容易犯的小错误
void autoValue(bool age) {
//此时,该age会将传入的参数age覆盖掉
auto age = 10;
}
auto的使用范例
static void autoValue() {
auto age = 10;
auto name = std::string("Yt");
auto height = 160.0f;
auto weight = 72.0;
//typeid是C++中的关键字。typeid的输出结果与平台相关
std::cout << "age is type " << typeid(age).name() << std::endl;
std::cout << "name is type " << typeid(name).name() << std::endl;
std::cout << "height is type " << typeid(height).name() << std::endl;
std::cout << "weight is type " << typeid(weight).name() << std::endl;
}
static void autoPointer() {
auto age = new int(10); //age类型 int*
auto name = "Yt"; //name的类型为const char*
auto height = new float(160.0f);
auto weight = new double(72.0);
std::cout << "age is type " << typeid(age).name() << std::endl;
std::cout << "name is type " << typeid(name).name() << std::endl;
std::cout << "height is type " << typeid(height).name() << std::endl;
std::cout << "weight is type " << typeid(weight).name() << std::endl;
}
比较三种for循环的效率(for (auto v : group) 、for (size_t i = 0; i < group.size(); ++i) 、for (std::vector<int>::const_iterator iter = group.begin();iter != group.end(); ++iter))
static void newVersionFor() {
int ids[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
std::cout << "new version ";
for (auto v : ids) {
std::cout << v << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl; // "\n";
std::cout << "old version ";
// old version
for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(ids) / sizeof(int); ++i) {
std::cout << ids[i] << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl; // "\n";
std::vector<int> group;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) group.push_back(i);
/*
从效率上分析这三种遍历:最快的是for (auto v : group)
for (size_t i = 0; i < group.size(); ++i)
每次循环都要求一下group.size(),进入循环之后还要找一下group[i]的位置
for (std::vector<int>::const_iterator iter = group.begin();
iter != group.end(); ++iter) {
std::cout << *iter << " ";
}
每次循环的时候都要比较一下iter != group.end(),
并且还要把相应位置的值(即*iter)提取出来
*/
// auto version
for (std::vector<int>::const_iterator iter = group.begin();
iter != group.end(); ++iter) {
std::cout << *iter << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
for (size_t i = 0; i < group.size(); ++i) {
std::cout << group[i] << " ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
std::cout << "vector verion : ";
for (auto v : group) {
v = v * v;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
for (auto& v : group) { //auto求每个元素引用的例子
v = v * v;
}
//const引用可以防止对传入的参数进行误操作。防止不小心把参数的值修改
for (const auto& v : group) {}
}
自定义的类如何使用新版本的 for(auto i : v)
//自定义的类如何使用新版本的for(auto i : v)
class MyVector {
public:
using GroupType = std::vector<int>;
typedef std::vector<int> GroupType;
//只需要定义一下这两个就可以了
GroupType::iterator begin() { return m_group.begin();}
GroupType::iterator end() { return m_group.end();}
private:
GroupType m_group;
};
或者可以这么写
class MyVector {
public:
using GroupType = std::vector<int>;
typedef std::vector<int> GroupType;
//GroupType::iterator begin() { return m_group.begin();}
//GroupType::iterator end() { return m_group.end();}
GroupType m_group;
};
MyVector::GroupType::iterator begin(MyVector& v) {
return v.m_group.begin();
}
MyVector::GroupType::iterator end(MyVector& v) {
return v.m_group.end();
}
(1731条消息) C++类(五)—— 重新审视auto、比较三种for循环的效率、自定义的类如何使用新版本的 for(auto i : v)_c++ auto 效率_王小闹儿的博客-CSDN博客