Perf_event_open 解决问题之一。

上一篇博客说Perf_event_open遇到了问题，获得的计数器不准。

我分析原因，可能是性能计数器是一个核中的硬件，它只能计数在该核中运行的程序。而在多核处理器中，任务调度可能会将我需要计数的程序分配给其他的核，而这种分配是动态的，所以每次得到的不一样。这可能是原因之一。

很凑巧，我误打误撞竟然得到了较为正确的做法。在官方手册中说明。

 The pid and cpu arguments allow specifying which process and CPU to
       monitor:

       pid == 0 and cpu == -1
              This measures the calling process/thread on any CPU.

       pid == 0 and cpu >= 0
              This measures the calling process/thread only when running on
              the specified CPU.

       pid > 0 and cpu == -1
              This measures the specified process/thread on any CPU.

       pid > 0 and cpu >= 0
              This measures the specified process/thread only when running
              on the specified CPU.

       pid == -1 and cpu >= 0
              This measures all processes/threads on the specified CPU.
              This requires CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability or a
              /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid value of less than 1.

       pid == -1 and cpu == -1
              This setting is invalid and will return an error.

       When pid is greater than zero, permission to perform this system call
       is governed by a ptrace access mode PTRACE_MODE_READ_REALCREDS check;
       see ptrace(2).

我将pid == 0和cpu >=0，再按照CPU 多设置几组并行统计，能得到较为准确的值。