15. 串行通信原理讲解-UART

串行通信接口背景知识

STM32F4串口框图

STM32F4串口常用寄存器和库函数

串口配置方法(手把手写简单的通信实例）

#include "stm32f4xx.h"
#include "beep.h"
#include "led.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "key.h"

// 初始化串口
void MyUSART1_Init(void)
{
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
	USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
	NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
	
	// 使能USART1时钟
	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1,ENABLE);
	// 初始化GPIOA时钟
	RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA,ENABLE);
	
	// 复用PA9P,A10映射到USERT1 每个复用要单独写
	GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA,GPIO_PinSource9,GPIO_AF_USART1);
	GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA,GPIO_PinSource10,GPIO_AF_USART1);
	
	// 初始化GPIOA口
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9 | GPIO_Pin_10;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_100MHz;
	GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);
	
	// 初始化串口
	USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
	USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
	USART_Init(USART1,&USART_InitStructure);
	
	USART_Cmd(USART1,ENABLE);
	
	// 初始化中断
	USART_ITConfig(USART1,USART_IT_RXNE,ENABLE); //接收非空
	
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
	NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1;
	NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
	u8 res; //获取数据
	// 判断是否接收到数据
	if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1,USART_IT_RXNE))
	{
		res = USART_ReceiveData(USART1);
		USART_SendData(USART1,res); //发送数据
	}
}

int main(void)
{
	//中断优先级分组
	NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2);
	MyUSART1_Init();
	while(1);
	
}