JDBC-----------------------数据库连接的五种方法

要手动下载驱动jar包,第五种是层层净化的最终版

import org.junit.Test;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Driver;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class connectiontest {
    //方式一
    @Test
    public void testconnection1() throws SQLException {
        //要下载添加mysql驱动的jar包
        Driver driver=new com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver();
        String url ="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC";
        Properties info = new Properties();
        info.setProperty("user","root");
        info.setProperty("password","root");
        //通过驱动获取连接
        Connection conn=driver.connect(url,info);
        System.out.println(conn);
    }
    //方式二,不出现第三方api，使程序具有更好的可移植性
    @Test
    public void testconnection2() throws ClassNotFoundException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException, SQLException {
        //获取driver实现类对象使用反射
        Class clazz=Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
        Driver driver=(Driver) clazz.newInstance();
        String url ="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC";
        Properties info = new Properties();
        info.setProperty("user","root");
        info.setProperty("password","root");
        Connection conn=driver.connect(url,info);
        System.out.println(conn);
    }
    //方法三，使用drivermanager替换driver
    @Test
    public void testconnection3() throws Exception{
        //获取driver实现类对象使用反射
        Class clazz=Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
        Driver driver=(Driver) clazz.newInstance();
        //驱动管理器注册驱动
        DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);
        String user="root";
        String password="root";
        String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC";
        Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
		System.out.println(conn);
    }
    //方法四，省略注册等操作
     @Test
    public void testconnection3() throws Exception{
        //获取driver实现类对象使用反射
        Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
        //Driver driver=(Driver) clazz.newInstance();
        //驱动管理器注册驱动
        //DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);
        String user="root";
        String password="root";
        String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC";
        Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
		System.out.println(conn);
    }
    //方式五(final版)：将数据库连接需要的4个基本信息声明在配置文件中，通过读取配置文件的方式，获取连接
	/*
	 * 此种方式的好处？
	 * 1.实现了数据与代码的分离。实现了解耦
	 * 2.如果需要修改配置文件信息，可以避免程序重新打包。
	 */
	@Test
	 public void getConnection5() throws Exception{

        //1.读取配置文件中的4个基本信息
        InputStream is =  ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties");
        Properties pros = new Properties();
        pros.load(is);

        String user = pros.getProperty("user");
        String password = pros.getProperty("password");
        String url = pros.getProperty("url");
        String driverClass = pros.getProperty("driverClass");

        //2.加载驱动
        Class.forName(driverClass);

        //3.获取连接
        Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        System.out.println(conn);


    }
}

配置文件jdbc.properties(一定要放在src下)

user=root
password=root
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
driverClass=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver