元音时域和频域波形分析&基于C++的RGB文件三通道熵的计算

一、元音时域和频域波形分析

录制三个元音a、o、e，分析时域和频域波形：

1.时域分析

未放大时域波形：

放大时域波形：

可以看出其具有规律的周期性

2.频域分析 

 

 3.语谱图

 可清晰看到三个元音的共振峰。

二、RGB文件三通道熵的计算

该部分使用测试文件test.rgb，分辨率为256*256，数据格式为每个像素占用3字节，BGRBGR...保存。

1.熵的计算原理

 先分别计算出R、G、B三个通道0-255各值的概率，再计算通道的熵。

2.代码实现

#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
//打开,创建文件
    FILE *fp=fopen("D:\\大三\\大三下\\数据压缩\\test.rgb","rb"); 
    FILE *fp_r=fopen("D:\\大三\\大三下\\数据压缩\\r.txt","w"); 
    FILE *fp_g=fopen("D:\\大三\\大三下\\数据压缩\\g.txt","w"); 
    FILE *fp_b=fopen("D:\\大三\\大三下\\数据压缩\\b.txt","w"); 
    double h = 256;//高为256
	double w = 256;//宽为256
	
//定义R、G、B分量
	unsigned char* r;
	r = new unsigned char[256 * 256];
	unsigned char* g;
	g = new unsigned char[256 * 256];
	unsigned char* b;
	b = new unsigned char[256 * 256];
	unsigned char* image;
	image = new unsigned char[256 * 256 * 3];
	
//定义频率分量
    double R_F[256] = {0} , G_F[256] = {0} , B_F[256] = {0};
    
//定义熵
    double R_S = 0 , G_S = 0 , B_S = 0;
    
//读取R、G、B三个分量到数组中
    fread(image,sizeof(unsigned char), 256*256*3, fp);
    for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < 256*256*3; i = i + 3, j++)
	{
        b[j] = image[i];
        g[j] = image[i+1];
        r[j] = image[i+2];
    }
    
//计数三通道各颜色值次数
    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
	    for (int j = 0; j <h*w ; j++)
		{
		    if (int(r[j] == i)) {R_F[i]++;}
			if (int(g[j] == i)) {G_F[i]++;}
			if (int(b[j] == i)) {B_F[i]++;}
		}
	}
	
//计算频率
    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
	    R_F[i] = R_F[i] /double (256 * 256);
		B_F[i] = B_F[i] /double (256 * 256);
		G_F[i] = G_F[i] /double (256 * 256);
	}
	

//计算并输出熵
    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
	{
	    if (R_F[i] != 0) {R_S += -R_F[i] * log(R_F[i]) / log(2.0);}
		if (G_F[i] != 0) {G_S += -G_F[i] * log(G_F[i]) / log(2.0);}
		if (B_F[i] != 0) {B_S += -B_F[i] * log(B_F[i]) / log(2.0);}
	}
    cout << "R的熵为" << R_S << endl;
    cout << "G的熵为" << G_S << endl;
    cout << "B的熵为" << B_S << endl;
    fclose(fp);
    fclose(fp_r);
    fclose(fp_g);
    fclose(fp_b);
    return 0;
}

3.运行结果