Android RecyclerView使用及优化方法

1.在app/build.gradle文件里，在dependencies中添加依赖

dependencies{
 implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:30.0.0'//这里面的30，要与上面compileSdkVersion 28 的后面数字相同
 }

2.在主活动的layout中父布局为LinearLayout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">


    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recyclerview"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</LinearLayout>

3.创建一个实体类，给RecycleView的适配器（Adapter）适配

package utils;

public class TX {
    private String name;
    private int imageId;//两个成员变量

    public TX(String name, int imageId) {//构造方法，用以赋值
        this.name = name;
        this.imageId = imageId;//赋予变量值
    }

    public String getName() {//获得Name的值
        return name;
    }

    public int getImageId() {//用以获得图片ID的值
        return imageId;
    }
}

4.每个子项的Layout，用来显示RecyclerView中显示的内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal">

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/tx_image"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tx_name"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:textColor="#000000"
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        android:textSize="30sp">
    </TextView>

</LinearLayout>

5.适配器（最重要的部分，也是最有难度的一部分）

public class TxAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<TxAdapter.ViewHolder> {

    private List<TX> mList;
    
    static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
    //内部静态类，用以定义TxApter.View的泛型
        ImageView txImage;
        TextView txName;
        View txview;

        public ViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            txview = itemView;
            txImage = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tx_image);
            txName = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tx_name);
        }
    }

    public TxAdapter(List<TX> list){
        mList = list;
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View view =LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.item,parent,false);

        ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(view);

//点击事件
        viewHolder.txview.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                TX tx = mList.get(viewHolder.getAdapterPosition());
                Toast.makeText(v.getContext(),tx.getName(),Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        });

        return viewHolder;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        TX tx = mList.get(position);
        holder.txImage.setImageResource(tx.getImageId());
        holder.txName.setText(tx.getName());
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
     //用以返回RecyclerView的总共长度，这里直接使用了链表的长度（size）
        return mList.size();
    }
}

6.在主活动的.java文件中添加代码

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private List<TX> txList = new ArrayList<>();//一个全局的链表

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        initTxs();
        RecyclerView recyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recyclerview);
        LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(manager);

        TxAdapter adapter = new TxAdapter(txList);
        recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter);
    }

    private void initTxs() {
        for (int i=0; i <20 ; i++) {
            TX tx1 = new TX("牛",R.drawable.niu);
            txList.add(tx1);
            TX tx2 = new TX("天",R.drawable.tian);
            txList.add(tx2);
        }
    }
}

然后一个RecyclerView就可以正常运行了
熟能生巧！