use a Disk Cache
一般使用DiskLruCache 来做disk Cache.
private DiskLruCache mDiskLruCache;
private final Object mDiskCacheLock = new Object();
private boolean mDiskCacheStarting = true;
private static final int DISK_CACHE_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 10; // 10MB
private static final String DISK_CACHE_SUBDIR = "thumbnails";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
// Initialize memory cache
...
// Initialize disk cache on background thread
File cacheDir = getDiskCacheDir(this, DISK_CACHE_SUBDIR);
new InitDiskCacheTask().execute(cacheDir);
...
}
class InitDiskCacheTask extends AsyncTask<File, Void, Void> {
@Override
protected Void doInBackground(File... params) {
synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) {
File cacheDir = params[0];
mDiskLruCache = DiskLruCache.open(cacheDir, DISK_CACHE_SIZE);
mDiskCacheStarting = false; // Finished initialization
mDiskCacheLock.notifyAll(); // Wake any waiting threads
}
return null;
}
}
class BitmapWorkerTask extends AsyncTask<Integer, Void, Bitmap> {
...
// Decode image in background.
@Override
protected Bitmap doInBackground(Integer... params) {
final String imageKey = String.valueOf(params[0]);
// Check disk cache in background thread
Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromDiskCache(imageKey);
if (bitmap == null) { // Not found in disk cache
// Process as normal
final Bitmap bitmap = decodeSampledBitmapFromResource(
getResources(), params[0], 100, 100));
}
// Add final bitmap to caches
addBitmapToCache(imageKey, bitmap);
return bitmap;
}
...
}
public void addBitmapToCache(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
// Add to memory cache as before
if (getBitmapFromMemCache(key) == null) {
mMemoryCache.put(key, bitmap);
}
// Also add to disk cache
synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) {
if (mDiskLruCache != null && mDiskLruCache.get(key) == null) {
mDiskLruCache.put(key, bitmap);
}
}
}
public Bitmap getBitmapFromDiskCache(String key) {
synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) {
// Wait while disk cache is started from background thread
while (mDiskCacheStarting) {
try {
mDiskCacheLock.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {}
}
if (mDiskLruCache != null) {
return mDiskLruCache.get(key);
}
}
return null;
}
// Creates a unique subdirectory of the designated app cache directory. Tries to use external
// but if not mounted, falls back on internal storage.
public static File getDiskCacheDir(Context context, String uniqueName) {
// Check if media is mounted or storage is built-in, if so, try and use external cache dir
// otherwise use internal cache dir
final String cachePath =
Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState()) ||
!isExternalStorageRemovable() ? getExternalCacheDir(context).getPath() :
context.getCacheDir().getPath();
return new File(cachePath + File.separator + uniqueName);
}
当Activity 重新开始时Fragment 保存memory cache,这样可以避免重新load memory 中已有的内容.
private LruCache<String, Bitmap> mMemoryCache;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
RetainFragment retainFragment =
RetainFragment.findOrCreateRetainFragment(getFragmentManager());
mMemoryCache = retainFragment.mRetainedCache;
if (mMemoryCache == null) {
mMemoryCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(cacheSize) {
... // Initialize cache here as usual
}
retainFragment.mRetainedCache = mMemoryCache;
}
...
}
class RetainFragment extends Fragment {
private static final String TAG = "RetainFragment";
public LruCache<String, Bitmap> mRetainedCache;
public RetainFragment() {}
public static RetainFragment findOrCreateRetainFragment(FragmentManager fm) {
RetainFragment fragment = (RetainFragment) fm.findFragmentByTag(TAG);
if (fragment == null) {
fragment = new RetainFragment();
fm.beginTransaction().add(fragment, TAG).commit();
}
return fragment;
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setRetainInstance(true);
}
}
Use a Memory Cache
一般使用LruCache 来做Memory Cache.
private LruCache<String, Bitmap> mMemoryCache;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
// Get max available VM memory, exceeding this amount will throw an
// OutOfMemory exception. Stored in kilobytes as LruCache takes an
// int in its constructor.
final int maxMemory = (int) (Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 1024);
// Use 1/8th of the available memory for this memory cache.
final int cacheSize = maxMemory / 8;
mMemoryCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(cacheSize) {
@Override
protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
// The cache size will be measured in kilobytes rather than
// number of items.
return bitmap.getByteCount() / 1024;
}
};
...
}
public void addBitmapToMemoryCache(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
if (getBitmapFromMemCache(key) == null) {
mMemoryCache.put(key, bitmap);
}
}
public Bitmap getBitmapFromMemCache(String key) {
return mMemoryCache.get(key);
}
当要装载ImageView的时候首先检测cache中是否有view
public void loadBitmap(int resId, ImageView imageView) {
final String imageKey = String.valueOf(resId);
final Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromMemCache(imageKey);
if (bitmap != null) {
mImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
} else {
mImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.image_placeholder);
BitmapWorkerTask task = new BitmapWorkerTask(mImageView);
task.execute(resId);
}
}
在doInBackground 中需要将图片加到cache中.
class BitmapWorkerTask extends AsyncTask<Integer, Void, Bitmap> {
...
// Decode image in background.
@Override
protected Bitmap doInBackground(Integer... params) {
final Bitmap bitmap = decodeSampledBitmapFromResource(
getResources(), params[0], 100, 100));
addBitmapToMemoryCache(String.valueOf(params[0]), bitmap);
return bitmap;
}
...
}
Use a Disk Cache
一般使用DiskLruCache 来做disk Cache.
private DiskLruCache mDiskLruCache;
private final Object mDiskCacheLock = new Object();
private boolean mDiskCacheStarting = true;
private static final int DISK_CACHE_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 10; // 10MB
private static final String DISK_CACHE_SUBDIR = "thumbnails";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
// Initialize memory cache
...
// Initialize disk cache on background thread
File cacheDir = getDiskCacheDir(this, DISK_CACHE_SUBDIR);
new InitDiskCacheTask().execute(cacheDir);
...
}
class InitDiskCacheTask extends AsyncTask<File, Void, Void> {
@Override
protected Void doInBackground(File... params) {
synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) {
File cacheDir = params[0];
mDiskLruCache = DiskLruCache.open(cacheDir, DISK_CACHE_SIZE);
mDiskCacheStarting = false; // Finished initialization
mDiskCacheLock.notifyAll(); // Wake any waiting threads
}
return null;
}
}
class BitmapWorkerTask extends AsyncTask<Integer, Void, Bitmap> {
...
// Decode image in background.
@Override
protected Bitmap doInBackground(Integer... params) {
final String imageKey = String.valueOf(params[0]);
// Check disk cache in background thread
Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromDiskCache(imageKey);
if (bitmap == null) { // Not found in disk cache
// Process as normal
final Bitmap bitmap = decodeSampledBitmapFromResource(
getResources(), params[0], 100, 100));
}
// Add final bitmap to caches
addBitmapToCache(imageKey, bitmap);
return bitmap;
}
...
}
public void addBitmapToCache(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
// Add to memory cache as before
if (getBitmapFromMemCache(key) == null) {
mMemoryCache.put(key, bitmap);
}
// Also add to disk cache
synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) {
if (mDiskLruCache != null && mDiskLruCache.get(key) == null) {
mDiskLruCache.put(key, bitmap);
}
}
}
public Bitmap getBitmapFromDiskCache(String key) {
synchronized (mDiskCacheLock) {
// Wait while disk cache is started from background thread
while (mDiskCacheStarting) {
try {
mDiskCacheLock.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {}
}
if (mDiskLruCache != null) {
return mDiskLruCache.get(key);
}
}
return null;
}
// Creates a unique subdirectory of the designated app cache directory. Tries to use external
// but if not mounted, falls back on internal storage.
public static File getDiskCacheDir(Context context, String uniqueName) {
// Check if media is mounted or storage is built-in, if so, try and use external cache dir
// otherwise use internal cache dir
final String cachePath =
Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState()) ||
!isExternalStorageRemovable() ? getExternalCacheDir(context).getPath() :
context.getCacheDir().getPath();
return new File(cachePath + File.separator + uniqueName);
}
当Activity 重新开始时Fragment 保存memory cache,这样可以避免重新load memory 中已有的内容.
private LruCache<String, Bitmap> mMemoryCache;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
RetainFragment retainFragment =
RetainFragment.findOrCreateRetainFragment(getFragmentManager());
mMemoryCache = retainFragment.mRetainedCache;
if (mMemoryCache == null) {
mMemoryCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(cacheSize) {
... // Initialize cache here as usual
}
retainFragment.mRetainedCache = mMemoryCache;
}
...
}
class RetainFragment extends Fragment {
private static final String TAG = "RetainFragment";
public LruCache<String, Bitmap> mRetainedCache;
public RetainFragment() {}
public static RetainFragment findOrCreateRetainFragment(FragmentManager fm) {
RetainFragment fragment = (RetainFragment) fm.findFragmentByTag(TAG);
if (fragment == null) {
fragment = new RetainFragment();
fm.beginTransaction().add(fragment, TAG).commit();
}
return fragment;
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setRetainInstance(true);
}
}