在平时的ABAP开发中,需要捕获的异常通常为两种,一种是执行SQL,比如主键重复,INSERT语句字段类型不匹配等。还有就是RFC的通信错误,比如不能进行远程连接等。通常可以这么处理:
1.数据库异常:
DATA: lcx_error TYPE REF TO cx_root. "cx_sy_sql_error . "cx_sy_open_sql_db.
DATA i_tab LIKE TABLE OF spfli WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA err_text TYPE c LENGTH 1000.
TRY.
INSERT spfli FROM TABLE i_tab.
CATCH cx_sy_open_sql_db INTO lcx_error.
err_text = lcx_error->get_text( ). "得到错误信息
sy-subrc = 4. "改变系统变量
ENDTRY.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
WRITE :/ '数据更新失败!'.
WRITE err_text.
ROLLBACK WORK.
ELSE.
WRITE :/ '数据更新成功!'.
COMMIT WORK.
ENDIF.
2.RFC异常:
TRY.
CALL FUNCTION 'Z_DAQ_CALL_JCO'
DESTINATION 'ZJCOSERVER_DAQ'
EXPORTING
pv_empid = l_empid
IMPORTING
pv_rlt = l_rlt
TABLES
it_spfli = i_tab
EXCEPTIONS
system_failure = 1 MESSAGE err_text
communication_failure = 2 MESSAGE err_text.
ENDTRY.
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
WRITE: / '调用***失败!' , err_text.
ENDIF.
-------------------------------------
详细的信息可以参加下面的内容:
http://blog.csdn.net/CompassButton/archive/2007/04/03/1550818.aspx
1、异常分类
从sap 6.10开始,abap的异常分为两类:1)基于异常类的异常,2)非类异常。非类异常又分为系统定义异常(如:被0除异常)和用户自定义异常(用户自定义函数中由exception语句定义,raise语句产生的异常)。
异常有的是可以截获处理,用户可以截获做相应处理,系统将可以继续执行程序。如果用户不处理,系统将产生错误,并停止执行程序。有的异常为不可截获的错误异常,系统将直接产生错误,并停止执行程序。
2、异常处理语句
基于类异常相关语句:
a)TRY.
... guarded section
CATCH cx11 ... cx1n [INTO ex1].
... handlers for exceptions cx11 to cx1n
CATCH cx21 ... cx2m [INTO ex2].
... handlers for exceptions cx21 bis cx2m
... other handlers
CLEANUP.
... cleanup block
ENDTRY.
b)RAISE EXCEPTION TYPE class.
c)RAISING cx1 ... cxn
非类异常相关语句:
a)catch system-exceptions ARITHMETIC_ERRORS = 4.
....
endcatch.
c) raise (In function or method)
3、异常截获处理方法
Handling exceptions using/with exception classes 截获处理方法
data MYREF type ref to CX_SY_ARITHMETIC_ERROR.
data ERR_TEXT type STRING.
data RESULT type I.
try.
RESULT = 1 / 0.
catch cx_sy_arithmetic_error into MYREF.
ERR_TEXT = MYREF->GET_TEXT( ).
endtry.
Handling exceptions as catchable runtime errors (向后兼容6.10)
此异常处理sap建议使用try...endtry代替(错误和异常类对应关系参见第5部分)。
data RESULT type I.
catch system-exceptions ARITHMETIC_ERRORS = 4.
RESULT = 1 / 0.
endcatch.
if SY-SUBRC = 4.
...
endif.
4、代码样例
a)RAISING cx1 ... cxn
form adbc_exists_view using view_name type dd25l-viewname
changing subrc type sy-subrc
raising cx_sql_exception.
data: stmt type string,
ref type ref to data,
stmt_ref type ref to cl_sql_statement,
res_ref type ref to cl_sql_result_set,
cnt type sy-tabix.
subrc = 4.
create object stmt_ref.
get reference of view_name into ref.
stmt_ref->set_param( ref ).
stmt = 'select count(*) from user_views where view_name = ?'.
res_ref = stmt_ref->execute_query( stmt ).
* Host-Variable zur Ergebnisaufnahme zuordnen
get reference of cnt into ref.
res_ref->set_param( ref ).
res_ref->next( ).
if cnt = 1.
subrc = 0.
endif.
res_ref->close( ).
endform.
form exists_view using view_name type dd25l-viewname
changing subrc type sy-subrc.
try.
perform adbc_exists_view(sdb4fora)
using view_name
changing subrc.
catch cx_sql_exception.
subrc = 8.
endtry.
endform.
b)基于类的异常代码样例
5、错误与异常类对应关系
Exception group: ARITHMETIC_ERRORS
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