android jni 调用

android JNI是连接android Java部分和C/C++部分的纽带，完整使用JNI需要Java代码和C/C++代码。其中C/C++代码用于生成库文件，Java代码用于引用C /C++库文件以及调用C/C++方法。

android Java部分代码：

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package com.example.android.simplejni;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class SimpleJNI extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        TextView tv = new TextView(this);
       // int sum = Native.add(2, 3);
        int minus = Native.minus(10, 3);
        tv.setText("10-3 = " + Integer.toString(minus));
        setContentView(tv);
    }
}

class Native {
    static {
        // The runtime will add "lib" on the front and ".o" on the end of
        // the name supplied to loadLibrary.
        System.loadLibrary("simplejni");
    }

    static native int add(int a, int b);
    static native int minus(int a, int b);
}

Java代码说明：

1）SimpleJNI是一个activity的类对象，在该类对象中生成调用JNI函数的类对象，同时调用JNI方法，最后将JNI方法的结果显示到标题栏上；

2）SimpleJNI是一个引用和声明JNI库和函数的类，其中System.loadLibrary();函数用来引用JNI库，默认JNI库放在 android系统的/system/lib/目录下； static native int add(int a, int b);为声明需要在java程序中使用的JNI库中的函数；

JNI中java部分的代码到此就结束了，总结一下在java代码中需要做两件事：

1）使用System.loadLibrary()函数来引用JNI库；

2）声明调用JNI库的函数且前面添加native关键字；


android C/C++部分代码：

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

#define LOG_TAG "simplejni native.cpp"
#include <utils/Log.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include "jni.h"

static jint
add(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jint a, jint b) {
int result = a + b;
    ALOGI("%d + %d = %d", a, b, result);
    return result;
}

static jint
minus(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jint a, jint b) {
int result = a - b;
    ALOGI("%d - %d = %d", a, b, result);
    return result;
}


static const char *classPathName = "com/example/android/simplejni/Native";

static JNINativeMethod methods[] = {
  {"add", "(II)I", (void*)add },
  {"minus", "(II)I", (void*)minus }
};

/*
 * Register several native methods for one class.
 */
static int registerNativeMethods(JNIEnv* env, const char* className,
    JNINativeMethod* gMethods, int numMethods)
{
    jclass clazz;

    clazz = env->FindClass(className);
    if (clazz == NULL) {
        ALOGE("Native registration unable to find class '%s'", className);
        return JNI_FALSE;
    }
    if (env->RegisterNatives(clazz, gMethods, numMethods) < 0) {
        ALOGE("RegisterNatives failed for '%s'", className);
        return JNI_FALSE;
    }

    return JNI_TRUE;
}

/*
 * Register native methods for all classes we know about.
 *
 * returns JNI_TRUE on success.
 */
static int registerNatives(JNIEnv* env)
{
  if (!registerNativeMethods(env, classPathName,
                 methods, sizeof(methods) / sizeof(methods[0]))) {
    return JNI_FALSE;
  }

  return JNI_TRUE;
}


// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

/*
 * This is called by the VM when the shared library is first loaded.
 */
 
typedef union {
    JNIEnv* env;
    void* venv;
} UnionJNIEnvToVoid;

jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM* vm, void* reserved)
{
    UnionJNIEnvToVoid uenv;
    uenv.venv = NULL;
    jint result = -1;
    JNIEnv* env = NULL;
    
    ALOGI("JNI_OnLoad");

    if (vm->GetEnv(&uenv.venv, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK) {
        ALOGE("ERROR: GetEnv failed");
        goto bail;
    }
    env = uenv.env;

    if (registerNatives(env) != JNI_TRUE) {
        ALOGE("ERROR: registerNatives failed");
        goto bail;
    }
    
    result = JNI_VERSION_1_4;
    
bail:
    return result;
}

JNI C/C++代码说明：

1）JNI_OnLoad()函数。该函数在Java程序调用System.loadLibrary()时，被调用执行，用于向JavaVM注册JNI函数等。在本例中首先通过参数JavaVM（Java虚拟机指针）获取当前应用程序所在的线程，即：JNIEnv。再通过调用 android::AndroidRuntime::registerNativeMethods()注册native实现的函数指针。

2）JNI函数和Java调用函数的映射关系。使用JNINativeMethod将java调用的函数名与JNI实现的函数名联系在一起；

3）JNI函数实现；

Android.mk代码：
#
# Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#

# This makefile shows how to build a shared library and an activity that
# bundles the shared library and calls it using JNI.

TOP_LOCAL_PATH:= $(call my-dir)

# Build activity

LOCAL_PATH:= $(TOP_LOCAL_PATH)
include $(CLEAR_VARS)

LOCAL_MODULE_TAGS := samples

LOCAL_SRC_FILES := $(call all-subdir-java-files)

LOCAL_PACKAGE_NAME := SimpleJNI

LOCAL_JNI_SHARED_LIBRARIES := libsimplejni

LOCAL_PROGUARD_ENABLED := disabled

LOCAL_SDK_VERSION := current

include $(BUILD_PACKAGE)

# ============================================================

# Also build all of the sub-targets under this one: the shared library.
include $(call all-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH))

需要注意的是：

1）JNI C/C++部分的代码需要在android源代码树上进行编译，编译完成后我的做法是直接将生成的.so通过adb push方法上传到android虚拟机的/system/lib/目录下；

2）java代码可以在eclipse下直接编译且在虚拟机上执行；

编译JNI C/C++部分代码（在android内核源代码根目录下）：

#make XXXX

之后在out/target/product/generic/system/lib/目录下生成XXX.so

需要源码的同学 ：http://download.csdn.net/detail/tianyeming/9000955