目录：
入门
主键生成策略
关联关系（一对多）
**
入门：
**
什么是hibernate
Hibernate是ORM框架（全名：object reference mapping/持久层框架），也可以说就是jdbc的一个框架，使用它可以直接与数据库表建立映射关系，hibernate可以直接
通过管理对象来改变数据库中的数据
通过管理对象来操作数据库
极大的方便了程序员--------》
优势：跨数据库的无缝移植
当然由于SQL语句不是开发人员写的，修改bug不是很方便，配置文件也比较复杂
hibernate基本操作：
如何在项目中添加hibernate支持(手动添加)
2.1 添加hibernate相关依赖
2.2 在resource目录下添加hibernate.cfg.xml(核心配置文件)
2.2.1 添加DTD支持
2.2.2 添加Hibernate的配置
2.2.2.1 数据库相关(connection.username|connection.password|connection.url|connection.driver_class|dialect)
2.2.2.2 调试相关(show_sql|format_sql)
2.3 在开发阶段再创建实体类和实体映射文件(*.hbm.xml)
实体必须实现Serializable接口
如何使用hibernate完成CRUD操作
4.1 CRUD操作步骤
4.1.1 读取配置
4.1.2 创建SessionFactory
4.1.3 打开Session
4.1.4 开启事务
4.1.5 CURD
4.1.6 提交事务/回滚事务
4.1.7 关闭Session
4.2 注意事项
4.2.1 hibernate默认使用的是手动事务，因此必须显示的开启和提交事务
4.2.2 删除操作时，必须先查再删
按照上面的步骤，来进行演示：
添加hibernate相关依赖
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ly</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate6</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>hibernate6 Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<servlet.version>4.0.0</servlet.version>
<hibernate.version>5.3.0.Final</hibernate.version>
<mysql.driver.version>5.1.46</mysql.driver.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${servlet.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.driver.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>hibernate6</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>${maven.compiler.source}</source>
<target>${maven.compiler.target}</target>
<encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
在resource目录下添加hibernate.cfg.xml(核心配置文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 1. 数据库相关 -->
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">123</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- 配置本地事务（No CurrentSessionContext configured!） -->
<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<!-- 2. 调试相关 -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 3. 添加实体映射文件 -->
<mapping resource="com/ly/one/entity/User.hbm.xml" />
<!-- 主键生成策略 -->
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
实体类和实体映射文件(*.hbm.xml)
package com.ly.one.entity;
public class User {
private int user_id;
private String user_name;
private String user_pwd;
private int user_type;
public int getUser_id() {
return user_id;
}
public void setUser_id(int user_id) {
this.user_id = user_id;
}
public String getUser_name() {
return user_name;
}
public void setUser_name(String user_name) {
this.user_name = user_name;
}
public String getUser_pwd() {
return user_pwd;
}
public void setUser_pwd(String user_pwd) {
this.user_pwd = user_pwd;
}
public int getUser_type() {
return user_type;
}
public void setUser_type(int user_type) {
this.user_type = user_type;
}
public User(int user_id, String user_name, String user_pwd, int user_type) {
super();
this.user_id = user_id;
this.user_name = user_name;
this.user_pwd = user_pwd;
this.user_type = user_type;
}
public User( String user_name, String user_pwd, int user_type) {
super();
this.user_name = user_name;
this.user_pwd = user_pwd;
this.user_type = user_type;
}
public User() {
super();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [user_id=" + user_id + ", user_name=" + user_name + ", user_pwd=" + user_pwd + ", user_type="
+ user_type + "]";
}
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<!--
class标签：
name : 对应的是需要映射的实体类全路径名
table : 实体类对应的数据库中的表
id标签：配置的是表中的主键
name 对应的是实体类属性名
type:指的是实体类数据类型
column:数据库对应的列段
property：配置除去主键以外列段对应的类属性映射关系
name 对应的是实体类属性名
type:指的是实体类数据类型
column:数据库对应的列段
insert="false" update="false"
上面的含义：该列段或者说该属性制作查询用，不做更新
-->
<class name="com.ly.one.entity.User" table="t_user">
<id name="user_id" type="java.lang.Integer" column="user_id">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="user_name" type="java.lang.String" column="user_name">
</property>
<property name="user_pwd" type="java.lang.String" column="user_pwd">
</property>
<property name="user_type" type="java.lang.Integer" column="user_type">
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
这时候就可以进行操作了：
查找：
package com.ly.one.demo;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
/**
* hibernate查询演示
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class QueryDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
//会话，而这里的会话指的是操作数据库的链接
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
List list = session.createQuery("from User").list();
for (Object obj : list) {
System.out.println(obj);
}
session.close();
}
}
增加：
package com.ly.one.demo;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.ly.one.entity.User;
/**
* hibernate新增演示
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class InsertDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
//会话，而这里的会话指的是操作数据库的链接
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
session.save(new User("ss", "123", 1));
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
}
修改：
package com.ly.one.demo;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.ly.one.entity.User;
/**
* hibernate修改演示
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class UpdateDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
//会话，而这里的会话指的是操作数据库的链接
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
User user = session.get(User.class,13);
user.setUser_name("李先生1");
System.out.println(user);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
}
删除：
package com.ly.one.demo;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.ly.one.entity.User;
/**
* hibernate删除演示
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class DeleteDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Configuration configure = new Configuration().configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
SessionFactory sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
//会话，而这里的会话指的是操作数据库的链接
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
User user = new User();
user.setUser_id(13);
session.delete(user);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
}
**
主键生成策略
**
对hibernate入门的延续
主要在hibernate基础上了解数据库表主键是怎么生成的。（符合主键生成策略）
我们首先可以导入一个工具类，是为了可以用来检查所写的映射文件是否正确
package com.ly.two.util;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
/**
* 这个类是在学习hibernate的过程中所用（整合SSH框架之前用）
*
* 作用：
* 可以用来检查所写的映射文件是否正确
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class SessionFactoryUtils {
private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
// 存放当前会话
private static ThreadLocal<Session> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Session>();
static {
Configuration cfg = new Configuration();
Configuration configure = cfg.configure("/hibernate.cfg.xml");
sessionFactory = configure.buildSessionFactory();
}
public static Session openSession() {
Session session = threadLocal.get();
if (null == session) {
session = sessionFactory.openSession();
threadLocal.set(session);
}
return session;
}
public static void closeSession() {
Session session = threadLocal.get();
if (null != session) {
if (session.isOpen()) {
session.close();
}
threadLocal.set(null);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = openSession();
System.out.println(session.isConnected());
closeSession();
}
}
其次准备工作：
实体类映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.ly.two.entity.Student" table="t_student">
<id name="sid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="sid">
<generator class="assigned" />
<!-- <generator class="increment" /> -->
<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param>
</generator> -->
<!-- <generator class="com.javaxl.two.id.Myts" /> -->
</id>
<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String" column="sname">
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.ly.two.entity.Worker" table="t_worker">
<id name="wid" type="java.lang.String" column="wid">
<generator class="assigned" />
<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param>
</generator> -->
<!-- <generator class="com.javaxl.two.id.Myts" /> -->
</id>
<property name="wname" type="java.lang.String" column="wname">
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
几种方法：
1.1 程序员自己控制：assigned
1.2 数据库控制: identity(标识列/自动增长) sequence
1.3 hibernate控制:increment uuid/uuid.hex
1.4 其它:native
公司名_模块名_时间戳
2. 主键生成器要求
2.1 assigned
数据类型不限、保存前必须赋值—》
自己定义id
2.2 identity
数字，无需赋值----》
如果在数据库设置了标识列就可以自动长
2.3 sequence
数字，无需赋值， 默认使hibernate_sequence这个序列，
也可以通过sequence/sequence_name参数赋值
2.4 increment
数字，无需赋值----》
不需要数据库设置标识列
2.5 uuid/uuid.hex (是由容器自动生成的一个32位的字符串，.hex代表的是十六进制)
32位的字符串，无需赋值，
2.6 native
等于identity+sequence
重点·掌握native
自定义主键生成器
3.1 *.hbm.xml指定主键生成器类
3.2 创建主键生成器类
实现org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator接口即可,并还可以实现org.hibernate.id.Configurable接口来读取一些配置信息
下面就是一个演示了：
实体类：
package com.ly.two.entity;
public class Worker {
private String wid;
private String wname;
public String getWid() {
return wid;
}
public void setWid(String wid) {
this.wid = wid;
}
public String getWname() {
return wname;
}
public void setWname(String wname) {
this.wname = wname;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Worker [wid=" + wid + ", wname=" + wname + "]";
}
}
hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 1. 数据库相关 -->
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">123</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mysql?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
</property>
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<!-- 配置本地事务（No CurrentSessionContext configured!） -->
<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<!-- 2. 调试相关 -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 3. 添加实体映射文件 -->
<mapping resource="com/ly/one/entity/User.hbm.xml" />
<!-- 主键生成策略 -->
<mapping resource="com/ly/two/entity/Student.hbm.xml" />
<mapping resource="com/ly/two/entity/Worker.hbm.xml" />
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
Worker.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.ly.two.entity.Worker" table="t_worker">
<id name="wid" type="java.lang.String" column="wid">
<!--<generator class="assigned" />-->
<!-- <generator class="uuid" /> -->
<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param>
</generator> -->
<generator class="com.ly.two.id.Myts" />
</id>
<property name="wname" type="java.lang.String" column="wname">
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
DemoDao
package com.ly.two.dao;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.ly.two.entity.Student;
import com.ly.two.entity.Worker;
import com.ly.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
public class DemoDao {
/**
* 添加学生
* @param stu
* @return
*/
public Serializable addStudent(Student stu) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Serializable saveId = session.save(stu);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return saveId;
}
/**
* 添加工人
* @param stu
* @return
*/
public Serializable addWorker(Worker worker) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Serializable saveId = session.save(worker);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return saveId;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
DemoDao dao = new DemoDao();
// Student stu = new Student();
// stu.setSid(7);
Worker worker = new Worker();
// stu.setSname("lll22211");
worker.setWname("互动活动");
System.out.println(dao.addWorker(worker));
}
}
自定义主键生成器 Myts
package com.ly.two.id;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.engine.spi.SharedSessionContractImplementor;
import org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator;
public class Myts implements IdentifierGenerator {
@Override
public Serializable generate(SharedSessionContractImplementor arg0, Object arg1) throws HibernateException {
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
return "ly_shop_book_"+sdf.format(new Date());
}
}
看看效果：
关联关系（一对多）
什么是关联关系？
1.1 关联指的是类之间的引用关系。如果类A与类B关联，那么被引用的类B将被定义为类A的属性。
意思就是 有A和B两个类 然后B作为A的属性，那么A和B就有关联了。
class B{
private String name;
}
public class A{
private B b = new B;
public A(){}
}
1.2 关联的分类：关联可以分为一对一、一对多/多对一、多对多关联
而我们的订单和订单项就是一个经典案例，一个订单对应多个订单项
我们也可以用hibernate实现订单与订单项的一对多增删查改
思路有三个：
写好实体类，
核心文件配置好映射文件，
在Order.hbm.xml中配置相关映射和列，在Orderitems.hbm.xml配置相关映射和列
然后实现案例
实体类：
Order
package com.ly.three.entity;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Order {
private Integer orderId;
private String orderNo;
//建立关联关系，一个订单对应多个订单项
private List<OrderItem> orderItems = new ArrayList<>();
private Integer initChildren = 0;//0是懒加载 ，1 false
public void setInitChildren(Integer initChildren) {
this.initChildren = initChildren;
}
public List<OrderItem> getOrderItems() {
return orderItems;
}
public void setOrderItems(List<OrderItem> orderItems) {
this.orderItems = orderItems;
}
public Integer getOrderId() {
return orderId;
}
public void setOrderId(Integer orderId) {
this.orderId = orderId;
}
public String getOrderNo() {
return orderNo;
}
public void setOrderNo(String orderNo) {
this.orderNo = orderNo;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Order [orderId=" + orderId + ", orderNo=" + orderNo + "]";
}
public Object getInitChildren() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return 1;
}
}
Orderitems
package com.ly.three.entity;
public class OrderItem {
private Integer orderItemId;
private Integer productId;
private Integer quantity;
private Integer oid;
private Order order;
//建立关联关系，一个订单项对应一个订单
public Order getOrder() {
return order;
}
public void setOrder(Order order) {
this.order = order;
}
public Integer getOrderItemId() {
return orderItemId;
}
public void setOrderItemId(Integer orderItemId) {
this.orderItemId = orderItemId;
}
public Integer getProductId() {
return productId;
}
public void setProductId(Integer productId) {
this.productId = productId;
}
public Integer getQuantity() {
return quantity;
}
public void setQuantity(Integer quantity) {
this.quantity = quantity;
}
public Integer getOid() {
return oid;
}
public void setOid(Integer oid) {
this.oid = oid;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "OrderItem [orderItemId=" + orderItemId + ", productId=" + productId + ", quantity=" + quantity + ", oid="
+ oid + "]";
}
}
Order.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.ly.three.entity.Order" table="t_hibernate_order">
<id name="orderId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="order_id">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="orderNo" type="java.lang.String" column="order_no">
</property>
<!--
bag标签：
lazy:是否懒加载 默认懒加载 true 懒汉模式
name:类的关联属性名
cascade：级联关系 级联新增与修改
inverse:关联关系交给对方控制 模式TRUE 当前类不维护关联关系
子标签 key:
column: 主表的主键 从表的外键
子标签 one-to-many：
class:外键对应的实体类
-->
<bag lazy="true" name="orderItems" cascade="save-update" inverse="true">
<!-- 从表的外键 -->
<key column="oid"></key>
<one-to-many class="com.ly.three.entity.OrderItem"/>
</bag>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
OrderItem.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.ly.three.entity.OrderItem" table="t_hibernate_order_item">
<id name="orderItemId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="order_item_id">
<generator class="increment" />
</id>
<property name="productId" type="java.lang.Integer" column="product_id">
</property>
<property name="quantity" type="java.lang.Integer" column="quantity">
</property>
<property name="oid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="oid" insert="false" update="false">
</property>
<many-to-one name="order" class="com.ly.three.entity.Order" column="oid">
</many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
DemoDao
package com.ly.three.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Hibernate;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.ly.three.entity.Order;
import com.ly.three.entity.OrderItem;
import com.ly.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;
public class DemoDao {
/**
* 为了测试关系型映射文件配置准确
* 讲解insert=false，update=false的用途
* @param order
* @return
*/
public Integer addOrder(Order order) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Integer oid = (Integer)session.save(order);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return oid;
}
public Integer addOrderItem(OrderItem orderItem) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Integer otid = (Integer)session.save(orderItem);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return otid;
}
/**
* 为了讲解懒加载的问题（hibernate3.0后所有查询方式默认采用的是懒加载方式）
* 1、查单个时存在问题，代理对象已经关闭
* 2、查多个存在问题，有性能的问题
* @param order
* @return
*/
public Order getOrder(Order order) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Order o = session.get(Order.class, order.getOrderId());
if(o != null && new Integer(1).equals(order.getInitChildren())) {
// 强制加载关联对象
Hibernate.initialize(o.getOrderItems());
// System.out.println(o.getOrderItems());
}
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return o;
}
public List<Order> getOrderList() {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
List<Order> list = session.createQuery("from Order").list();
transaction.commit();
session.close();
return list;
}
/**
* z主表的数据不能随便删除，得先删除从表中对应信息，才能删除主表的信息。
* @param order
*/
public void delOrder(Order order) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
Order order2 = session.get(Order.class, order.getOrderId());
for (OrderItem oi : order2.getOrderItems()) {
session.delete(oi);
}
session.delete(order2);
// session.delete(order);
transaction.commit();
session.close();
}
}
在用junit进行测试
package com.ly.three.dao;
import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.ly.three.entity.Order;
import com.ly.three.entity.OrderItem;
/**
* @Before每测试一个@test标记的测试方法，都会调用之前执行一次
* @After每测试一个@test标记的测试方法，都会调用之后执行一次
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class DemoDaoTest {
private DemoDao demoDao = new DemoDao();
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
System.out.println("加载资源");
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
System.out.println("释放资源");
}
@Test
public void testAddOrder() {
Order order = new Order();
order.setOrderNo("p20");
OrderItem orderItem = null;
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
orderItem = new OrderItem();
orderItem.setProductId(10+i);
orderItem.setQuantity(20+i);
//维护关联关系
orderItem.setOrder(order);
order.getOrderItems().add(orderItem);
}
demoDao.addOrder(order);
}
@Test
public void testAddOrderItem() {
OrderItem orderItem = new OrderItem();
orderItem.setProductId(12);
orderItem.setQuantity(31);
Order order = new Order();
order.setOrderId(1);
order.getOrderItems().add(orderItem);
orderItem.setOrder(order);
demoDao.addOrder(order);
}
@Test
public void testGetOrder() {
Order order = new Order();
order.setOrderId(1);
order.setInitChildren(1);
Order o = this.demoDao.getOrder(order);
// failed to lazily initialize a collection of role:
// com.ly.three.entity.Order.orderItems,
// could not initialize proxy - no Session
// 原因：操作了两次数据库 当lazy=false的时候，
// 会让hibernate执行完两次操作，session才会关闭
// 当lazy=true的时候，
// 会让hibernate执行完yi次操作，session就会关闭
//处于性能考虑，所以hibernate3.0出现了lazy这个属性，并让他默认等于true,也就是不加载关联属性
List<OrderItem> orderItems = o.getOrderItems();
for (OrderItem orderItem : orderItems) {
System.out.println(orderItem);
}
System.out.println(o);
}
@Test
public void testGetOrderList() {
List<Order> orderList = this.demoDao.getOrderList();
for (Order order : orderList) {
for (OrderItem orderItem : order.getOrderItems()) {
System.out.println(orderItem);
}
System.out.println(order);
}
}
@Test
public void testDelOrder() {
Order order = new Order();
order.setOrderId(1);
this.demoDao.delOrder(order);
}
}
hibernate框架一对多的执行原理
1.对hibernate.cfg.xml进行建模，de到sessionFactory对象
2.并且拿到了mapping resource里的内容
3.拿到了Order.hbm.xml配置文件
4.可以再次建模，拿到com.shl.three.entity.Order，以及t_hibernate_order
类属性，以及表列段
5.生成动态sql
执行sql最终得到meterData（源数据模型）
6.Order o1 = Class.forName("com.shl.three.entity.Order").newInstance(0);
o1.set...
...
最终得到：
List<Order> list=new arr..
list.add(o1);
..
最终list中所有order实例都有值了（这里只是处理表面的非外键列段，原理完全跟baseDao一样）
7.处理关联关系 orderitems oid com.shl.three.entity.OrderItem
通过one-to-many这个标签以及class对应的全路径名会找到对class对应的全路径名对应的专属映射文件
也就是找到了 OrderItem.hbm.xml,拿到他之后就可以拿到t_hibernate_order_item
8.select * from t_hibernate_order_item;
最终得到了一个List<OrderItem> ois
9.给order的关联关系属性赋值
List<Order> list=new arr..
for(Order o:list){
o.setOrderItem(ois);
}
懒加载：
//处于性能考虑，所以hibernate3.0出现了lazy这个属性，并让他默认等于true,也就是不加载关联属性
当lazy=true时：懒加载，当lazy=false时：不是懒加载，默认为懒加载
lazy为false，就会自动获取到对应订单项的内容
// 强制加载关联对象
Hibernate.initialize(o.getOrderItems());
order.setInitChildren(1);
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