要实现一个Singleton Class, 至少需要做以下四个步骤:
1. 为Singleton Object实现一个静态实例, 初始化, 然后设置成nil.
2. 实现一个实例构造方法(通常命名为 sharedInstance 或者 sharedManager)检查上面声名的静态实例是否为nil, 如果是则新建并返回一个本类实例.
3. 重写 allocWithZone: 方法来保证当其他人直接使用 alloc 和 init 试图获得一个新实例的时候不会产生一个新的实例.
4. 适当的实现 copyWithZone:, release, retain, retainCount 和 autorelease.
@interface MySingleton : NSObject {
// ...
}
+ (MySingleton *)sharedInstance;
// Interface
- (NSString *)helloWorld;
@end
#import "MySingleton.h"
static MySingleton *sharedInstance = nil;
@implementation MySingleton
#pragma mark Singleton methods
+ (MySingleton *)sharedInstance {
@synchronized(self) {
if (sharedInstance == nil) {
sharedInstance = [[MySingleton alloc] init];
}
}
return sharedInstance;
}
+ (id)allocWithZone:(NSZone *)zone {
@synchronized(self) {
if (sharedInstance == nil) {
sharedInstance = [super allocWithZone:zone];
return sharedInstance; // assignment and return on first allocation
}
}
return nil; // on subsequent allocation attempts return nil
}
- (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone {
return self;
}
- (id)retain {
return self;
}
- (unsigned)retainCount {
return UINT_MAX; // denotes an object that cannot be released
}
- (void)release {
//do nothing
}
- (id)autorelease {
return self;
}
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark NSObject methods
- (id)init {
if (self = [super init]) {
// ...
}
return self;
}
- (void)dealloc {
// ...
[super dealloc];
}
#pragma mark -
#pragma mark Implementation
- (NSString *)helloWorld {
return @"Hello World!";
}
@end
#import "MySingleton.h"
// ...
NSLog(@"Result for singleton method helloWorld: %@", [[MySingleton sharedInstance] helloWorld]);