SELECT within SELECT Tutorial(选择在选择教程)

SQL的设置是mysql，，，如果选用MSsql可能出错（MicrosoftSQL）

直接就是答案，不同人答案可能不同，结果对就行，以后再考虑运行效率问题。毕竟现在就是先学习能用（答案均有验证如果提示错误再试一下，还是不行可以打在评论区）

如果有更好答案的可以打在评论区

1.

List each country name where the population is larger than that of 'Russia'.

(子查询，需要的值用子查询查出来带入条件)

SELECT name FROM world
  WHERE population >
     (SELECT population FROM world
      WHERE name='Russia')

2.

Show the countries in Europe with a per capita GDP greater than 'United Kingdom'.

SELECT name FROM world
WHERE continent='Europe' 
        AND GDP/population > (SELECT GDP/population FROM world 
                                WHERE name ='United Kingdom' )

3.

List the name and continent of countries in the continents containing either Argentina or Australia. Order by name of the country.

SELECT name, continent FROM world
WHERE continent IN (select continent FROM world
                     WHERE name = 'Argentina' OR name = 'Australia')
ORDER BY name

4.

Which country has a population that is more than Canada but less than Poland? Show the name and the population.

SELECT name, population FROM world
WHERE population > (SELECT population FROM world
                     WHERE name = 'Canada')  
  AND population < (SELECT population FROM world
                     WHERE name = 'Poland')

5.

Show the name and the population of each country in Europe. Show the population as a percentage of the population of Germany.（此处是在字段里用到子查询，直接用80million会出错）

SELECT name, 
CONCAT(ROUND(population/(SELECT population FROM world WHERE name = 'Germany')*100,0),'%') 
 FROM world
WHERE continent = 'Europe'

注意英文逗号和ROUND参数里的0，0为小数点后没有位数，concat链接字符%

6.

Which countries have a GDP greater than every country in Europe? [Give the name only.] (Some countries may have NULL gdp values)

SELECT name FROM world
WHERE GDP > ALL (SELECT GDP FROM world
                   WHERE continent='Europe' AND GDP >0 )

7.

Find the largest country (by area) in each continent, show the continent, the name and the area:

SELECT continent, name, area FROM world a
WHERE area >= ALL (SELECT area FROM world b
                   WHERE b.continent=a.continent AND area >0 )

8.

List each continent and the name of the country that comes first alphabetically.

SELECT continent, name FROM world AS a
WHERE name = (SELECT MIN(name) FROM world AS b 
                WHERE a.continent=b.continent)

 AS可以不写，AS定义别名的，此处不写和7题一样也行

9.

Find the continents where all countries have a population <= 25000000. Then find the names of the countries associated with these continents. Show name, continent and population.

SELECT name, continent, population FROM world 
 WHERE continent IN (SELECT DISTINCT(continent) FROM world a
                       WHERE 25000000 >= ALL (SELECT 
                                population FROM world b
                               WHERE b.continent=a.continent 
                                 AND population >0 ))

10.

Some countries have populations more than three times that of any of their neighbours (in the same continent). Give the countries and continents.

SELECT name, continent FROM world a
WHERE population>= ALL (SELECT population*3 FROM world b
                        WHERE b.continent=a.continent 
                        AND a.name<>b.name AND population >0 )