需求介绍:利用cookie技术,在“你曾经看过的商品 ”列表中显示顾客最新浏览的3件商品(最后一次浏览的在最上边,以此类推)。
主页面为:IndexInf.java
package CookieDemo;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class IndexInf extends HttpServlet
{
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
//解决中文乱码问题
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
//输出所有商品
out.write("网站商品如下 : </br>");
Map<String,Book> map = Db.getAll();
for(Map.Entry<String,Book> entry : map.entrySet())
{
Book book = entry.getValue();
out.print("<a target=\"_blank\" href='/CookieTest/servlet/ShowGoodsInf?id="+book.getId()+"'>"+book.getName()+"</a><br/>");
}
//显示用户看过的商品
out.print("<br/>你曾经看过的商品 : <br/>");
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
for(int i=0;cookies!=null && i<cookies.length;i++)
{
if(cookies[i].getName().equals("bookHistory"))
{
//将ids以","分割
String[] ids = cookies[i].getValue().split("\\,");
for(String id : ids)
{
Book book = (Book) Db.getAll().get(id);
out.print(book.getName()+"</br>");
}
}
}
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
doGet(request, response);
}
}
//用类来简单模拟数据库
class Db
{
private static Map<String,Book> map = new LinkedHashMap<String, Book>();
static
{
map.put("1",new Book("1","Java开发","赵钱","好书啊。"));
map.put("2",new Book("2","JavaWeb开发","孙李","好书啊。"));
map.put("3",new Book("3","Jdbc开发","周武","好书啊。"));
map.put("4",new Book("4","Spring开发","郑王","好书啊。"));
map.put("5",new Book("5","Android开发","马六","好书啊。"));
}
public static Map getAll()
{
return map;
}
}
//创建Book类
class Book
{
private String id;
private String name;
private String author;
private String description;
public Book()
{
super();
}
public Book(String id, String name, String author, String description)
{
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.author = author;
this.description = description;
}
public String getId()
{
return id;
}
public void setId(String id)
{
this.id = id;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public void setName(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public String getAuthor()
{
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author)
{
this.author = author;
}
public String getDescription()
{
return description;
}
public void setDescription(String description)
{
this.description = description;
}
}
显示商品信息页面为ShowGoodsInf.java:
package CookieDemo;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class ShowGoodsInf extends HttpServlet
{
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
//解决中文乱码问题
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
//根据用户传送过来的id显示商品的详细信息
String id = request.getParameter("id");
Book book = (Book) Db.getAll().get(id);
out.write(book.getId()+"</br>");
out.write(book.getAuthor()+"</br>");
out.write(book.getName()+"</br>");
out.write(book.getDescription()+"</br>");
//构建Cookie,回写给浏览器
String cookieValue = buildCookie(id,request);
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("bookHistory",cookieValue);
cookie.setMaxAge(30*24*60*60);
cookie.setPath("/CookieTest");
response.addCookie(cookie);
}
private String buildCookie(String id, HttpServletRequest request)
{
String bookHistory = null;
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
for(int i=0;cookies!=null && i<cookies.length;i++)
{
if(cookies[i].getName().equals("bookHistory"))
{
bookHistory = cookies[i].getValue();
}
}
if (bookHistory==null)
{
return id;
}
//将数组转换成集合
LinkedList<String> list = new LinkedList(Arrays.asList(bookHistory.split("\\,")));
if(list.contains(id))
{
list.remove(id);
}
else if(list.size()>=3) //控制显示用户浏览过的商品最多为3个
{
list.removeLast();
}
list.addFirst(id);
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
for(String bookId : list)
{
sb.append(bookId+",");
}
return sb.deleteCharAt(sb.length()-1).toString();
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
doGet(request, response);
}
}
两者在web.xml中的配置为:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<display-name></display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>IndexInf</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>CookieDemo.IndexInf</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>ShowGoodsInf</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>CookieDemo.ShowGoodsInf</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>IndexInf</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/IndexInf</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>ShowGoodsInf</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/ShowGoodsInf</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
运行结果:
当浏览主页时:
点击“Spring开发”后跳转页面至:
通过一系列浏览后,刷新主显示页面后看到: