参数化测试:
测试运行器:
默认的测试运行器是BlockJunit4ClassRunner,对于大多数单元测试足够用。但是当使用JUnit提供的一些高级特性(比如参数化测试、打包测试、或者对特殊需求定制JUnit测试方式)时,需在测试类前显式声明测试运行器。
如 @RunWith(Parameterized.class) 用在参数化测试。
JUnit4断言见P605
模拟利器Mockito
需要下载jar包
设定Mock对象的期望行为及返回值,验证交互行为
例子:
-- MockitoSampleTest.java
package sample.mockito;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import com.baobaotao.domain.User;
import com.baobaotao.service.UserService;
import com.baobaotao.service.UserServiceImpl;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
public class MockitoSampleTest {
//模拟接口
UserService mockUserService = mock(UserService.class);
//模拟实现类
UserServiceImpl mockServiceImpl = mock(UserServiceImpl.class);
//基于注释模拟类
@Mock User mockUser;
@Before
public void initMocks() {
//初始化当前测试类所有@Mock注释模拟对象
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}
@Test
//模拟接口UserService测试
public void testMockInterface() {
//对方法设定返回值
when(mockUserService.findUserByUserName("tom")).thenReturn(
new User("tom", "1234"));
// when(mockUserService.hasMatchUser("tom", "1234")).thenReturn(true);
doReturn(true).when(mockUserService).hasMatchUser("tom", "1234");
//对void方法进行方法预期设定
User u = new User("John", "1234");
doNothing().when(mockUserService).registerUser(u);
//执行方法调用
User user = mockUserService.findUserByUserName("tom");
boolean isMatch = mockUserService.hasMatchUser("tom","1234");
mockUserService.registerUser(u);
assertNotNull(user);
assertEquals(user.getUserName(), "tom");
assertEquals(isMatch, true);
//验证交互行为
verify(mockUserService).findUserByUserName("tom");
//验证方法只调用一次
verify(mockUserService, times(1)).findUserByUserName("tom");
//验证方法至少调用一次
verify(mockUserService, atLeastOnce()).findUserByUserName("tom");
verify(mockUserService, atLeast(1)).findUserByUserName("tom");
//验证方法至多调用一次
verify(mockUserService, atMost(1)).findUserByUserName("tom");
verify(mockUserService).hasMatchUser("tom", "1234");
verify(mockUserService).registerUser(u);
}
//模拟实现类UserServiceImpl测试
@Test
public void testMockClass() {
//对方法设定返回值
when(mockServiceImpl.findUserByUserName("tom")).thenReturn(new User("tom", "1234"));
doReturn(true).when(mockServiceImpl).hasMatchUser("tom", "1234");
User user = mockServiceImpl.findUserByUserName("tom");
boolean isMatch = mockServiceImpl.hasMatchUser("tom","1234");
assertNotNull(user);
assertEquals(user.getUserName(), "tom");
assertEquals(isMatch, true);
//验证交互行为
verify(mockServiceImpl).findUserByUserName("tom");
verify(mockServiceImpl).hasMatchUser("tom", "1234");
}
//模拟User类测试
@Test
public void testMockUser() {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(mockUser);
when(mockUser.getUserId()).thenReturn(1);
when(mockUser.getUserName()).thenReturn("tom");
assertEquals(mockUser.getUserId(),1);
assertEquals(mockUser.getUserName(), "tom");
}
}