一、简介
CRC即循环冗余校验码:(CRC:Cyclic Redundancy Check)是一种错误检测算法,通常在通信协议中或存储设备中用于检测原始数据的意外变动。可以简单理解成对原有数据按照一定的算法进行计算后,得出一个特征值,并附加在原有用数据之后。在应用中将获取到的原有数据,使用同样的算法得出一个特征值与预先存储的(或是获取到的)特征值进行比对,如相等则校验通过,反之校验失败,从而识别出数据是否异常。
二、CRC-8校验码计算原理
CRC8算法是通过对数据进行模2除法运算来计算余数,也称异或运算,然后将余数附加到原始数据后面,形成被校验的数据。具体步骤如下:
1.选择一个校验多项式,多项式的位数决定了CRC8算法的性能,可以使用通用标准的多项式,也可以随意选择,但是最高位和最低位必须为1。
2.将校验多项式转化成一个二进制数。
3.因为需要 8 位 CRC 校验,所以将需要将待校验的数据左移 8 位,低位补0。
4.将待校验数据左移8位后与校验多项式二进制数按高位对齐,低位不够则补0的方式进行异或运算。
5.将上一步得到的结果的高位0全部去掉继续与校验多项式二进制数按高位对齐,低位不够则补0的方式进行异或运算。
6. 重复上一步骤直到最终结果只有8位有效数据,即为计算得出的特征值(校验码)。
示例:
选择校验多项式: X^8 + X^2 + X + 1 转化二进制数为:1 0000 0111
待校验的数据为0x9F对应二进制 1001 1111
按照上面的计算步骤计算:
1001 1111 0000 0000
^ 1000 0011 1000 0000
---------------------------
0001 1100 1000 0000
^ 1 0000 0111 0000
---------------------------
0 1100 1111 0000
^ 1000 0011 1000
---------------------------
0100 1100 1000
^ 100 0001 1100
---------------------------
000 1101 0100 = 1101 0100 = 0xD4
则0x9F通过X^8 + X^2 + X+ 1校验的结果为0xD4。
以下为该多项式的CRC8的校验码表
unsigned char CRC8Table[256] =
{
0x00,0x07,0x0E,0x09,0x1C,0x1B,0x12,0x15,0x38,0x3F,0x36,0x31,0x24,0x23,0x2A,0x2D,
0x70,0x77,0x7E,0x79,0x6C,0x6B,0x62,0x65,0x48,0x4F,0x46,0x41,0x54,0x53,0x5A,0x5D,
0xE0,0xE7,0xEE,0xE9,0xFC,0xFB,0xF2,0xF5,0xD8,0xDF,0xD6,0xD1,0xC4,0xC3,0xCA,0xCD,
0x90,0x97,0x9E,0x99,0x8C,0x8B,0x82,0x85,0xA8,0xAF,0xA6,0xA1,0xB4,0xB3,0xBA,0xBD,
0xC7,0xC0,0xC9,0xCE,0xDB,0xDC,0xD5,0xD2,0xFF,0xF8,0xF1,0xF6,0xE3,0xE4,0xED,0xEA,
0xB7,0xB0,0xB9,0xBE,0xAB,0xAC,0xA5,0xA2,0x8F,0x88,0x81,0x86,0x93,0x94,0x9D,0x9A,
0x27,0x20,0x29,0x2E,0x3B,0x3C,0x35,0x32,0x1F,0x18,0x11,0x16,0x03,0x04,0x0D,0x0A,
0x57,0x50,0x59,0x5E,0x4B,0x4C,0x45,0x42,0x6F,0x68,0x61,0x66,0x73,0x74,0x7D,0x7A,
0x89,0x8E,0x87,0x80,0x95,0x92,0x9B,0x9C,0xB1,0xB6,0xBF,0xB8,0xAD,0xAA,0xA3,0xA4,
0xF9,0xFE,0xF7,0xF0,0xE5,0xE2,0xEB,0xEC,0xC1,0xC6,0xCF,0xC8,0xDD,0xDA,0xD3,0xD4,
0x69,0x6E,0x67,0x60,0x75,0x72,0x7B,0x7C,0x51,0x56,0x5F,0x58,0x4D,0x4A,0x43,0x44,
0x19,0x1E,0x17,0x10,0x05,0x02,0x0B,0x0C,0x21,0x26,0x2F,0x28,0x3D,0x3A,0x33,0x34,
0x4E,0x49,0x40,0x47,0x52,0x55,0x5C,0x5B,0x76,0x71,0x78,0x7F,0x6A,0x6D,0x64,0x63,
0x3E,0x39,0x30,0x37,0x22,0x25,0x2C,0x2B,0x06,0x01,0x08,0x0F,0x1A,0x1D,0x14,0x13,
0xAE,0xA9,0xA0,0xA7,0xB2,0xB5,0xBC,0xBB,0x96,0x91,0x98,0x9F,0x8A,0x8D,0x84,0x83,
0xDE,0xD9,0xD0,0xD7,0xC2,0xC5,0xCC,0xCB,0xE6,0xE1,0xE8,0xEF,0xFA,0xFD,0xF4,0xF3
};