MATLAB图像处理工具箱函数

 

 

附录  MATLAB图像处理工具箱函数

 

 

表1通用函数

函数	功能	语法
colorbar	显示颜色条	colorbar colorbar(...,'peer',axes_handle) colorbar(axes_handle) colorbar('location') colorbar(...,'PropertyName',propertyvalue) cbar_axes = colorbar(...)
getimage	从坐标轴取得图像数据	A = getimage(h) [x,y,A] = getimage(h) [...,A,flag] = getimage(h) [...] = getimage
image	创建并显示图像对象	image(C) image(x,y,C) image(...,'PropertyName',PropertyValue,...) image('PropertyName',PropertyValue,...) Formal syntax - PN/PV only handle = image(...)
imagesc	按图像显示数据矩阵	imagesc(C) imagesc(x,y,C) imagesc(...,clims) h = imagesc(...)
imshow	显示图像	imshow(I,n) imshow(I,[low high]) imshow(BW) imshow(X,map) imshow(RGB) imshow(…,display_option) imshow(x,y,A,…) imshow filename h = imshow(…)
imview	利用图像浏览器显示图像	imview(I) imview(RGB) imview(X,map) imview(I,range) imview(filename) imview(...,'InitialMagnification',initial_mag) h = imview(...) imview close all
montage	在矩形框中同时显示多帧图像	montage(I) montage(BW) montage(X,map) montage(RGB) h = montage(...)
immovie	创建多帧索引色图像的电影动画	mov = immovie(X,map) mov = immovie(RGB)
subimage	在一个图形中显示多个图像，结合函数subplot使用	subimage(X,map) subimage(I) subimage(BW) subimage(RGB) subimage(x,y,...) h = subimage(...)
truesize	调整图像显示尺寸	truesize(fig,[mrows mcols]) truesize(fig)
wrap	将图像显示到纹理映射表面	warp(X,map) warp(I,n) warp(BW) warp(RGB) warp(z,...) warp(x,y,z,...) h = warp(...)
zoom	缩放图像或图形	zoom on zoom off zoom out zoom reset zoom zoom xon zoom yon zoom(factor) zoom(fig, option)

表2图像文件I/O函数

函数	功能	语法
imfinfo	返回图像文件信息	info = imfinfo(filename,fmt) info = imfinfo(filename)
imread	从图像文件中读取图像	A = imread(filename,fmt) [X,map] = imread(filename,fmt) [...] = imread(filename) [...] = imread(URL,...) [...] = imread(...,idx)  (CUR, GIF, ICO, and TIFF only) [...] = imread(..., 'PixelRegion', { ROWS, COLS })  (TIFF only) [...] = imread(...,'frames',idx) (GIF only) [...] = imread(...,ref)   (HDF only) [...] = imread(...,'BackgroundColor',BG) (PNG only) [A,map,alpha] = imread(...) (ICO, CUR, and PNG only)
imwrite	把图像写入图像文件中	imwrite(A,filename,fmt) imwrite(X,map,filename,fmt) imwrite(...,filename) imwrite(...,Param1,Val1,Param2,Val2...)

表3空间变换函数

函数	功能	语法
findbounds	为空间变换寻找输出边界	outbounds = findbounds(TFORM,inbounds)
fliptform	切换空间变换结构的输入和输出角色	TFLIP = fliptform(T)
imcrop	剪切图像	I2 = imcrop(I) X2 = imcrop(X,map) RGB2 = imcrop(RGB) I2 = imcrop(I,rect) X2 = imcrop(X,map,rect) RGB2 = imcrop(RGB,rect) [...] = imcrop(x,y,...) [A,rect] = imcrop(...) [x,y,A,rect] = imcrop(...)
imresize	图像缩放	B = imresize(A,m) B = imresize(A,m,method) B = imresize(A,[mrows ncols],method)   B = imresize(...,method,n) B = imresize(...,method,h)
imrotate	图像旋转	B = imrotate(A,angle) B = imrotate(A,angle,method) B = imrotate(A,angle,method,bbox)
interp2	2-D数据插值	ZI = interp2(X,Y,Z,XI,YI) ZI = interp2(Z,XI,YI) ZI = interp2(Z,ntimes) ZI = interp2(X,Y,Z,XI,YI,method)
imtransform	对图像进行2-D空间变换	B = imtransform(A,TFORM) B = imtransform(A,TFORM,INTERP) [B,XDATA,YDATA] = imtransform(...) [B,XDATA,YDATA] = imtransform(..., param1, val1, param2, val2,...)
makeresampler	生成重采样结构	R = makeresampler(interpolant,padmethod)
maketform	生成几何变换结构	T = maketform(transformtype,...)
tformarray	多维数组的空间变换	B = tformarray(A, T, R, TDIMS_A, TDIMS_B, TSIZE_B, TMAP_B,F)
tformfwd	正向空间变换	[X,Y] = tformfwd(T,U,V) [X1,X2,X3,...] = tformfwd(T,U1,U2,U3,...) X = tformfwd(T,U) [X1,X2,X3,...] = tformfwd(T,U) X = tformfwd(T,U1,U2,U3,...)
tforminv	逆向空间变换	U = tforminv(X,T)

表4像素和统计处理函数

函数	功能	语法
corr2	计算两个矩阵的2-D相关系数	r = corr2(A,B)
imcontour	创建图像的轮廓图	imcontour(I) imcontour(I,n) imcontour(I,v) imcontour(x,y,...) imcontour(...,LineSpec) [C,h] = imcontour(...)
imhist	显示图像的直方图	imhist(I,n) imhist(X,map) [counts,x] = imhist(...)
impixel	确定像素颜色值	P = impixel(I) P = impixel(X,map) P = impixel(RGB) P = impixel(I,c,r) P = impixel(X,map,c,r) P = impixel(RGB,c,r) [c,r,P] = impixel(...) P = impixel(x,y,I,xi,yi) P = impixel(x,y,X,map,xi,yi) P = impixel(x,y,RGB,xi,yi) [xi,yi,P] = impixel(x,y,...)
improfile	沿线段计算剖面图的像素值	c = improfile c = improfile(n) c = improfile(I,xi,yi) c = improfile(I,xi,yi,n) [cx,cy,c] = improfile(...) [cx,cy,c,xi,yi] = improfile(...) [...] = improfile(x,y,I,xi,yi) [...] = improfile(x,y,I,xi,yi,n) [...] = improfile(...,method)
mean2	求矩阵元素平均值	B = mean2(A)
pixval	显示图像像素信息	pixval on pixval off pixval pixval(fig,option) pixval(ax,option) pixval(H,option)
regionprops	得到图像区域属性	STATS = regionprops(L,properties)
std2	计算矩阵元素的标准偏移	b = std2(A)

表5图像分析函数

函数	功能	语法
edge	识别灰度图像中的边界	BW = edge(I,'sobel') BW = edge(I,'sobel',thresh) BW = edge(I,'sobel',thresh,direction) [BW,thresh] = edge(I,'sobel',...) BW = edge(I,'prewitt') BW = edge(I,'prewitt',thresh) BW = edge(I,'prewitt',thresh,direction) [BW,thresh] = edge(I,'prewitt',...) BW = edge(I,'roberts') BW = edge(I,'roberts',thresh) [BW,thresh] = edge(I,'roberts',...) BW = edge(I,'log') BW = edge(I,'log',thresh) BW = edge(I,'log',thresh,sigma) [BW,threshold] = edge(I,'log',...)
qtdecomp	执行四叉树分解	S = qtdecomp(I) S = qtdecomp(I,threshold) S = qtdecomp(I,threshold,mindim) S = qtdecomp(I,threshold,[mindim maxdim]) S = qtdecomp(I,fun) S = qtdecomp(I,fun,P1,P2,...)
qtgetblk	获取四叉树分解中的数组块值	[vals,r,c] = qtgetblk(I,S,dim) [vals,idx] = qtgetblk(I,S,dim)
qtsetblk	设置四叉树分解中的数组块值	J = qtsetblk(I,S,dim,vals)

表6图像增强函数

函数	功能	语法
adapthisteq	执行对比度受限的直方图均衡	J = adapthisteq(I) J = adapthisteq(I,param1,val1,param2,val2...)
decorrstretch	对多通道图像应用解卷积延拓	S = decorrstretch(I) S = decorrstretch(I,TOL)
histeq	用直方图均等化增强对比度	J = histeq(I,hgram) J = histeq(I,n) [J,T] = histeq(I,...) newmap = histeq(X,map,hgram) newmap = histeq(X,map) [newmap,T] = histeq(X,...)
imadjust	调整图像灰度值或颜色映射表	J = imadjust(I) J = imadjust(I,[low_in; high_in],[low_out; high_out]) J = imadjust(...,gamma) newmap = imadjust(map, [low_in high_in], [low_out high_out], gamma) RGB2 = imadjust(RGB1,...)
imnoise	向图像中加入噪声	J = imnoise(I,type) J = imnoise(I,type,parameters)
medfilt2	进行二维中值滤波	B = medfilt2(A,[m n]) B = medfilt2(A) B = medfilt2(A,'indexed',...)
ordfilt2	进行二维统计顺序滤波	B = ordfilt2(A,order,domain) B = ordfilt2(A,order,domain,S) B = ordfilt2(...,padopt)
stretchlim	得到图像对比度延拓的灰度上下限	LOW_HIGH = stretchlim(I,TOL) LOW_HIGH = stretchlim(RGB,TOL)
wiener2	进行二维适应性去噪滤波	J = wiener2(I,[m n],noise) [J,noise] = wiener2(I,[m n])

表7线性滤波函数

函数	功能	语法
conv2	二维卷积	C = conv2(A,B) C = conv2(hcol,hrow,A) C = conv2(...,'shape')
convmtx2	二维矩阵卷积	T = convmtx2(H,m,n) T = convmtx2(H,[m n])
convn	n维卷积	C = convn(A,B) C = convn(A,B,'shape')
filter2	二维线性滤波	Y = filter2(h,X) Y = filter2(h,X,shape)
fspecial	创建预定义滤波器	h = fspecial(type) h = fspecial(type,parameters)
imfilter	多维图像滤波	B = imfilter(A,H) B = imfilter(A,H,option1,option2,...)

表8线性二维滤波器设计函数

函数	功能	语法
freqspace	确定二维频率响应的频率空间	[f1,f2] = freqspace(n) [f1,f2] = freqspace([m n]) [x1,y1] = freqspace(...,'meshgrid') f = freqspace(N) f = freqspace(N,'whole')
freqz2	计算二维频率响应	[H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h,n1,n2) [H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h,[n2 n1]) [H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h) [H,f1,f2] = freqz2(h,f1,f2) [...] = freqz2(h,...,[dx dy]) [...] = freqz2(h,...,dx) freqz2(...)
fsamp2	用频率采样法设计二维FIR滤波器	h = fsamp2(Hd) h = fsamp2(f1,f2,Hd,[m n])
ftrans2	通过频率转换法设计二维FIR滤波器	h = ftrans2(b,t) h = ftrans2(b)
fwind1	用一维窗口方法设计二维FIR滤波器	h = fwind1(Hd,win) h = fwind1(Hd,win1,win2) h = fwind1(f1,f2,Hd,...)
fwind2	用二维窗口方法设计二维FIR滤波器	h = fwind2(Hd,win) h = fwind2(f1,f2,Hd,win)

 

表9图像变换函数

函数	功能	语法
dct2	进行二维离散余弦变换	B = dct2(A) B = dct2(A,m,n) B = dct2(A,[m n])
dctmtx	计算离散余弦变换矩阵	D = dctmtx(n)
fft2	进行二维快速傅立叶变换	Y = fft2(X) Y = fft2(X,m,n)
fftn	进行n维快速傅立叶变换	Y = fftn(X) Y = fftn(X,siz)
fftshift	转换快速傅立叶变换的输出象限	Y = fftshift(X) Y = fftshift(X,dim)
idct2	计算二维逆离散余弦变换	B = idct2(A) B = idct2(A,m,n) B = idct2(A,[m n])
ifft2	计算二维逆快速傅立叶变换	Y = ifft2(X) Y = ifft2(X,m,n) y = ifft2(..., 'nonsymmetric') y = ifft2(..., 'nonsymmetric')
ifftn	计算n维逆快速傅立叶变换	Y = ifftn(X) Y = ifftn(X,siz) y = ifftn(..., 'nonsymmetric') y = ifftn(..., 'nonsymmetric')
iradon	逆Radon变换	I = iradon(R,theta) I = iradon(R, theta, interp, filter, frequency_scaling, output_size) [I,H] = iradon(...)
phantom	产生一个头部幻影图像	P = phantom(def,n) P = phantom(E,n) [P,E] = phantom(...)
radon	计算Radon变换	R=radon(I,theta) [R,xp]=radon(…)
fanbeam	计算扇形投影变换	F = fanbeam(I,D) F = fanbeam(...,param1,val1,param1,val2,...) [F,sensor_positions,fan_rotation_angles] = fanbeam(...)

表10边沿和块处理函数

函数	功能	语法
bestblk	确定进行块操作的块大小	siz = bestblk([m n],k) [mb,nb] = bestblk([m n],k)
blkproc	实现图像的非重叠（distinct）块操作	B = blkproc(A,[m n],fun) B = blkproc(A,[m n],fun,P1,P2,...) B=blkproc(A,[m n],[mborder nborder], fun, ...) B = blkproc(A,'indexed',...)
col2im	将矩阵的列重新组织到块中	A = col2im(B,[m n],[mm nn], block_type) A = col2im(B,[m n],[mm nn])
colfilt	利用列相关函数进行边沿操作	B = colfilt(A,[m n],block_type,fun) B = colfilt(A,[m n],block_type,fun,P1,P2,...) B = colfilt(A, [m n], [mblock nblock], block_type, fun,...) B = colfilt(A,'indexed',...)
im2col	重调图像块为列	B = im2col(A,[m n],block_type) B = im2col(A,[m n]) B = im2col(A,'indexed',...)
nlfilter	通用滑动邻域操作	B = nlfilter(A,[m n],fun) B = nlfilter(A,[m n],fun,P1,P2,...) B = nlfilter(A,'indexed',...)

 

表11图像形态学操作函数

函数	功能	语法
applylut	在二值图像中利用查找表进行邻域操作	A = applylut(BW,LUT)
bwarea	计算二值图像的对象面积	total = bwarea(BW)
bweuler	计算二值图像的欧拉数	eul = bweuler(BW,n)
bwhitmiss	执行二值图像的击中和击不中操作	BW2 = bwhitmiss(BW1,SE1,SE2) BW2 = bwhitmiss(BW1,INTERVAL)
bwlabel	标注二值图像中已连接的部分	L = bwlabel(BW,n) [L,num] = bwlabel(BW,n)
bwmorph	二值图像的通用形态学操作	BW2 = bwmorph(BW,operation) BW2 = bwmorph(BW,operation,n)
bwperim	计算二值图像中对象的周长	BW2 = bwperim(BW1) BW2 = bwperim(BW1,CONN)
bwselect	在二值图像中选择对象	BW2 = bwselect(BW,c,r,n) BW2 = bwselect(BW,n) [BW2,idx] = bwselect(...) BW2 = bwselect(x,y,BW,xi,yi,n) [x,y,BW2,idx,xi,yi] = bwselect(...)
makelut	创建用于applylut函数的查找表	lut = makelut(fun,n) lut = makelut(fun,n,P1,P2,...)
bwdist	距离变换	D = bwdist(BW) [D,L] = bwdist(BW) [D,L] = bwdist(BW,METHOD)
imbothat	执行形态学的闭包运算	IM2 = imbothat(IM,SE) IM2 = imbothat(IM,NHOOD)
imclose	图像的闭运算	IM2 = imclose(IM,SE) IM2 = imclose(IM,NHOOD)
imopen	图像的开运算	IM2 = imopen(IM,SE) IM2 = imopen(IM,NHOOD)
imdilate	图像的膨胀	IM2 = imdilate(IM,SE) IM2 = imdilate(IM,NHOOD) IM2 = imdilate(IM,SE,PACKOPT) IM2 = imdilate(...,PADOPT)
imerode	图像的腐蚀	IM2 = imerode(IM,SE) IM2 = imerode(IM,NHOOD) IM2 = imerode(IM,SE,PACKOPT,M) IM2 = imerode(...,PADOPT)
imfill	填充图像区域	BW2 = imfill(BW,locations) BW2 = imfill(BW,'holes') I2 = imfill(I) BW2 = imfill(BW) [BW2 locations] = imfill(BW) BW2 = imfill(BW,locations,CONN) BW2 = imfill(BW,CONN,'holes') I2 = imfill(I,CONN)
imtophat	用开运算后的图像减去原图像	IM2 = imtophat(IM,SE) IM2 = imtophat(IM,NHOOD)
strel	创建形态学结构元素	SE = strel(shape,parameters)

表12区域处理函数

函数	功能	语法
roicolor	选择感兴趣的颜色区	BW = roicolor(A,low,high) BW = roicolor(A,v)
roifill	在图像的任意区域中进行平滑插补	J = roifill(I,c,r) J = roifill(I) J = roifill(I,BW) [J,BW] = roifill(...) J = roifill(x,y,I,xi,yi) [x,y,J,BW,xi,yi] = roifill(...)
roifilt2	滤波特定区域	J = roifilt2(h,I,BW) J = roifilt2(I,BW,fun) J = roifilt2(I,BW,fun,P1,P2,...)
roipoly	选择一个感兴趣的多边形区域	BW = roipoly(I,c,r) BW = roipoly(I) BW = roipoly(x,y,I,xi,yi) [BW,xi,yi] = roipoly(...) [x,y,BW,xi,yi] = roipoly(...)

 

表13图像代数操作

函数	功能	语法
imadd	加运算	Z = imadd(X,Y)
imsubtract	减运算	Z = imsubtract(X,Y)
immultiply	乘运算	Z = immultiply(X,Y)
imdivide	除运算	Z = imdivide(X,Y)

表14颜色空间转换函数

函数	功能	语法
hsv2rgb	转换HSV的值为RGB颜色空间	M = hsv2rgb(H)
ntsc2rgb	转换NTSC的值为RGB颜色空间	rgbmap = ntsc2rgb(yiqmap) RGB = ntsc2rgb(YIQ)
rgb2hsv	转换RGB的值为HSV颜色空间	cmap = rgb2hsv(M)
rgb2ntsc	转换RGB的值为NTSC颜色空间	yiqmap = rgb2ntsc(rgbmap) YIQ = rgb2ntsc(RGB)
rgb2ycbcr	转换RGB的值为YCbCr颜色空间	ycbcrmap = rgb2ycbcr(rgbmap) YCBCR = rgb2ycbcr(RGB)
ycbcr2rgb	转换YCbCr的值为RGB颜色空间	rgbmap = ycbcr2rgb(ycbcrmap) RGB = ycbcr2rgb(YCBCR)

表15图像类型和类型转换函数

函数	功能	语法
dither	通过抖动增加外观颜色分辨率，转换图像	X = dither(RGB,map) BW = dither(I)
gray2ind	转换灰度图像为索引色图像	[X,map] = gray2ind(I,n) [X,map] = gray2ind(BW,n)
grayslice	从灰度图像为索引色图像	X = grayslice(I,n) X = grayslice(I,v)
im2bw	转换图像为二值图像	BW = im2bw(I,level) BW = im2bw(X,map,level) BW = im2bw(RGB,level)
im2double	转换图像矩阵为双精度类型	I2 = im2double(I) RGB2 = im2double(RGB) I = im2double(BW) X2 = im2double(X,'indexed')
double	转换数据为双精度类型	double(X)
uint8	转换数据为8位无符号整型	I = uint8(X)
im2uint8	转换图像阵列为8位为无符号整型	I2 = im2uint8(I) RGB2 = im2uint8(RGB) I = im2uint8(BW) X2 = im2uint8(X,'indexed')
im2uint16	转换图像阵列为16位为无符号整型	I2 = im2uint16(I) RGB2 = im2uint16(RGB) I = im2uint16(BW) X2 = im2uint16(X,'indexed')
uint16	转换数据为16位无符号整型	I = uint16(X)
ind2gray	转换索引色图像为灰度图像	I = ind2gray(X,map)
ind2rgb	转换索引色图像为RGB图像	RGB = ind2rgb(X,map)
isbw	判断是否为二值图像	flag = isbw(A)
isgray	判断是否为灰度图像	flag = isgray(A)
isind	判断是否为索引色图像	flag = isind(A)
isrgb	判断是否为RGB图像	flag = isrgb(A)
mat2gray	转换矩阵为灰度图像	I = mat2gray(A,[amin amax]) I = mat2gray(A)
rgb2gray	转换RGB图像或颜色映射表为灰度图像	I = rgb2gray(RGB) newmap = rgb2gray(map)
rgb2ind	转换RGB图像为索引色图像	[X,map] = rgb2ind(RGB,tol) [X,map] = rgb2ind(RGB,n) X = rgb2ind(RGB,map) [...] = rgb2ind(...,dither_option)

 

表A.16图像复原函数

函数	功能	语法
deconvwnr	用维纳滤波复原图像	J = deconvwnr(I,PSF) J = deconvwnr(I,PSF,NSR) J = deconvwnr(I,PSF,NCORR,ICORR)
deconvreg	用最小约束二乘滤波复原图像	J = deconvreg(I,PSF) J = deconvreg(I,PSF,NOISEPOWER) J = deconvreg(I, PSF, NOISEPOWER, LRANGE ) J = deconvreg(I, PSF, NOISEPOWER, LRANGE, REGOP) [J, LAGRA] = deconvreg(I,PSF,...)
deconvlucy	用Richardson-Lucy滤波复原图像	J = deconvlucy(I,PSF) J = deconvlucy(I,PSF,NUMIT) J = deconvlucy(I,PSF,NUMIT,DAMPAR) J = deconvlucy(I, PSF, NUMIT, DAMPAR, WEIGHT) J = deconvlucy(I, PSF, NUMIT, DAMPAR, WEIGHT, READOUT) J = deconvlucy(I, PSF, NUMIT, DAMPAR, WEIGHT, READOUT, SUBSMPL)
deconvblind	用盲卷积滤波复原图像	[J,PSF] = deconvblind(I,INITPSF) [J,PSF] = deconvblind(I,INITPSF,NUMIT) [J,PSF] = deconvblind(I, INITPSF, NUMIT, DAMPAR) [J,PSF] = deconvblind(I, INITPSF, NUMIT, DAMPAR, WEIGHT) [J,PSF] = deconvblind(I, INITPSF, NUMIT, DAMPAR, WEIGHT, READOUT ) [J,PSF] = deconvblind(..., FUN, P1, P2, ..., PN)