webrtc源码学习 - thread 线程实现

1、webrtc thread 介绍

1.1类图

1.2 thread 为什么继承 MessageQueue

thread 继承MessageQueue, 主要是复用了Post 等接口，大家可以想一下，正常情况下，我们实现线程，queue 作为成员变量，添加任务的时候也就是将任务直接放到队列中。如果继承了MessageQueue 就可以复用Queue的接口，thread 就减少了接口。

2、thread 的实现

2.1 Thread::Start

调用windows 方法CreateThread 创建线程，回调函数PreRun

bool Thread::Start(Runnable* runnable) {
  RTC_DCHECK(!IsRunning());

  if (IsRunning())
    return false;

  Restart();  // reset IsQuitting() if the thread is being restarted

  // Make sure that ThreadManager is created on the main thread before
  // we start a new thread.
  ThreadManager::Instance();

  owned_ = true;

  ThreadInit* init = new ThreadInit;
  init->thread = this;
  init->runnable = runnable;
  thread_ = CreateThread(nullptr, 0, PreRun, init, 0, &thread_id_);
  if (!thread_) {
    return false;
  }
  return true;
}

2.2 线程循环Run

PreRun 最终调用 Thread::Run()，不断调用Get 函数获取执行的Message ，Get 方法，如果没有消息会阻塞，获取消息后，调用Dispatch （MessageQueue::Dispatch ）进行执行调用。
Get 方法可以查看 2.5小节

void Thread::Run() {
  ProcessMessages(kForever);
}


bool Thread::ProcessMessages(int cmsLoop) {
  // Using ProcessMessages with a custom clock for testing and a time greater
  // than 0 doesn't work, since it's not guaranteed to advance the custom
  // clock's time, and may get stuck in an infinite loop.
  RTC_DCHECK(GetClockForTesting() == nullptr || cmsLoop == 0 ||
             cmsLoop == kForever);
  int64_t msEnd = (kForever == cmsLoop) ? 0 : TimeAfter(cmsLoop);
  int cmsNext = cmsLoop;

  while (true) {
#if defined(WEBRTC_MAC)
    ScopedAutoReleasePool pool;
#endif
    Message msg;
    if (!Get(&msg, cmsNext))
      return !IsQuitting();
    Dispatch(&msg);

    if (cmsLoop != kForever) {
      cmsNext = static_cast<int>(TimeUntil(msEnd));
      if (cmsNext < 0)
        return true;
    }
  }
}

Message 中 phandler 是执行方法，所有需要线程执行任务都必须 继承与 MessageHandler，此抽象类中只有一个虚函数OnMessage。被执行的对象需要实现OnMessage，OnMessage 就是在对应的线程中执行的了。

void MessageQueue::Dispatch(Message* pmsg) {
  TRACE_EVENT2("webrtc", "MessageQueue::Dispatch", "src_file_and_line",
               pmsg->posted_from.file_and_line(), "src_func",
               pmsg->posted_from.function_name());
  int64_t start_time = TimeMillis();
  pmsg->phandler->OnMessage(pmsg);
  int64_t end_time = TimeMillis();
  int64_t diff = TimeDiff(end_time, start_time);
  if (diff >= kSlowDispatchLoggingThreshold) {
    RTC_LOG(LS_INFO) << "Message took " << diff
                     << "ms to dispatch. Posted from: "
                     << pmsg->posted_from.ToString();
  }
}

2.3 线程调用的示例

if (!network_thread_) {
    owned_network_thread_ = rtc::Thread::CreateWithSocketServer();
    owned_network_thread_->SetName("pc_network_thread", nullptr);
    owned_network_thread_->Start();
    network_thread_ = owned_network_thread_.get();
  }
 
network_thread_->Post(RTC_FROM_HERE, this, MSG_CONFIG_START);

2.4 Post

MessageQueue 是消息队列，thread 也是继承与MessageQueue ，其实一般情况是 聚合关系，但是Post 这些接口直接可以复用，减少了Thread的接口。

 MessageList msgq_ RTC_GUARDED_BY(crit_);
 
void MessageQueue::Post(const Location& posted_from,
                        MessageHandler* phandler,
                        uint32_t id,
                        MessageData* pdata,
                        bool time_sensitive) {
  if (IsQuitting()) {
    delete pdata;
    return;
  }

  // Keep thread safe
  // Add the message to the end of the queue
  // Signal for the multiplexer to return

  {
    CritScope cs(&crit_);
    Message msg;
    msg.posted_from = posted_from;
    msg.phandler = phandler;
    msg.message_id = id;
    msg.pdata = pdata;
    if (time_sensitive) {
      msg.ts_sensitive = TimeMillis() + kMaxMsgLatency;
    }
    msgq_.push_back(msg);
  }
  WakeUpSocketServer();
}

延迟执行，DelayedMessage 封装了Message，增加延迟时间。将存储在优先级队列中

PriorityQueue dmsgq_ RTC_GUARDED_BY(crit_);

void MessageQueue::DoDelayPost(const Location& posted_from,
                               int64_t cmsDelay,
                               int64_t tstamp,
                               MessageHandler* phandler,
                               uint32_t id,
                               MessageData* pdata) {
  if (IsQuitting()) {
    delete pdata;
    return;
  }

  // Keep thread safe
  // Add to the priority queue. Gets sorted soonest first.
  // Signal for the multiplexer to return.

  {
    CritScope cs(&crit_);
    Message msg;
    msg.posted_from = posted_from;
    msg.phandler = phandler;
    msg.message_id = id;
    msg.pdata = pdata;
    DelayedMessage dmsg(cmsDelay, tstamp, dmsgq_next_num_, msg);
    dmsgq_.push(dmsg);
    // If this message queue processes 1 message every millisecond for 50 days,
    // we will wrap this number.  Even then, only messages with identical times
    // will be misordered, and then only briefly.  This is probably ok.
    ++dmsgq_next_num_;
    RTC_DCHECK_NE(0, dmsgq_next_num_);
  }
  WakeUpSocketServer();
}

2.5 Get

大概流程是

• 判断延迟队列是否有超时任务，如果有就放到对应消息队列中等待执行
• 在消息队列中获取一个消息，然后返回
• 如果消息队列中没有任务，就调用wait 进行等待

bool MessageQueue::Get(Message* pmsg, int cmsWait, bool process_io) {
  // Return and clear peek if present
  // Always return the peek if it exists so there is Peek/Get symmetry

  if (fPeekKeep_) {
    *pmsg = msgPeek_;
    fPeekKeep_ = false;
    return true;
  }

  // Get w/wait + timer scan / dispatch + socket / event multiplexer dispatch

  int64_t cmsTotal = cmsWait;
  int64_t cmsElapsed = 0;
  int64_t msStart = TimeMillis();
  int64_t msCurrent = msStart;
  while (true) {
    // Check for sent messages
    ReceiveSends();

    // Check for posted events
    int64_t cmsDelayNext = kForever;
    bool first_pass = true;
    while (true) {
      // All queue operations need to be locked, but nothing else in this loop
      // (specifically handling disposed message) can happen inside the crit.
      // Otherwise, disposed MessageHandlers will cause deadlocks.
      {
        CritScope cs(&crit_);
        // On the first pass, check for delayed messages that have been
        // triggered and calculate the next trigger time.
        if (first_pass) {
          first_pass = false;
		  // 从延迟队列中，找到超时的任务，然后加入到消息队列（非延时）
          while (!dmsgq_.empty()) {
            if (msCurrent < dmsgq_.top().msTrigger_) {
              cmsDelayNext = TimeDiff(dmsgq_.top().msTrigger_, msCurrent);
              break;
            }
            msgq_.push_back(dmsgq_.top().msg_);
            dmsgq_.pop();
          }
        }
        // Pull a message off the message queue, if available.
		// 1. 在队列中拉取一个消息
        if (msgq_.empty()) {
          break;
        } else {
          *pmsg = msgq_.front();
          msgq_.pop_front();
        }
      }  // crit_ is released here.

      // Log a warning for time-sensitive messages that we're late to deliver.
      if (pmsg->ts_sensitive) {
        int64_t delay = TimeDiff(msCurrent, pmsg->ts_sensitive);
        if (delay > 0) {
          RTC_LOG_F(LS_WARNING)
              << "id: " << pmsg->message_id
              << "  delay: " << (delay + kMaxMsgLatency) << "ms";
        }
      }
      // If this was a dispose message, delete it and skip it.
      if (MQID_DISPOSE == pmsg->message_id) {
        RTC_DCHECK(nullptr == pmsg->phandler);
        delete pmsg->pdata;
        *pmsg = Message();
        continue;
      }
      return true;
    }

    if (IsQuitting())
      break;

    // Which is shorter, the delay wait or the asked wait?

    int64_t cmsNext;
    if (cmsWait == kForever) {
      cmsNext = cmsDelayNext;
    } else {
      cmsNext = std::max<int64_t>(0, cmsTotal - cmsElapsed);
      if ((cmsDelayNext != kForever) && (cmsDelayNext < cmsNext))
        cmsNext = cmsDelayNext;
    }

    {
      // Wait and multiplex in the meantime
	  // 2. 阻塞等待，设置超时时间
      if (!ss_->Wait(static_cast<int>(cmsNext), process_io))
        return false;
    }

    // If the specified timeout expired, return

    msCurrent = TimeMillis();
    cmsElapsed = TimeDiff(msCurrent, msStart);
    if (cmsWait != kForever) {
      if (cmsElapsed >= cmsWait)
        return false;
    }
  }
  return false;
}