Self join自连接

SQL的设置是mysql，，，如果选用MSsql可能出错（MicrosoftSQL）

直接就是答案，不同人答案可能不同，结果对就行，以后再考虑运行效率问题。毕竟现在就是先学习能用（答案均有验证如果提示错误再试一下，还是不行可以打在评论区）

如果有更好答案的可以打在评论区

1.

How many stops are in the database.

SELECT COUNT(id) FROM stops

2.

Find the id value for the stop 'Craiglockhart'

SELECT id FROM stops
WHERE name = 'Craiglockhart'

3.

Give the id and the name for the stops on the '4' 'LRT' service.

SELECT id, name FROM route JOIN stops ON (stop=id)
WHERE num= '4' AND company = 'LRT'

4.

The query shown gives the number of routes that visit either London Road (149) or Craiglockhart (53). Run the query and notice the two services that link these stops have a count of 2. Add a HAVING clause to restrict the output to these two routes.

SELECT company, num, COUNT(*) FROM route 
WHERE stop=149 OR stop=53
GROUP BY company, num
HAVING COUNT(*)>=2

5.

Execute the self join shown and observe that b.stop gives all the places you can get to from Craiglockhart, without changing routes. Change the query so that it shows the services from Craiglockhart to London Road.

SELECT a.company, a.num, a.stop, b.stop
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
             JOIN stops c  ON (a.stop=c.id)
             JOIN stops d  ON (b.stop = d.id)
WHERE c.name='Craiglockhart' AND d.name='London Road'

6.

The query shown is similar to the previous one, however by joining two copies of the stops table we can refer to stops by name rather than by number. Change the query so that the services between 'Craiglockhart' and 'London Road' are shown. If you are tired of these places try 'Fairmilehead' against 'Tollcross'

SELECT a.company, a.num, c.name, d.name
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
  JOIN stops c ON (a.stop=c.id)
  JOIN stops d ON (b.stop=d.id)
WHERE c.name='Craiglockhart' AND d.name='London Road'

7.

Give a list of all the services which connect stops 115 and 137 ('Haymarket' and 'Leith')

SELECT DISTINCT (a.company), a.num
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
  JOIN stops c ON (a.stop=c.id)
  JOIN stops d ON (b.stop=d.id)
WHERE (c.name='Haymarket' AND d.name='Leith')

8.

Give a list of the services which connect the stops 'Craiglockhart' and 'Tollcross'

SELECT DISTINCT (a.company), a.num
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
  JOIN stops c ON (a.stop=c.id)
  JOIN stops d ON (b.stop=d.id)
WHERE (c.name='Craiglockhart' AND d.name='Tollcross')

9.

Give a distinct list of the stops which may be reached from 'Craiglockhart' by taking one bus, including 'Craiglockhart' itself, offered by the LRT company. Include the company and bus no. of the relevant services.

SELECT d.name, a.company, a.num
FROM route a JOIN route b ON
  (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
  JOIN stops c ON (a.stop=c.id)
  JOIN stops d ON (b.stop=d.id)
WHERE c.name='Craiglockhart'

10.

Find the routes involving two buses that can go from Craiglockhart to Lochend.
Show the bus no. and company for the first bus, the name of the stop for the transfer,
and the bus no. and company for the second bus.

SELECT DISTINCT a.num, a.company, y.name,c.num, c.company
FROM route a JOIN route b ON (a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num)
JOIN (route c JOIN route d ON (c.company=d.company AND c.num=d.num))
             JOIN stops x ON (a.stop=x.id)
             JOIN stops y ON (c.stop=y.id)
             JOIN stops z ON (d.stop=z.id)
WHERE x.name='Craiglockhart' 
  AND z.name='Lochend' 
  AND b.stop=c.stop
ORDER BY a.num, y.name, d.num