在前面几篇博客中介绍了ListView控件的使用,今天将用一个小案例介绍ListView的简单运用,这个例子参考了郭霖老师的《第一行Android代码》,郭霖老师的书中介绍的有点复杂,其实不需要那么复杂也可以实现那个效果,要实现一个如下所示的效果。
滑动屏幕可以查看屏幕上展示的所有水果
点击不同的水果后会在屏幕上提示点中的水果
实现代码,首先使用Android Studio创建一个Android工程
1、修改activity_main.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.fyt.fruitdemo.MainActivity">
<ListView
android:id="@+id/lv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</ListView>
</RelativeLayout>
新建一个布局文件item_listview.xml用于设置条目的布局
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruit_image"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="@drawable/apple_pic"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/fruit_name"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"
android:textSize="30dp"
android:text="苹果"/>
</LinearLayout>
新建Fruit.java文件用于处理水果的信息
package com.fyt.fruitdemo;
public class Fruit {
private String name;
private int imageId;
public Fruit(String name, int imageId) {
this.name = name;
this.imageId = imageId;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setNameId(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getImageId() {
return imageId;
}
public void setImageId(int imageId) {
this.imageId = imageId;
}
}
修改MainActivity.java文件
package com.fyt.fruitdemo;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private List<Fruit> fruitList;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//创建集合,用来保存水果的数据
fruitList = new ArrayList<Fruit>();
//创建水果对象
Fruit fruit1 = new Fruit("苹果", R.drawable.apple_pic);
Fruit fruit2 = new Fruit("香蕉", R.drawable.banana_pic);
Fruit fruit3 = new Fruit("樱桃", R.drawable.cherry_pic);
Fruit fruit4 = new Fruit("葡萄", R.drawable.grape_pic);
Fruit fruit5 = new Fruit("芒果", R.drawable.mango_pic);
Fruit fruit6 = new Fruit("桔子", R.drawable.orange_pic);
Fruit fruit7 = new Fruit("梨", R.drawable.pear_pic);
Fruit fruit8 = new Fruit("菠萝", R.drawable.pineapple_pic);
Fruit fruit9 = new Fruit("草莓", R.drawable.strawberry_pic);
Fruit fruit10 = new Fruit("西瓜", R.drawable.watermelon_pic);
//将水果对象添加到集合中
fruitList.add(fruit1);
fruitList.add(fruit2);
fruitList.add(fruit3);
fruitList.add(fruit4);
fruitList.add(fruit5);
fruitList.add(fruit6);
fruitList.add(fruit7);
fruitList.add(fruit8);
fruitList.add(fruit9);
fruitList.add(fruit10);
//获得布局文件上的ListView控件
ListView listView = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.lv);
//为ListView设置适配器
listView.setAdapter(new MyAdapter());
//给ListView添加事件监听
listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(
AdapterView<?> parent,
View view,
int position,
long id) {
//获得用户触摸到的条目上的水果
Fruit fruit = fruitList.get(position);
//使用吐司对话框提示用户触摸到的水果
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, fruit.getName(),
Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
});
}
//创建一个继承自BaseAdapter的内部类
public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
//由系统调用,用于设置ListView中条目的个数
@Override
public int getCount() {
return fruitList.size();
}
//由系统调用,获取一个View对象,作为ListView的条目
@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
//从集合中获得水果的信息
Fruit fruit = fruitList.get(position);
View v;
//如果ListView的条目没有缓存
if(convertView == null) {
//将布局文件填充成一个View对象
v = View.inflate(MainActivity.this, R.layout.item_listview, null);
}
//ListView中的条目有缓存
else {
v = convertView;
}
//设置水果的图片
ImageView imageView = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.fruit_image);
imageView.setImageResource(fruit.getImageId());
//设置水果的名称
TextView textView = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.fruit_name);
textView.setText(fruit.getName());
return v;
}
@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return null;
}
@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return 0;
}
}
}